Secondary physical education, participation by sex in moderate to vigorous physical activity (Educación física en secundaria, participación por sexo en actividad física moderada a vigorosa)

Abstract

Abstract. Objective: To compare by sex the participation in moderate to vigorous physical activity in secondary school physical education classes. Method: The research design was comparative descriptive, with convenience sampling, 188 adolescents with an average age of 12.5 ± 0.7 enrolled in public secondary schools in the city of Mexicali, Baja California participated. Mexico. The system for observing fitness and instruction time (SOFIT) was used to determine the moderate to vigorous physical activity of 47 physical education classes. Results: The equality of the variance was calculated by the Student t test for independent samples less than α≤ 0.05; finding significant differences of participation in vigorous moderate physical activity lower in women than in men during physical education class (P-Value = .002) with a difference percentage of 32.5 (Δ%) between men and women. Conclusion: In a constructive way, it is recommended to take pedagogical actions with cooperative and simultaneous participation of students in moderate to vigorous physical activity for at least 50% of class time, and guide educational content to involve students in the movement both genders, as established by UNESCO to provide quality physical education. Resumen. Objetivo: Comparar por sexo la participación en actividad física moderada a vigorosa en clases de educación física de secundaria. Método: El diseño de la investigación fue descriptivo comparativo, con muestreo por conveniencia, participaron 188 adolescentes de una edad promedio de 12.5±0.7 matriculados en secundarias públicas de la ciudad de Mexicali, Baja California. México. Se utilizó como instrumento de evaluación el Sistema para observar el tiempo de instrucción de actividad física (SOFIT), para determinar la actividad física moderada a vigorosa de 47 clases de educación física. Resultados: La igualdad de la varianza se calculó mediante la prueba t-Student para muestras independientes resultando por sexo menor a α≤ 0.05; encontrando diferencias significativas de participación en actividad física moderada vigorosa menores en mujeres que en hombre durante la clase de educación física (P-Valor=.002) con un porcentaje de diferencia de 32.5 (Δ%) entre hombres y mujeres. Conclusión: De manera constructiva, se recomienda tomar acciones pedagógicas con participación cooperativa y simultanea de los estudiantes en actividad física moderada a vigorosa por lo menos el 50% del tiempo de la clase, y guiar contenidos educativos para involucrar en el movimiento a los estudiantes de ambos géneros, como lo establece la UNESCO para brindar una educación física de calidad.

Panorama del sobrepeso y la obesidad en escolares de Latinoamérica (Overview of overweight and obesity in Latin American schools)

“…The reported data is not optimistic about the school health problem in the short, medium and long term in the Region. Hence, it is a responsibility of governments to propose solutions aimed not only at managing the situation, but establishing actions to prevent the emergence of overweight and obesity using the school environment as a support point as well, where children and adolescents learn and apply coadjuvant strategies, in the acquisition of healthy habits and lifestyles and engage studenst in moderate to vigorous physical activity (Hall-López et al, 2017;Hall-López et al, 2020;Piña Díaz, et al, 2020).…”

“…According to the data on overweight and obesity, it is evident that there are no changes between the first and the second survey or in their distribution, proving that excess of weight is more prevalent in students of private schools and females. The Plan Estratégico Nacional para la Prevención de Enfermedades no Trasmisibles 2015-2020(Guatemala. Minsalud, 2015, has forced the government to, combined with the lack of resources, review the double burden of infectious and noncommunicable diseases.…”

“…This review aims to know the Latin American Panorama in the fight to prevent overweight and obesity in children and adolescents based on the actions promoted by the regional governments and that have already been implemented into the school environment. For this purpose, the Plan of Action for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases-NCDs (2013-2020) (OMS, 2013, developed by the WHO (2013), and the Strategy for prevention and the control of NCDs have been taken as a reference, 2012-2025 (OMS/ OPS , 2012), which have as a primary objective the reduction of morbidity, disability and premature mortality caused by NCDs, achieving a 25% decrease in premature mortality by 2025.…”

Educational training program to increase the moderate to vigorous physical activity index in physical education teachers

“…The relevance of energy expenditure in physical activity as a factor associated with health recommended by the WHO and dietary and physical activity guidelines in the context of overweight and obesity in the Mexican population does not differentiate gender, that is, it recommends that both boys and girls equally accumulate 60 minutes of daily moderate to vigorous physical activity (Hall-López et al, 2017;Hall-López, et al, 2018;Hall-López, 2020b). As a conclusion, continuous and permanent training provides teachers with didactic strategies and content that involve students of both genders in movement, thus promoting quality physical education established by UNESCO (Piña Díaz et al, 2020).…”