Secondary metabolites from endophytic fungus from Lippia sidoides Cham.

Abstract

Lippia sidoidesCham. (Verbenaceae) is a species native to the Brazilian northeast, widely used in popular medicine. Its leaves were used for the isolation of endophytic fungi and extraction of metabolites. Among them, three were selected according to fungitoxicity tests against the maize phytopathogenic fungus, Curvularia lunata (Wakker). However, the objective of this study was to identify the role of L. sidoides extracts associated with their endophytic fungi, necessary to reduce excess of fungicides applied on the maize crop. Metabolites were evaluated for antioxidant activity by 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), phenols, total flavonoids and one of it endophytic fungus were evaluated for synergism (Verticilium sp. and plant extracts). The endophytic fungi and plant extracts evaluated for phenolic content ranged from 0.29 ± 0.05 to 96.94 ± 11.86 mgEAG/g, the content of flavonoids from 14.31 ± 1.56 to 192.33 ± 4.58 mgER/g, and antioxidant activity could only be observed for the plant extract with EC 50 81 ± 0.3%. The secondary metabolites identified by HPLC in the plant extract were catechin, quercetin, gallic acid and naringin. Naringenin, catechin, epigallocatechin gallate and quercetin were identified in the extract of the fungi viz. Verticillium sp. and Fusarium sp. Synergistic analysis between a 1:1 proportion of plant and fungal extracts has shown more efficient (79.0%) inhibition of C. lunata. Thus, alternative control of phytopathogenic fungi can be accomplished using plant extracts associated with their endophytic fungi, reducing the excess of fungicides applied on the maize crop.

Antibacterial and antioxidant activity of endophytic fungi isolated from Peronema canescens leaves

“…In this study, endophytic fungi form P. canescens leaf were found 12 isolates included to 7 different genera, specifically Phytium, Cylindrocarpon, Lasiodiplodia, Penicillium, Plectospira, Phialophora, and Trichoderma. This finding concordanced to several researchers who also found Penicillium, Cylindrocarpon, Alternaria, Trichoderma, Cylindrocarpon, Phialophora, and Trichoderma in Verbenaceae family (De Siqueira et al 2011;Gong et al 2015;Singh et al 2017;Talita et al 2017;Vaz et al 2018;Tomy and Rakhra 2021). Some genera, such as Trichoderma, are specific for the roots and stems of the host plants (Habisukan et al 2021;Pescador et al 2022;Taylor et al 2022).…”

Review: Eksplorasi Pemanfaatan Jamur Endofit pada Tanaman Curcuma dan Zingiber sebagai Penghasil Senyawa Antibakteri

“…Penggunaan rotary shaker berfungsi untuk mengatur homogenitas kondisi fisika dan kimia pada media atau disebut sebagai agitasi (Zhou et al, 2018). Setelah diinkubasi, cairan kultur hasil fermentasi dipisahkan dengan miselium jamur endofit dengan menggunakan vacuum filtration, dan ekstrak kasar senyawa metabolit dapat diperoleh dengan menggunakan pelarut organik seperti heksana dan etil asetat yang dapat memperoleh senyawa dalam jumlah yang besar (de Souza Ferreira et al, 2017).…”