Secondary and 2-Year Outcomes of a Sexual Assault Resistance Program for University Women

Senn, Charlene Y.; Eliasziw, Misha; Hobden, Karen L.; Newby‐Clark, Ian R.; Barata, Paula C.; Radtke, H. Lorraine; Thurston, Wilfreda E.

doi:10.1177/0361684317690119

Cited by 96 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Of particular interest is that women correctly identified relatively weaker male vocalizers on only 25% of trials, and tended to judge similar strength male vocalizers as stronger than themselves. Awareness of this negative bias may inform confidence-based interventions (already shown to ameliorate the “confidence gap” in cognitive tasks, Bench et al., 2015 , Ehrlinger and Dunning, 2003 , Estes and Felker, 2012 ) in sexual assault resistance programs ( Jordan and Mossman, 2017 , Senn et al., 2015 , Senn et al., 2017 , Wong and Balemba, 2016 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Listeners Can Accurately Judge Strength and Height Relative to Self from Aggressive Roars and Speech

et al. 2018

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SummaryAlthough animal vocalizations and human speech are known to communicate physical formidability, no previous study has examined whether human listeners can assess the strength or body size of vocalizers relative to their own, either from speech or from nonverbal vocalizations. Here, although men tended to underestimate women's formidability, and women to overestimate men's, listeners judged relative strength and height from aggressive roars and aggressive speech accurately. For example, when judging roars, male listeners accurately identified vocalizers who were substantially stronger than themselves in 88% of trials, and never as weaker. For male vocalizers only, roars functioned to exaggerate the expression of threat compared to aggressive speech, as men were rated as relatively stronger when producing roars. These results indicate that, like other mammals, the acoustic structure of human aggressive vocal signals (and in particular roars) may have been selected to communicate functional information relevant to listeners' survival.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Listeners Can Accurately Judge Strength and Height Relative to Self from Aggressive Roars and Speech

et al. 2018

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“…Recent research in Canada, Kenya, and the U.S. has found that women are much less likely to be assaulted after taking an empowerment‐based self‐defense class (Hollander, ; Sarnquist et al, ; Senn et al, ; Sinclair et al, ). These effects are both large and immediate and, according to one study, are sustained over at least 2 years (Senn et al, ). In addition, participants in these studies report a range of other positive effects.…”

Section: Women's Self‐defense and Sexual Assault Resistance: The Statmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…They are also evidence‐based, provide a comprehensive “toolbox” of strategies for the full continuum of assaults against women, explicitly hold perpetrators responsible for violence, transform understandings of women's bodies and gender more generally, and aim to empower rather than frighten or restrict women (National Women's Martial Arts Federation, n.d.; Hollander, ; ; Hollander, In press; Rentschler, ; Searles & Follansbee, ; Seith & Kelly, ; Taylor & Wanamaker, ; Telsey, ; Thompson, ; Wanamaker, ). ESD courses thus go far beyond the physical training that most people associate with the term “self‐defense.” Although research on ESD training is fairly new, we now have a growing body of rigorously conducted work that demonstrates its effectiveness (Hollander, ; Sarnquist et al, ; Senn et al, ; Senn et al, ; Sinclair et al, ). Nonetheless, there continues to be misunderstanding about both what women's self‐defense is and the differences among the various types of self‐defense training; this confusion has kept ESD classes from becoming an integral part of the antiviolence movement (Thompson, ).…”

Section: What Is Women's Self‐defense?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Women's self‐defense and sexual assault resistance: The state of the field

Hollander

2018

Sociology Compass

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Public attention to sexual assault has increased dramatically over the last decade, spurring questions about how it can be prevented. One approach that has received scant attention is women's self-defense training (sometimes known as sexual assault resistance training). This neglect is curious because empowerment-based women's self-defense (ESD) training is so far the only approach that has produced substantively significant decreases in victimization rates. In this article, I review the research evidence on women's selfdefense training. Does resisting a sexual assault affect the outcome of sexual violence? Does self-defense training further reduce women's risk of violence? What are the other consequences of self-defense training? How does selfdefense work for different groups of women-for example, those who have survived prior victimizations? Are the critiques of women's self-defense training valid? Finally, what do we still need to learn about women's self-defense? Overall, I argue that this evidence presents a compelling case that women's self-defense training should be central to any efforts to prevent sexual violence.

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“…Fund and implement sexual harassment and assault resistance training for students as part of an integrated sexual violence prevention strategy based on the best available evidence 5. Evidence-based programmes exist to help students become more active bystanders39 and better resist sexual violence,40 41 as well as programmes that show promise for reducing male students’ perpetration of sexual violence 42. If ‘ the female researcher cannot prepare for all eventualities, … at least she can enter the setting with some idea of how she might respond to sexist remarks, sexist behavior, and sexual hustling.…”

Section: What Can Academics and Academic Institutions Do?mentioning

confidence: 99%