Secondary aerosol formation from a Chinese gasoline vehicle: Impacts of fuel (E10, gasoline) and driving conditions (idling, cruising)

Hui, Wang; Guo, Song; Yu, Ying; Shen, R.; Zhu, Wenfei; Tang, Rongzhi; Tan, Rui; Liu, Kefan; Song, Kai; Zhang, Wenbin; Zhang, Zhou; Shuai, Shijin; Xu, Hongming; Zheng, Jie; Chen, Shiyi; Li, Samuel; Zeng, Limin; Wu, Zhijun

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148809

Cited by 17 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Chemical oxidation and storage stability under atmospheric conditions of motor gasoline rely on its composition, in terms of the type of each petroleum component, and its quantity in the finished motor fuel. , This also depends upon the origin of crude oil and the kind of petroleum refining processes used to produce gasoline fractions . By and large, it is reported that chemical oxidation and storage stability reduce in accordance with the series of paraffins < naphthenes < dines < olefins < isoolefins.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the Superior Role of Characterizing Methyl Ester of Isohexene as an Innovative High-Octane Gasoline Mixing Component

et al. 2022

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High concentrations of isoolefinic hydrocarbons can adversely affect the physical, chemical, mechanical, and ecological characteristics of gasoline fuels. One of the solutions to reduce olefin contents is the utilization of the methoxylation process. The current paper declares a perspective toward a gasoline-component-first technique, revealing an innovative highoctane additive on the basis of isoolefinic components, like isohexene. The olefin content of isohexene was 94% volumetrically. This affected the chemical oxidation under atmospheric conditions. Several gasoline fuels and experimental facilities that match European and Russian requirements were used to execute the recent work. The objective of the methoxylation process is to enhance the chemical oxidation fuels to raise the portion of aliphatic hydrocarbon isomers, to decrease unwanted olefin content, as well as to generate high-octane motor ethers as gasoline octane boosters. The product can be defined as methyl ester of isohexene (MEIH). Various MEIH blends have been measured with other gasoline octane boosters and refinery products. The results proved that antidetonation properties of MEIH were higher than those of base gasolines, tertiary amyl methyl ether (TAME), and isohexene and approximately equal to that of methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE). Additionally, the results of the calculated MEIH mixing octane rating were from 104.3 to 131.5 for the research method and from 87.5 to 120.0 for the motor method. Likewise, the olefin content of MEIH was 74.2% when the methoxylation process was applied for isohexene. The oxygen content of MEIH was 3.3 wt %, with no oxygen content in the sample of isohexene. Those have been done thanks to the utilization of the methoxylation process of isohexene. Finally, MEIH provided an individual perspective as a liquid transportation fuel with merits over isohexene, in terms of antidetonation properties, olefin contents, as well as a distillation characteristic range.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the Superior Role of Characterizing Methyl Ester of Isohexene as an Innovative High-Octane Gasoline Mixing Component

et al. 2022

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“…The oxidation capacity of Go:PAM, i.e., OH exposure, was calibrated by the decay of SO 2 , ranging from 4.3 × 10 10 to 2.7 × 10 11 molecules cm –3 s. The equivalent photochemical age (EPA) was 0.3–2.1 days with the assumption of [OH] = 1.5 × 10 6 molecules cm –3 . The fraction of non-OH reactions and the effect of cooking fumes on OH exposure were evaluated by Zhang et al and Wang et al Table S1 summaries the detailed information on the cooking of the four cuisines, i.e., deep-frying chicken, shallow-frying tofu, stir-frying cabbage, and Kung Pao chicken (hereafter termed “chicken”, “tofu”, “cabbage”, and “Kung Pao chicken”, respectively). Before each experiment, the dilution air was measured as the background.…”

Section: Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A Vocus proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer (Vocus PTR-TOF, Tofwerk AG/Aerodyne Research, Inc.) was deployed to identify and quantify VOCs and S/IVOCs from cooking emissions. Meanwhile, VOCs from cooking fumes were also collected by silica SUMMA canisters and analyzed by a gas chromatograph–mass spectrometer/flame ionization detection (GC-MS/FID, Agilent, Inc., USA). , The particle number size distributions were measured by two scanning mobility particle sizers (SMPS; classifier model 3080/3082, condensation particle counter model 3778/3772; TSI Inc.) before and after Go:PAM, respectively, with a time resolution of 2 min. Particle chemical composition was measured by a high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS, Aerodyne Research, Inc.).…”

Section: Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Δ M precursor, i is the reacted mass concentration of precursor i in μg m –3 , which can be quantified directly by Vocus PTR-TOF; Y i is the SOA yield of precursor i (Text S5 and Table S2). Because the consumptions of alkanes cannot be real-time measured directly, we estimated alkane consumption based on the OH exposure and reaction rate constants , (Text S6).…”

Section: Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ΔM precursor,i is the reacted mass concentration of precursor i in μg m −3 , which can be quantified directly by Vocus PTR-TOF; Y i is the SOA yield of precursor i (Text S5 and Table S2). Because the consumptions of alkanes cannot be real-time measured directly, we estimated alkane consumption based on the OH exposure and reaction rate constants 29,30 (Text S6). Also, we calculated the emission rates (ERs, mg min −1 ) of VOCs, S/IVOCs, POA, and the SOA production rate (PR, mg min −1 ) using the method from Liu et al 23 (Text S7).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Importance of Semivolatile/Intermediate-Volatility Organic Compounds to Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation from Chinese Domestic Cooking Emissions

Guo

Wang

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett.

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Here, we deploy a Gothenburg potential aerosol mass reactor (Go:PAM) to investigate the secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation from Chinese domestic cooking emissions. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and semivolatile/intermediate-volatility organic compounds (S/IVOCs) were measured by a Vocus proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer (Vocus PTR-TOF). SOA mass was calculated by particle number size distribution and the particle density that was measured by a centrifugal particle mass analyzer. The primary organic aerosols (POA) emission rates are 2.0, 2.2, 1.8, and 1.1 mg min–1 for chicken, tofu, cabbage, and Kung Pao chicken, respectively. Correspondingly, the SOA production rates are 2.7, 2.4, 2.3, and 1.9 mg min–1. Our results show the distinct precursors and SOA formation from real-world cooking emissions compared with cooking oil heating emissions. The cooking style has a greater impact on the primary emissions and SOA formation than the cooking material. A closure study shows that the VOCs oxidation can only explain 5%–23% of measured SOA. This percentage increases to 19%–55% when considering S/IVOCs oxidation. Our study demonstrates the importance of S/IVOCs oxidation to SOA formation from cooking emissions, suggesting an urgent need for comprehensive S/IVOCs characterization from cooking emissions.

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Insights Into Formation and Aging of Secondary Organic Aerosol From Oxidation Flow Reactors: A Review

Zhang,

Xu,

Lambe

et al. 2024

Curr Pollution Rep

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Secondary aerosol formation from a Chinese gasoline vehicle: Impacts of fuel (E10, gasoline) and driving conditions (idling, cruising)

Cited by 17 publications

References 82 publications

Unraveling the Superior Role of Characterizing Methyl Ester of Isohexene as an Innovative High-Octane Gasoline Mixing Component

Unraveling the Superior Role of Characterizing Methyl Ester of Isohexene as an Innovative High-Octane Gasoline Mixing Component

Importance of Semivolatile/Intermediate-Volatility Organic Compounds to Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation from Chinese Domestic Cooking Emissions

Insights Into Formation and Aging of Secondary Organic Aerosol From Oxidation Flow Reactors: A Review

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