Secondary ion mass spectrometry for characterizing antimony, arsenic and selenium on graphite surfaces modified with noble metals and used for hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry

Influence of antimony ions in negative electrolyte on the electrochemical performance of vanadium redox flow batteries

“…Meanwhile, the distribution of Sb metal on the surface of carbon materials after they had been subjected to various treatments such as thermal reduction [36] or electro-deposition [37] have been reported. In the paper, Antimony is considered to be a promising metal catalyst to improve the electrochemical performance of VRFB.…”

Atomic spectrometry update. Advances in atomic emission, absorption and fluorescence spectrometry and related techniques

“…Bulska et al 224 characterized the compounds of As, Sb and Se on graphite surfaces modified with noble metals formed during in-atomizer trapping of the hydrides by SIMS. The surface and sub-surface distribution of noble metals (after electrodeposition of 600 mg or thermal reduction of 10 mg as modifiers), as well as of As, Sb, and Se (200 ng) as analytes after their deposition on the graphite surface, were investigated.…”

“…221 studied the role of L-cysteine. Bulska et al 224 examined the in-atomizer trapping of arsine. Ribiero et al 225 determined As with a W-coil quartz tube atomizer.…”

“…D'Ulivo et al 227 included Sb in the suite of elements they determined by HG with aminoborane reagents, Bulska et al 224 investigated the nature of the compounds formed when stibine was trapped on the interior surface of a graphite furnace atomizer, and Sb was among the elements determined in flue gas by Clarkson et al 240 1.4.3.7 Selenium. Researchers whose studies concerning Se have been discussed earlier include Niedzielski et al, 216 who reviewed the conditions used for the HG-AAS determination of As, Sb and Se, Bings et al, 257 who developed a multi-analyte FI method of electrochemical HG procedure, D'Ulivo et al, 222 who studied the effects of several masking agents, Bulska et al 224 who characterized by SIMS the compounds of As, Sb and Se on graphite surfaces modified with noble metals formed during in-atomizer trapping of the hydrides, Semenova et al 226 who developed a multisyringe system for the determination of total inorganic Se by HG-AFS. Chinese workers, Li et al, 236 determined As and Se in sulfur by HG-ICP-OES, but gave no hint as to how oxidation states were adjusted following oxidative sample pretreatement.…”

Enhanced performance of a Bi-modified graphite felt as the positive electrode of a vanadium redox flow battery

“…Other studies investigated the distribution of metals (Sb, As, Se, Ir) or alloys (PtRu) on the surface of carbon materials after they had been subjected to different treatments such as thermal reduction [11] or electrodeposition [12]. In the former, the carbon material is immersed in a solution containing the metallic ions and then it is thermally treated in air at high temperatures.…”