Second-trimester placental changes associated with elevated maternal serum α-fetoprotein

Perkes, Edward A.; Baim, Roger S.; Goodman, Ken; Macri, James N.

doi:10.1016/0002-9378(82)90188-0

Cited by 38 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Recent reports suggest that placental abnormalities [2][3][4][5][6] and oligohydramnios [7][8][9] may be associated with elevated MS-AFP levels. However, the frequency of such observations is uncertain because of the small number of published series.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sonography of placental abnormalities and oligohydramnios in women with elevated alpha-fetoprotein levels: comparison with control subjects

Kelly

Nyberg

Mack

et al. 1989

American Journal of Roentgenology

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twins, or lack of follow-up were excluded.Overall, 27 (36%) of 76 patients with elevated MS-AFP levels had placental or amniotic fluid abnormalities compared with only three (3%) of 87 control subjects. Significant differences (p < .01) were noted in the frequency of penplacental hemorrhage (9% vs 0%), intraplacental sonolucencies greater than or equal to 1.5 cm in diameter (18% vs 3%) and moderate or severe oligohydramnios (17% vs 0%). More patients with elevated MS-AFP levels had placenta previa (4%) or placental thickness greater than or equal to 3.5 cm (12%) than did those In the control group (1% and 5%, respectively), although these differences did not reach statistical significance. Seven (26%) of the 27 patients had more than one abnormality.We conclude that placental and/or amniotic fluid abnormalities are frequently shown on sonograms in women who are examined because of elevated MS-AFP levels.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sonography of placental abnormalities and oligohydramnios in women with elevated alpha-fetoprotein levels: comparison with control subjects

Kelly

Nyberg

Mack

et al. 1989

American Journal of Roentgenology

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“…The rise in MSAFP may be caused by extravasation of fetal blood into the maternal circulation. A similar mechanism for abnormally high levels of MSAFP has been proposed in first trimester vaginal bleeding, placental infarction [9,10], placental cavities [3,4] or chorangiomas [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The differential diagnosis has to be considered with placental anomalies [1,2] (avillous spaces or 'placental lakes' [3,4], true placental cyst or cytotrophoblast cyst [5], circumvallate placenta, subchorionic hematomas or thrombi [6][7][8], chorangioma [6], Breus' mole [7], and infarction [9,10]), a cord cyst, and fetal anomalies ('vanishing twin', meningocele). Exact sonographic localization, shape and echogenicity of the lesion over time [1] and Doppler flow examination enable differentiation between a subamniotic hematoma and other lesions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal Diagnosis of a Subamniotic Hematoma

Bosch¹,

Schoubroeck

Cornelis³

et al. 2000

Fetal Diagn Ther

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“…The lesions were associated with either high levels of maternal serum AFP, oligohydramnios, intra uterine growth retardation or vaginal bleeding. The rea son for the high levels of AFP is unknown but could be due to fetomaternal haemorrhage or the release of AFP from ischaemic villi [3].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This means that, while ultra sound scanning in pregnancy allows inspection of the pla centa in great detail, interpretation is hard. Fluid-filled echo-poor spaces are seen in almost every pregnancy and are usually called placental 'lakes' [2], Larger placental lesions are less common and frequently have a heteroge neous appearance, but when solid and echogenic they may be associated with a high maternal serum alpha-feto protein (AFP), intrauterine growth retardation or utero placental insufficiency [1,3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Placental Lesions: Is Growth a Predictor of Bad Outcome?

et al. 1997

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Placental lesions are difficult to assess because there is often a discrepancy between the ultrasound findings, clinical diagnosis and pathology. Large placental lesions especially when solid and echogenic on ultrasound may be associated with a high maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein, intrauterine growth retardation or uteroplacental insufficiency. We report three cases in which mainly solid placental lesions were noted to increase in size during the second trimester and the placental weights at birth were relatively heavy when compared to the fetal weight. In all cases there were serious pregnancy complications. Pathological examination showed infarction, haematoma or both. We suggest that the growth of placental lesions during pregnancy may be an important sign related to the severity of the disease and therefore poor outcome.

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Second-trimester placental changes associated with elevated maternal serum α-fetoprotein

Cited by 38 publications

References 5 publications

Sonography of placental abnormalities and oligohydramnios in women with elevated alpha-fetoprotein levels: comparison with control subjects

Sonography of placental abnormalities and oligohydramnios in women with elevated alpha-fetoprotein levels: comparison with control subjects

Prenatal Diagnosis of a Subamniotic Hematoma

Placental Lesions: Is Growth a Predictor of Bad Outcome?

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