Secondary reactions in oil shale pyrolysis by solid heat carrier in a moving bed with internals

Lai, Dengguo; Shi, Yucai; Geng, Sulong; Chen, Zhaohui; Gao, Shiqiu; Zhan, Jiewei; Xu, Guangwen

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2016.01.052

Cited by 60 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The area of the ion peak was used to provide relative content of the major class components to estimate the effect of SA and its supported transition metal salt catalyst on shale oil composition ( Figure 8) [47]. The main components in shale oil were alkanes and alkenes in aliphatic hydrocarbons, accounting for more than 75% of the total mass, consistent with the analysis of major aliphatic hydrocarbons in shale oil and the results of Lai et al [23]. Adding SA increased the olefin content and decreased the alkane contents compared with uncatalyzed pyrolysis of shale oil, leading to a small reduction in the total amount of aliphatic compounds.…”

Section: Shale Oil Composition Analysissupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Moreover, the volatile matter remained in the pyrolysis system for a long time, resulting in a secondary reaction and changing the oil yield and composition. The secondary reaction of volatile materials during diffusion in the reactor is primarily due to the coking of the hydrogen-depleted species and the cracking of the aliphatic portion [23]. The coking causes the shale oil to form solid product or coke, which is dominant at relatively low temperatures such as below 450 • C [24,25].…”

Section: Influence Of Sa Content On Os Pyrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Shale Ash-Based Catalyst on the Pyrolysis of Fushun Oil Shale

et al. 2019

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The effect of shale ash (SA)-based catalysts (SA as carriers to support several transition metal salts, such as ZnCl2, NiCl2·6H2O, and CuCl2·2H2O) on oil shale (OS) pyrolysis was studied. Results showed that SA promoted OS pyrolysis, and the optimum weight ratio of OS:SA was found to be 2:1. The SA-supported transition metal salt catalyst promoted the OS pyrolysis, and the catalytic effect increased with increasing load of the transition metal salt within 0.1–3.0 wt%. The transition metal salts loaded on the SA not only promoted OS pyrolysis and reduced the activation energy required but also changed the yield of pyrolysis products (reduced shale oil and semi-coke yields and increased gas and loss yield). SA-supported 3 wt% CuCl2·2H2O catalyst not only exhibited the highest ability to reduce the activation energy in OS pyrolysis (32.84 kJ/mol) but also improved the gas and loss yield, which was 4.4% higher than the uncatalyzed reaction. The supporting transition metal salts on the SA also increased the content of short-chain hydrocarbons in aliphatic hydrocarbons in shale oil and catalyzed the aromatization of aliphatic hydrocarbons to form aromatic hydrocarbons. The catalytic activity of the transition metal salt on the SA-based catalyst for OS pyrolysis decreased in the order of CuCl2·2H2O > NiCl2·6H2O > ZnCl2.

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Section: Shale Oil Composition Analysissupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Influence Of Sa Content On Os Pyrolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Shale Ash-Based Catalyst on the Pyrolysis of Fushun Oil Shale

et al. 2019

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“…Furthermore, the composition of HCs in the pyrolysates from the closed system show notably higher content of aromatic than aliphatic compounds (Table III), which resulted from the secondary reactions of cyclisation and aromatisation. 5 On the other hand, the bulk composition of pyrolysates from the open system shows a greater amount of total HCs, which is associated with the higher contribution of aliphatic relative to aromatic HCs in comparison to the close system pyrolysis ( Table III). The analysis of composition of aliphatic fractions in shale oils obtained by closed and open pyrolysis systems using GC-MS indicate that main components in both cases are n-alkanes and terminal n-alkenes ( Fig.…”

Section: Bulk Composition Of Obtained Shale Oilmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Depending on an application, further treatment to reduce the content of undesirable compounds in shale oil may be required. 3,5 The first step in the studying of the oil shale is determination of hydrocarbon generative potential, which depends on the type, quantity and maturity of OM. 6 There are different types of pyrolysis which are used in laboratory conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of pyrolysis type on shale oil generation and its composition (upper layer of Aleksinac oil shale, Serbia)

Gajica

Šajnović

Stojanović

et al. 2017

JSCS

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The influence of pyrolysis type on the shale oil generation and its composition was studied. Different methods such as Rock-Eval pyrolysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and pyrolysis in the open and closed systems were applied. Samples from the Upper layer of Aleksinac oil shale (Serbia) were used as a substrate and first time characterized in detail. The impact of kerogen content and type on the shale oil generation in different pyrolysis systems was also estimated. Majority of the analysed samples have total organic carbon content > 5 wt. % and contain oil prone kerogen types I and/or II. Therefore, they can be of particular interest for the pyrolytic processing. The thermal behaviour of analysed samples obtained by TGA is in agreement with Rock-Eval parameters. The pyrolysis of oil shale in the open system gives higher yield of shale oil than the pyrolysis in the closed system. The yield of hydrocarbons (HCs) in shale oil produced by the open pyrolysis system corresponds to an excellent source rock potential, while HCs yield from the closed system indicates a very good source rock potential. The kerogen content has a greater impact on the shale oil generation than kerogen type in the open pyrolysis system, while kerogen type plays a more important role on the generation of shale oil than the kerogen content in the closed system. The composition of the obtained shale oil showed certain undesirable features, due to the relatively high contents of olefinic HCs (open system) and polar compounds (closed system), which may require further treatment to be used.

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“…So far, research on oil shale has been related mostly to pyrolysis, to maximize the yield of oil and improve its quality [10][11][12]. By contrast, studies of the characteristics of oil shale semicoke combustion accompanied by the emission of nitrogen (N) and sulphur (S) are rather scarce and have used mainly the thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) method [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Combustion Characteristics of Oil Shale and Its Semicoke by Using a Thermobalance and a Drop-Tube Furnace

Li¹,

Wang²,

He³

et al. 2019

Oil Shale

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The combustion characteristics of Huadian oil shale and its semicoke are comparatively studied using a thermobalance (TB) and a drop-tube furnace (DTF). It is found that the ignition mechanism of oil shale and semicoke is hetero-homogeneous and heterogeneous, respectively. Drop-tube furnace experiments with both oil shale and semicoke show that the carbon (C) conversion proceeds almost simultaneously with the particle burnout, while the hydrogen (H) conversion is faster and that of nitrogen (N) and sulphur (S) slower than the particle burnout. The kinetic behavior of semicoke combustion is analyzed by drop-tube furnace experiments based on the first-order reaction model, and the kinetic model with known pre-exponential factor A a (26.3 g•cm-2 s-1 •atm-1) and apparent active energy E a (65.8 kJ/mol) is obtained.

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Secondary reactions in oil shale pyrolysis by solid heat carrier in a moving bed with internals

Cited by 60 publications

References 31 publications

Effect of Shale Ash-Based Catalyst on the Pyrolysis of Fushun Oil Shale

Effect of Shale Ash-Based Catalyst on the Pyrolysis of Fushun Oil Shale

The influence of pyrolysis type on shale oil generation and its composition (upper layer of Aleksinac oil shale, Serbia)

Study on the Combustion Characteristics of Oil Shale and Its Semicoke by Using a Thermobalance and a Drop-Tube Furnace

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