Secondhand Tobacco Smoke Exposure and Neuromotor Function in Rural Children

Yeramaneni, Samrat; Dietrich, Kim N.; Yolton, Kimberly; Parsons, Patrick J.; Aldous, Kenneth M.; Haynes, Erin N.

doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.03.014

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…Further, there might be residual or unmeasured confounding in the relationships between Mn exposure and neuromotor outcomes. For example, although none of these adolescents were smokers themselves, comprehensive information on their secondhand smoke exposure (which may be associated with neuromotor function (Yeramaneni et al, 2015)) was not available. Nonetheless, while it is not clear how secondhand smoke may also be associated with our exposure of interest (i.e., prenatal and childhood Mn exposure), which is another criterion for a variable to be a confounder, our analysis did control for SES index (which had previously been linked to secondhand smoke exposure (Orton et al, 2014)) and may in part account for the potential confounding even if it exists.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in sensitivity to prenatal and early childhood manganese exposure on neuromotor function in adolescents

Chiu

Henn

Hsu

et al. 2017

Environmental Research

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Introduction While studies have suggested that exposure to manganese (Mn) may be associated with neurodevelopment in school-age children, there is limited information on prenatal and postnatal Mn exposures and tremor or motor function in children. Methods We measured Mn levels in dentine of shed teeth, representing prenatal, early postnatal, and cumulative childhood exposure windows, from 195 children in Italy. Pursuit Aiming, Luria Nebraska Motor Battery, as well as Tremor and Sway system from Computerized Adaptive Testing System (CATSYS) were administered at 11–14 years old. We examined the relationships of tooth Mn (ln-transformed) with motor function using generalized linear models and generalized additive models, adjusting for age, sex, and socioeconomic status index. Effect modification by sex was also examined. Results We found that higher prenatal Mn was associated with better body stability in boys in a number of sway tests (including mean sway, transversal sway, sagittal sway, sway area, and sway intensity), while Mn was associated with poorer performance in girls on all of these metrics (all p for Mn × sex interaction <0.05). Higher prenatal Mn was also modestly associated with better hand/finger and eye-hand coordination in boys compared to girls in sex-stratified analyses, although interaction models did not reach statistical significance. For tremor, on the other hand, higher early postnatal Mn was associated with increased center frequency in girls (p for interaction<0.01), but increased Mn level at the later postnatal period was associated with increased center frequency in boys (p for interaction=0.01). Conclusions This study, which used a direct measure of prenatal and childhood Mn exposure, suggested sex-specific critical windows of early life Mn exposure in relation to neuromotor function in adolescents. The sex-specific associations might be strongest with measures of whole body stability, for which the critical exposure window was during the prenatal period.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in sensitivity to prenatal and early childhood manganese exposure on neuromotor function in adolescents

Chiu

Henn

Hsu

et al. 2017

Environmental Research

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“…The adverse respiratory and carcinogenic effects of second-hand and, increasingly, third-hand smoke continues to concern public health officials as an avoidable environmental exposure indoors for children (both pre- and postnatal exposures) that lead to lung cancer, motor impairment, hearing and vision problems, cardiovascular consequences, and learning disabilities [37,38,39]. Disparities in exposures continue to exist, where children from minority backgrounds and those in low socio-economic groups experience higher exposures to second-hand tobacco smoke not only in the United but in other countries [39,40].…”

Section: Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of the Field on Children’s Exposure to Environmental Contaminants: A Risk Assessment Approach

Ferguson

Penney

Solo‐Gabriele

2017

IJERPH

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Background: Children must be recognized as a sensitive population based on having biological systems and organs in various stages of development. The processes of absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination of environmental contaminants within a child’s body are considered less advanced than those of adults, making them more susceptible to disease outcomes following even small doses. Children’s unique activities of crawling and practicing increased hand-to-mouth ingestion also make them vulnerable to greater exposures by certain contaminants within specific environments. Approach: There is a need to review the field of children’s environmental exposures in order to understand trends and identify gaps in research, which may lead to better protection of this vulnerable and sensitive population. Therefore, explored here are previously published contemporary works in the broad area of children’s environmental exposures and potential impact on health from around the world. A discussion of children’s exposure to environmental contaminants is best organized under the last four steps of a risk assessment approach: hazard identification, dose-response assessment, exposure assessment (including children’s activity patterns) and risk characterization. We first consider the many exposure hazards that exist in the indoor and outdoor environments, and emerging contaminants of concern that may help guide the risk assessment process in identifying focus areas for children. A section on special diseases of concern is also included. Conclusions: The field of children’s exposures to environmental contaminants is broad. Although there are some well-studied areas offering much insight into children exposures, research is still needed to further our understanding of exposures to newer compounds, growing disease trends and the role of gene-environment interactions that modify adverse health outcomes. It is clear that behaviors of adults and children play a role in reducing or increasing a child’s exposure, where strategies to better communicate and implement risk modifying behaviors are needed, and can be more effective than implementing changes in the physical environment.

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“…Further, nicotine may also be deposited on surfaces in cases where ENDS use occurs indoors [15], potentially leading to passive exposure to nicotine and other ENDS aerosol constituents [16,17]. Passive exposure to nicotine may also be associated with developmental impairments in children, such as decreased motor function, [18] lower standardized test scores, [19] and higher risk of developing learning disabilities [20]. Prolonged TSNA exposure has been associated with increased risk of lung and esophageal cancer development in animal models [21,22] and is likely a contributing factor to the increased incidence of adenocarcinoma of the lung in adults over the past two decades [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Electronic Cigarettes in Smoke-Free Spaces by Smokers: Results from the 2014–2015 Population Assessment on Tobacco and Health Study

Dunbar

Giovino

Wei

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Background: Smoke-free air policies exist to protect users and nonusers from exposure to tobacco smoke. Although electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) may expose passerby to nicotine and particulate matter, few US states regulate indoor use of ENDS. The purpose of this study was to investigate reported rationales for ENDS use and reported ENDS use in public smoke-free places by dual cigarette/ENDS users. Methods: A population of ENDS/cigarette co-users (n = 2051) was drawn from Wave 2 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) dataset (2014–2015). Harm reduction beliefs and cessation behavior of co-users were investigated as predictors of ENDS use in public smoke-free places using logistic regression. Results: Fifty-eight percent of dual users reported past 30-day ENDS use in public smoke-free places. Reported use of ENDS to cut down on cigarette smoking (OR: 2.38, 95% CI: 1.86, 3.05), as an alternative to quitting tobacco (OR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.37, 2.13), or because of belief that ENDS help people to quit cigarettes (OR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.20, 1.92) were significantly associated with increased odds of ENDS use in smoke-free places. Conclusions: Beliefs that ENDS were useful as cessation tools or posed modified risk to users and nonusers were associated with elevated odds of use ENDS in locations where conventional tobacco is prohibited. Due to limitations in the survey instrument, in-home ENDS use could not be directly assessed in this analysis. However, these self-reported findings suggest that use of ENDS in public places where cigarette use is prohibited is prevalent enough to be of concern for future regulation and enforcement efforts.

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Secondhand Tobacco Smoke Exposure and Neuromotor Function in Rural Children

Cited by 18 publications

References 47 publications

Sex differences in sensitivity to prenatal and early childhood manganese exposure on neuromotor function in adolescents

Sex differences in sensitivity to prenatal and early childhood manganese exposure on neuromotor function in adolescents

A Review of the Field on Children’s Exposure to Environmental Contaminants: A Risk Assessment Approach

Use of Electronic Cigarettes in Smoke-Free Spaces by Smokers: Results from the 2014–2015 Population Assessment on Tobacco and Health Study

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