Secondary Sex Ratio in Anatinae

Blums, Peter; Mednis, Aivars

doi:10.2307/4088920

Cited by 44 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In many migrating temperate species, mate choice takes place during the winter and may take weeks [28]. The sex ratio in wintering groups is generally male-biased (references in [65]), and females have ample behavioural opportunity for mate choice. Sexual selection through female mate choice has led to the evolution and diversification of elaborate male secondary sexual plumages [62,66], and displays that include elaborate and functionally integrated movements, derived plumage patches and vocalizations, which have been the subject of foundational studies in animal behaviour [64,67,68].…”

Section: A Case Study: Sexual Conflict and Genital Coevolution In Watmentioning

confidence: 99%

The limits of sexual conflict in the narrow sense: new insights from waterfowl biology

Brennan

Prum

2012

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Sexual conflict occurs when the evolutionary interests of the sexes differ and it broadly applies to decisions over mating, fertilization and parental investment. Recently, a narrower view of sexual conflict has emerged in which direct selection on females to avoid male-imposed costs during mating is considered the distinguishing feature of conflict, while indirect selection is considered negligible. In this view, intersexual selection via sensory bias is seen as the most relevant mechanism by which male traits that harm females evolve, with antagonistic coevolution between female preferences and male manipulation following. Under this narrower framework, female preference and resistance have been synonymized because both result in a mating bias, and similarly male display and coercion are not distinguished. Our recent work on genital evolution in waterfowl has highlighted problems with this approach. In waterfowl, preference and resistance are distinct components of female phenotype, and display and coercion are independent male strategies. Female preference for male displays result in mate choice, while forced copulations by unpreferred males result in resistance to prevent these males from achieving matings and fertilizations. Genital elaborations in female waterfowl appear to function in reinforcing female preference to maintain the indirect benefits of choice rather than to reduce the direct costs of coercive mating. We propose a return to a broader view of conflict where indirect selection and intrasexual selection are considered important in the evolution of conflict.

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Section: A Case Study: Sexual Conflict and Genital Coevolution In Watmentioning

confidence: 99%

The limits of sexual conflict in the narrow sense: new insights from waterfowl biology

Brennan

Prum

2012

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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“…Secondary sex ratios (at hatch) are likewise 1:1 (Blums and Mednis 1996). Hybrids between species, however, often show preferential sterility or inviability of the heterogametic (XY) sex, which in birds is the female.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haldane's rule and American black duck × mallard hybridization

Kirby¹,

Sargeant²,

Shutler³

2004

Can. J. Zool.

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Species ratios and rangewide distributions of American black ducks (Anas rubripes Brewster, 1902) and mallards (Anas platyrhynchos L., 1758) have undergone recent changes. Mechanisms behind these changes are not known with certainty, but recent investigations have focused on the possibility of competitive exclusion and the consequences of hybridization. Consequences of hybridization have been difficult to assess because of the difficulty in identifying hybrids beyond the F 1 generation and lack of means to quantify introgression in wild populations. We documented a postmating isolating mechanism between the two species that follows Haldane's rule in controlled, interspecific matings in captive populations. Hybridization reduces the proportion of F 1 females available to return to the breeding grounds in the subsequent year. This effect, although likely small in overall population consequences in any year, may be of local significance and may contribute to recent reports of range shifts in both American black ducks and mallards. Résumé : L'importance relative des canards noirs (Anas rubripes Brewster, 1902) et des canards colverts (Anas platyrhynchos

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“…Many studies failed to find BSR manipulation despite adequate sample sizes (Newton & Marquiss 1979;Blums & Mednis 1996;Koenig & Dickinson 1996;Pagliani et al 1999). Several studies show that effects may be present in some years, but not in others Radford & Blakey 2000b; see also review by Bensch (1999)).…”

Section: Cases Where Evidence For Adaptive Sex Ratio Manipulation Is mentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental care and adaptive brood sex ratio manipulation in birds

Hasselquist

Kempenaers

2002

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B

168

128

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Under many circumstances, it might be adaptive for parents to bias the investment in offspring in relation to sex. Recently developed molecular techniques that allow sex determination of newly hatched offspring have caused a surge in studies of avian sex allocation. Whether females bias the primary brood sex ratio in relation to factors such as environmental and parental quality is debated. Progress is hampered because the mechanisms for primary sex ratio manipulation are unknown. Moreover, publication bias against nonsignificant results may distort our view of adaptive sex ratio manipulation. Despite this, there is recent experimental evidence for adaptive brood sex ratio manipulation in birds. Parental care is a particularly likely candidate to affect the brood sex ratio because it can have strong direct effects on the fitness of both parents and their offspring. We investigate and make predictions of factors that can be important for adaptive brood sex ratio manipulation under different patterns of parental care. We encourage correlational studies based on sufficiently large datasets to ensure high statistical power, studies identifying and experimentally altering factors with sex-differential fitness effects that may cause brood sex ratio skew, and studies that experimentally manipulate brood sex ratio and investigate fitness effects.

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Secondary Sex Ratio in Anatinae

Cited by 44 publications

References 36 publications

The limits of sexual conflict in the narrow sense: new insights from waterfowl biology

The limits of sexual conflict in the narrow sense: new insights from waterfowl biology

Haldane's rule and American black duck × mallard hybridization

Parental care and adaptive brood sex ratio manipulation in birds

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