Secondary shoulder reconstruction in patients with brachial plexus injuries

The Importance of Shoulder External Rotation in Activities of Daily Living: Improving Outcomes in Traumatic Brachial Plexus Palsy

“…In the absence of spontaneous nerve recovery, surgical efforts both early (plexus and nerve root exploration, nerve repair, grafts and transfers 1,2,4,5 ) and late (tendon transfers or free functioning muscle transfer 1,2,6,7,8 ) are typically directed at restoration of active elbow flexion and shoulder motion in an effort to restore the patient's ability to place the hand in a more functional position away from the body. 6,7,8 Despite multiple reports in the pediatric literature of successful tendon transfers and humeral osteotomies for brachial plexus birth palsy aimed at restoring shoulder external rotation, 9,10,11,12 the bulk of the adult traumatic brachial plexus palsy literature focuses on restoration of shoulder abduction and forward elevation. 8 A recent case report and small case series from 2 separate institutions, however, challenge this traditionally accepted focus, directing attention to restoration of shoulder external rotation.…”

Transferencia de trapecio: reanimación de hombro en lesiones tardías de plexo braquial

“…(1)(2)(3) En la Tabla III presentamos una revisión comparativa de las series publicadas en la literatura, siendo la de este último autor la más extensa. (13)(14)(15)(16) Nuestros resultados son comparables con los reportados por los otros autores. No incluimos en nuestros casos la modificación de Bertelli (17) que busca mejorar la rotación externa, ya que dimos prioridad a lograr la estabilidad del hombro.…”

Axillary nerve neurotization by a triceps motor branch: comparison between axillary and posterior arm approaches

“… 1 , 2 Shoulder stabilization, which restores abduction and external rotation, is essential as it directly influences the more distal functions of the upper limb. 3 To achieve this goal, several techniques have been used. Primary repair or nerve grafting usually results in poor function recovery.…”