Secondary organic aerosol markers and related polar organic compounds in summer aerosols from a sub-urban site in Athens: Size distributions, diurnal trends and source apportionment

Kanellopoulos, Panagiotis Georgios; Chrysochou, Eirini; Koukoulakis, Konstantinos; Bakeas, Evangelos

doi:10.1016/j.apr.2021.02.013

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…It was also much lower than that in PRD (81 ng m −3 ) and that observed in Tokyo (29 ng m −3 ) in summer [43,45]. The annual concentration of isophthalic acid was 6.5 ng m −3 , which was much higher than that in Greece (1.81 ng m −3 ) [8], with an elevated concentration in spring (10.75 ng m −3 ), followed by summer (5.8 ng m −3 ), autumn (5.15 ng m −3 ), and winter (4.64 ng m −3 ). Finally, the annual concentration of trimellitic acid was 11.37 ng m −3 , which was much higher than that in Greece (2.32 ng m −3 ) [8].…”

Section: Organic Acidscontrasting

confidence: 52%

“…The annual concentration of isophthalic acid was 6.5 ng m −3 , which was much higher than that in Greece (1.81 ng m −3 ) [8], with an elevated concentration in spring (10.75 ng m −3 ), followed by summer (5.8 ng m −3 ), autumn (5.15 ng m −3 ), and winter (4.64 ng m −3 ). Finally, the annual concentration of trimellitic acid was 11.37 ng m −3 , which was much higher than that in Greece (2.32 ng m −3 ) [8]. Its concentrations were comparable in spring and summer (13.29 ng m −3 vs. 11.98 ng m −3 ) and in autumn and winter (9.51 ng m −3 vs. 9.17 ng m −3 ).…”

Section: Organic Acidsmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…Phthalic acid can be used as a tracer of SOAs [5] and a tracer of human-made secondary organic compounds, which may come from the oxidation reaction of naphthalene and some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons [6,7]. Terephthalic acid may come from primary emissions, such as vehicle exhaust and biomass combustion, and it was much higher than that in Athens (1.40 ng m −3 ) [8]. Previous studies have reported that isophthalic acid comes from material combustion (such as roadside waste incineration) and other primary sources [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Compositions and Sources of Organic Aerosol in PM2.5 in Nanjing in China

Guo

et al. 2023

Atmosphere

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Organic aerosols are harmful to the environment because of their impact on air quality and visibility. They have serious effects not only on living beings and ecosystems because of their biological toxicity, but they also have an indirect effect on regional climate change as cloud condensation nuclei and radiation force. Many measures have been applied to decrease air pollution. Although the air quality has greatly improved, the standard of the World Health Organization (WHO) is far from being met at present. In this study, fine particulates were collected in Nanjing throughout 2019, and high-performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ion–mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS) was carried out to determine 14 organic acids, 10 nitrated phenols, 1 aldehyde, and 1 ketone in aerosol samples. In this study, we further determined the changes in the pollutants in Nanjing in recent years compared to previous studies and characterized more kinds of species in the air. We found that different kinds of nitrated phenols showed similar trends of being abundant in winter and substituted in spring, autumn, and summer. 4-Nitrophenol was the most abundant species (2.83 ng m−3) among the nitrated phenols. p-Coumaric acid presented the highest level in summer with an average concentration of 1.55 ng m−3, indicating that grass burning was significant in summer, possibly due to wheat stalk and perennial ryegrass burning. The positive matrix fraction (PMF) model was applied to identify the sources of aerosols in Nanjing, including coal burning, grass burning, softwood burning, hardwood burning, anthropogenic secondary organic aerosols (SOAs), and biogenic SOAs. Coal burning and softwood burning contributed much more to the total determined species with values of 20.3% and 18.2%, respectively. Anthropogenic SOAs contributed 17.1%, and hardwood burning contributed 16.7%. The contribution of biogenic SOAs was 15%, and the grass-burning source contribution was the lowest, with 12.6%. With consideration of the large contribution from anthropogenic combustion activities, more strict measures are required to reduce emission pollutants in the future.

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