Secondary organic aerosols from anthropogenic and biogenic precursors

Baltensperger, Urs; Kalberer, Markus; Dommen, Josef; Paulsen, D.; Alfarra, M. Rami; Coe, Hugh; Fisseha, R.; Gascho, A.; Gysel, M.; Nyeki, S.; Sax, M.; Steinbacher, Martin; Prévôt, Andrê S. H.; Sjögren, S.; Weingärtner, E.; Zenobi, Renato

doi:10.1039/b417367h

Cited by 251 publications

(245 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…Reactions of α-pinene have served as a model system for SOA formation in numerous studies (e.g., see Jaoui and Kamens 2001;Kamens and Jaoui 2001;Bonn and Moortgat 2002;Bröske et al 2003;Baltensperger et al 2005;Lee and Kamens 2005;Tolocka et al 2006;Bonn et al 2007;Offenberg et al 2007;Venkatachari and Hopke 2008;Yu et al 2008), and thus was used here to demonstrate the capabilities of the new flow system. SOA formation is shown here from two separate reaction systems, the NO x photooxidation of α-pinene and the ozonolysis of α-pinene.…”

Section: Application To Soa Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Aerosol Flow System for Photochemical and Thermal Studies of Tropospheric Aerosols

Ezell

Johnson

et al. 2010

Aerosol Science and Technology

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For studying the formation and photochemical/thermal reactions of aerosols relevant to the troposphere, a unique, high-volume, slow-flow, stainless steel aerosol flow system equipped with UV lamps has been constructed and characterized experimentally. The total flow system length is 8.5 m and includes a 1.2 m section used for mixing, a 6.1 m reaction section and a 1.2 m transition cone at the end. The 45.7 cm diameter results in a smaller surface to volume ratio than is found in many other flow systems and thus reduces the potential contribution from wall reactions. The latter are also reduced by frequent cleaning of the flow tube walls which is made feasible by the ease of disassembly. The flow tube is equipped with ultraviolet lamps for photolysis. This flow system allows continuous sampling under stable conditions, thus increasing the amount Received 3 November 2009; accepted 10 January 2010. We are grateful to the U.S. Department of Energy (Grant # DE-FG02-05ER64000) for support of this work. Additional support was provided by the AirUCI Environmental Molecular Science Institute funded by the National Science Foundation (Grant # CHE-0431312). E.A.B. acknowledges financial support from a National Science Foundation graduate student fellowship. This research was in part in collaboration with the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a national scientific user facility sponsored by the U.S. Address correspondence to Barbara J. Finlayson-Pitts, Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-2025, USA. E-mail: bjfinlay@uci.edu of sample available for analysis and permitting a wide variety of analytical techniques to be applied simultaneously. The residence time is of the order of an hour, and sampling ports located along the length of the flow tube allow for time-resolved measurements of aerosol and gas-phase products. The system was characterized using both an "inert" gas (CO 2 ) and particles (atomized NaNO 3 ). Instruments interfaced directly to this flow system include a NO x analyzer, an ozone analyzer, relative humidity and temperature probes, a scanning mobility particle sizer spectrometer, an aerodynamic particle sizer spectrometer, a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer, an integrating nephelometer, and a Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer equipped with a long path (64 m) cell. Particles collected with impactors and filters at the various sampling ports can be analyzed subsequently by a variety of techniques. Formation of secondary organic aerosol from α-pinene reactions (NO x photooxidation and ozonolysis) are used to demonstrate the capabilities of this new system.

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Section: Application To Soa Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Aerosol Flow System for Photochemical and Thermal Studies of Tropospheric Aerosols

Ezell

Johnson

et al. 2010

Aerosol Science and Technology

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“…SOA precursors produce a large number of oxidation products (Goldstein and Galbally, 2009), resulting in many possible chemical reaction pathways (de Gouw et al, 2005;Hallquist et al, 2009). In addition, during their lifetime in the atmosphere, SOA may undergo several physical and chemical aging processes altering their chemical composition (Kalberer et al, 2004;Baltensperger, 2005;Yasmeen et al, 2012) and size distribution (Andreae, 2009). As a result, atmospheric SOA contains many organic compounds with a large variety of structures, chain lengths, functionalities and degrees of oxidation (Kroll and Seinfeld, 2008;Jimenez et al, 2009).…”

Section: Denjean Et Al: Relating Hygroscopicity and Optical Propementioning

confidence: 99%

Relating hygroscopicity and optical properties to chemical composition and structure of secondary organic aerosol particles generated from the ozonolysis of α-pinene

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) were generated from the ozonolysis of α-pinene in the CESAM (French acronym for Experimental Multiphasic Atmospheric Simulation Chamber) simulation chamber. The SOA formation and aging were studied by following their optical, hygroscopic and chemical properties. The optical properties were investigated by determining the particle complex refractive index (CRI). The hygroscopicity was quantified by measuring the effect of relative humidity (RH) on the particle size (size growth factor, GF) and on the scattering coefficient (scattering growth factor, f (RH)). The oxygen to carbon atomic ratios (O : C) of the particle surface and bulk were used as a sensitive parameter to correlate the changes in hygroscopic and optical properties of the SOA composition during their formation and aging in CESAM.The real CRI at 525 nm wavelength decreased from 1.43-1.60 (±0.02) to 1.32-1.38 (±0.02) during the SOA formation. The decrease in the real CRI correlated to the O : C decrease from 0.68 (±0.20) to 0.55 (±0.16). In contrast, the GF remained roughly constant over the reaction time, with values of 1.02-1.07 (±0.02) at 90 % (±4.2 %) RH. Simultaneous measurements of O : C of the particle surface revealed that the SOA was not composed of a homogeneous mixture, but contained less oxidised species at the surface which may limit water absorption. In addition, an apparent change in both mobility diameter and scattering coefficient with increasing RH from 0 to 30 % was observed for SOA after 14 h of reaction. We postulate that this change could be due to a change in the viscosity of the SOA from a predominantly glassy state to a predominantly liquid state.

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“…Similar reduction of ON groups in humid conditions was reported in four reaction chamber studies. Baltensperger et al (2005) and Sax et al (2005) measured the oxidation products of 1,3,5-TMB formed at 50 to 60% RH using FTIR. Both studies showed that the abundance of ON groups decreased with time, but explanations were not given.…”

Section: Hydrolysis Of On Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrolysis of Organonitrate Functional Groups in Aerosol Particles

Liu

Shilling

Song

et al. 2012

Aerosol Science and Technology

176

203

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Organonitrate (ON) groups are thought to be important substituents in secondary organic aerosols (SOAs). Model simulations and laboratory studies indicate a large fraction of ON groups in aerosol particles, but much lower quantities are observed in the atmosphere. Hydrolysis of ON groups in aerosol particles has been proposed recently to account for this discrepancy. To test this hypothesis, we simulated formation of ON molecules in a reaction chamber under a wide range of relative humidity (RH) (0 to 90%). The mass fraction of ON groups (5 to 20% for high-NO x experiments) consistently decreased with increasing RH, which was best explained by hydrolysis of ON groups at a rate of 4 day −1 (lifetime of 6 h) for reactions under RH greater than 20%. In addition, we found that secondary nitrogen-containing molecules absorb light, with greater absorption under dry and high-NO x conditions. This work provides the first evidence for particle-phase hydrolysis of ON groups, a process that could substantially reduce ON group concentration in atmospheric SOAs.

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Secondary organic aerosols from anthropogenic and biogenic precursors

Cited by 251 publications

References 43 publications

A New Aerosol Flow System for Photochemical and Thermal Studies of Tropospheric Aerosols

A New Aerosol Flow System for Photochemical and Thermal Studies of Tropospheric Aerosols

Relating hygroscopicity and optical properties to chemical composition and structure of secondary organic aerosol particles generated from the ozonolysis of α-pinene

Hydrolysis of Organonitrate Functional Groups in Aerosol Particles

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