Secondary zoonotic dog-to-human transmission of SARS-CoV-2 suggested by timeline but refuted by viral genome sequencing

Hoppe, John M.; Füessl, Louise; Hartmann, Katrin; Hofmann‐Lehmann, Regina; Graf, Alexander; Krebs, Stefan; Blum, Helmut; Badell, Irina; Keppler, Oliver T.; Muenchhoff, Maximilian

doi:10.1007/s15010-022-01902-y

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“… 2021 ; Hoppe et al. 2023 ; Rivero et al. 2022 ) and transmission from zookeepers to animals (McAloose et al.…”

Section: Next Generation Sequencing (Ngs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Domestic and wild animal samples and diagnostic testing for SARS-CoV-2

Miller,

Braun,

et al. 2023

Veterinary Quarterly

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From the first cases in 2019, COVID-19 infections caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have resulted in over 6 million human deaths in a worldwide pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 is commonly spread from human to human through close contact and is capable of infecting both humans and animals. Worldwide, there have been over 675 animal outbreaks reported that resulted in over 2000 animal infections including domestic and wild animals. As the role of animal infections in the transmission, pathogenesis, and evolution of SARS-CoV-2 is still unfolding, accurate and reliable animal diagnostic tests are critical to aid in managing both human and animal health. This review highlights key animal samples and the three main diagnostic approaches used for animal testing: PCR, serology, and Next Generation Sequencing. Diagnostic results help inform (often difficult) clinical decision-making, but also possible ways to mitigate spread among pets, food supplies, or wildlife. A One Health approach has been key to monitoring the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, as consistent human-animal interactions can lead to novel variants. Having multiple animal diagnostic tests for SARS-CoV-2 available is critical to ensure human, animal, and environmental health.

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“… 2021 ; Hoppe et al. 2023 ; Rivero et al. 2022 ) and transmission from zookeepers to animals (McAloose et al.…”

Section: Next Generation Sequencing (Ngs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Domestic and wild animal samples and diagnostic testing for SARS-CoV-2

Miller,

Braun,

et al. 2023

Veterinary Quarterly

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“…SARS-CoV-2 transmission from humans to domestic animals has been reported; however, the transmission from pets to humans is considered unlikely, particularly in companion dogs, which thus far do not appear to play an important role in the spread of SARS-CoV-2 [34,35]. The entry of the SARS-CoV-2 into canine cells occurs, as in human cells, through the specific binding of the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the viral S1 subunit to the cellular transmembrane protein receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Study of Cellular and Humoral Immunity in Dogs Naturally Exposed to SARS-CoV-2

Tomeo-Martín,

Delgado-Bonet,

Cejalvo

et al. 2024

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was identified as the causal agent behind coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a disease declared pandemic in 2020. Because of the zoonotic origin of SARS-CoV-2 and the close contact kept by domestic dogs with their owners, it became imperative to understand the role of dogs in the epidemiology of the disease and in the virus transmission. In the present study, we determined the presence of virus and described the long-term immune effects of SARS-CoV-2 in 24 dogs exposed to SARS-CoV-2 in the domestic environment. Our findings highlight that only a subset of dogs, naturally exposed to SARS-CoV-2, exhibit a humoral response to the new virus (close to 17% had IgM antibodies and close to 33% has IgG antibodies). We identified for the first time SARS-CoV-2-specific IFN-γ-secreting cells in dogs (approximately in half of our dogs). While 56% of dogs maintained humoral response 8 months, only 22% of dogs maintained cellular response after 4 and 8 months. Although some alterations in blood parameters and proinflammatory cytokines were described, there was no evidence indicating an exacerbated cytokine release process. Considering that none of the animals enrolled in this study showed viral shedding and presented specific immune responses, it is reasonable to propose that the canine immune system in certain companion dogs is effective at blocking the negative effects of viral replication, thereby suggesting that dogs would not be potential transmitters of this pathogen to the other dogs or other species and could aid in promoting collective immunity.

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Secondary zoonotic dog-to-human transmission of SARS-CoV-2 suggested by timeline but refuted by viral genome sequencing

Cited by 2 publications

References 17 publications

Domestic and wild animal samples and diagnostic testing for SARS-CoV-2

Domestic and wild animal samples and diagnostic testing for SARS-CoV-2

A Comprehensive Study of Cellular and Humoral Immunity in Dogs Naturally Exposed to SARS-CoV-2

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