Secondary Traumatic Stress: Self-Care Issues for Clinicians, Researchers, and Educators

Geller, Jeffrey L.; Notman, Malkah T.

doi:10.1176/ps.48.2.254

Cited by 30 publications

(52 citation statements)

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“…Compassion fatigue is a phenomenon occurring over time, characterised by emotional and physical exhaustion that hinders the professional's ability to be empathetic and compassionate (Figley, 1995). Secondary traumatic stress refers to acute physiological and psychological symptoms often resembling those of direct victims', including increased fear and anxiety, feelings of guilt, sadness or anger, sleep difficulties, intrusive images, as well as physical exhaustion (Figley, 1995). Finally, vicarious trauma refers to the profound shift in world view that occurs in five key areas: trust, safety, control, esteem and intimacy (Pearlman & Saakvitne, 1995).…”

Section: Vicarious Traumamentioning

confidence: 99%

Vicarious Post-traumatic Growth in Professionals Exposed to Traumatogenic Material: A Systematic Literature Review

Tsirimokou

Kloess

Dhinse

2022

Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

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Repeated exposure to traumatogenic material as part of work with traumatised individuals can have detrimental effects on professionals’ well-being. Growing research has explored this phenomenon, known as ‘vicarious traumatisation’. Nevertheless, little research has focused on the positive effects of this work on professionals, namely, ‘vicarious post-traumatic growth’. This literature review aims to identify existing research demonstrating mental health professionals’ experiences of growth, along with environmental and personal factors that facilitate this growth. Eight qualitative and seven quantitative articles were identified following a systematic search of six electronic databases and assessed for their quality using standardised checklists. Qualitative studies were assessed using the Quality Appraisal Checklist for Qualitative Studies (NICE, 2012), and quantitative studies were assessed using the Appraisal Tool for Cross-Sectional Studies (Downes et al., 2016). Professionals described changes in the way they view themselves, the value they place on their relationships and their appreciation for life. Important organisational factors and personal traits were identified as significant predictors for professionals’ growth. Our findings have the potential to inform practical recommendations and directions for future research.

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Section: Vicarious Traumamentioning

confidence: 99%

Vicarious Post-traumatic Growth in Professionals Exposed to Traumatogenic Material: A Systematic Literature Review

Tsirimokou

Kloess

Dhinse

2022

Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

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“…Although notions of compassion fatigue have dominated discussions of compassion in health for some time [21,22], it is increasingly recognized that compassion is unlikely to cause fatigue [22,23], and that an array of factors may interfere with the ability to express compassion [8,[23][24][25]. However, although studies of compassion and compassion predictors are increasing [5,8,9,24,26], most research has focused on individual-level factors, notably factors that are fixed (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Working in value‐discrepant environments inhibits clinicians’ ability to provide compassion and reduces well‐being: A cross‐sectional study

et al. 2023

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“…All of these definitions were included in one strain construct as "empathy-based stress" (Rauvola et al, 2019): "a process of trauma exposure (i.e., a stressor) combined with the experience of empathy (i.e., an individually-and contextually-driven affective reaction) that results in empathybased strain, adverse occupational health reactions, and other work-relevant outcomes (p. 3)". However, as Figley (1995) suggested, the concept of compassion encompasses different emotional states that move from work satisfaction to extreme fatigue, tension, and preoccupation. Not only, but this notion also permits focusing the attention on the subjective cost of the empathy of who gives care (Swain, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Partial Mediator Role of Satisficing Decision-Making Style Between Trait Emotional Intelligence and Compassion Fatigue in Healthcare Professionals

et al. 2022

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Background: Compassion fatigue (CF) represents a relevant issue for healthcare professionals. Currently, it is still unclear which psychological mechanism might lead to CF and which might protect workers from that. Decision-making styles, as well as emotional intelligence, might partially account for the presence of CF. Specifically, we hypothesized that a satisficing decision-making style would mediate the relationship between emotional intelligence and CF. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted on physicians and nurses from Italian Medical Departments. Three self-reported questionnaires were administered to collect data in accordance with our aims. A mediation model with Structural Equation Modeling on the relationship between trait emotional intelligence (TEI) and CF through the maximizing decision-making style was performed. Results: We found a significant relationship between TEI and CF (β = −0.28, SE = 0.04, p < .001). The maximizing style partially mediated this relationship (β = −0.04, SE = 0.01, p < .001). Moreover, negative relationships were found between sex (male), working hours, sleep quality, and CF. Conversely, a positive relationship between age and CF was demonstrated. Conclusions: Being emotionally intelligent resulted as a protective factor for developing CF, while the decision-making styles shaped the risk of developing CF.

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Secondary Traumatic Stress: Self-Care Issues for Clinicians, Researchers, and Educators

Cited by 30 publications

References 0 publications

Vicarious Post-traumatic Growth in Professionals Exposed to Traumatogenic Material: A Systematic Literature Review

Vicarious Post-traumatic Growth in Professionals Exposed to Traumatogenic Material: A Systematic Literature Review

Working in value‐discrepant environments inhibits clinicians’ ability to provide compassion and reduces well‐being: A cross‐sectional study

The Partial Mediator Role of Satisficing Decision-Making Style Between Trait Emotional Intelligence and Compassion Fatigue in Healthcare Professionals

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