Secondary Electron Emission from Solids

Basic Processes of Ion Beam Termination

“…From the model that has been developed, as e varies from a very large positive quantity to the order of unity, the asymptotes of the sputtering ratio may be obtained from Eqs. (23) and (27). Thus, the sputtering ratio begins with essentially a linear rise beyond the initial bend and peaks out at some maximum value where f, is of the order of unity.…”

“…' The maximum value of the sputtering ratio may be readily obtained since S decreases with increasing ion energy in the Rutherford region. Again neglecting inverse powers of Ei, Smax = (27) where the function J/!2 has been introduced to allow for the possibility of a different angular distribution function in this energy region.…”

“…Equation (27) predicts that the sputtering ratio is independent of energy within the energy range where~is of the order of unity. From the model that has been developed, as e varies from a very large positive quantity to the order of unity, the asymptotes of the sputtering ratio may be obtained from Eqs.…”

Electromagnetic Forces on a Relativistic Spacecraft in the Interstellar Medium

“…referred to the classical review by Hachenberg & Brauer (1959) and a more recent review by Schou (1980), for more details. Here, we only provide the essential formulae.…”

“…where E m and δ m are the peak energy and maximum yield (Hachenberg & Brauer 1959;Draine & Salpeter 1979). Experimental data show that, for quartz, E m = 420 eV and δ m = 2.9.…”