Secondary primary malignancies in patients with multiple myeloma: A single institution experience

Abstract

The purpose of our study is to highlight the demographic characteristics, pathological features, and clinical course of multiple myeloma (MM) patients with secondary primary malignancies (SPM). A retrospective chart review was performed from January 2009 to February 2020. Patients' demographic, pathologic and cytogenetic features, treatment characteristics and clinical outcomes were collected. We identified 871 MM patients including 40 patients who developed SPM. Among the 40 patients with SPM, 17 patients developed hematological SPM and 23 patients developed solid SPM. The median time from diagnosis of MM to the occurrence of hematological SPM was 6.85 versus 3.91 years in solid SPM, with a median overall survival (OS) after diagnosis of SPM of 120 and 880 days, respectively. Interestingly, we observed that there was no significant difference in OS between MM patients with or without SPM. Multivariable analysis showed that age and autologous stem cell transplantation were independent factors associated with patients' clinical outcomes. Our study highlights the importance of understanding the etiology, biology, clinical outcome and management in MM patients with SPM.

Racial differences as predictors of outcomes in young patients with multiple myeloma

“…The etiology of SPM in MM is likely multifactorial due to host, disease, and treatment-related factors [ 13 ]. Small studies revealed that the specific types of SPM often vary by race and NHWP tend to have more SPM than NHBP [ 14 , 15 ]. Except for one patient, all the patients with SPM in our study underwent at least one transplant, with 5/13 cases of hematological second malignancies developing after anti-MM treatment.…”

Changing trends in the risk factors for second primary malignancies after autologous stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma before and after the introduction of proteasome inhibitors and immunomodulatory drugs

“…Our results are consistent with those of a previous study. 8 There have been few reports that describe the prognostic comparisons of patients with SPM post-ASCT and the general population. Barth 10 In our study, the OS rate in patients with SPM post-ASCT was compatible with that of primary cancers in the general Japanese population.…”

“…[1][2][3][4] Because patients with MM survive longer, the incidence rate of second primary malignancies (SPM) in long-term survivors of MM is increasing. To date, only a few studies have evaluated SPM in real-world patients, [5][6][7][8][9] particularly in Asian patients with MM. [10][11][12] In this study, we analyzed Japanese patients with MM who underwent ASCT using large registry data.…”