Second serogroup of Legionella feeleii strains isolated from humans

Thacker, W L; Wilkinson, H W; Plikaytis, Bonnie B.; Steigerwalt, Arnold G.; Mayberry, W. R.; Moss, C W; Brenner, Don J.

doi:10.1128/jcm.22.1.1-4.1985

Cited by 30 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…One such candidate for Pontiac fever is L. feeleii, which is aproteolytic (22). In addition, L. micdadei, which is also aproteolytic, produces disease most frequently in immunocompromised hosts (18,26).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of a Legionella pneumophila extracellular protease exhibiting hemolytic and cytotoxic activities

Keen

Hoffman

1989

Infect Immun

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A preliminary screening of selected Legionella species for proteolytic and hemolytic phenotypes suggested a correlation between these activities. To investigate the relationship of these phenotypes, a mutant strain of Legionella pneumophila deficient in the expression of a 38-kilodalton (kDa) exoprotease was isolated and characterized. This strain, designated PRT8, was also found to be nonhemolytic when screened on blood agar composed of 5% canine or guinea pig erythrocytes. Strain PRT8 was serologically and biochemically identical to the parental strain with the exception of the expression of the exoprotease. Immunoblot analysis of concentrated culture filtrates from PRT8 probed with polyclonal anti-38-kDa exoprotease serum revealed no cross-reactive peptides. To resolve the role of the exoprotease in the hemolytic phenotype, the exoprotease was purified from the culture supernatant of the parental strain by a combination of ion-exchange and hydrophobic interaction chromatography steps. The hemolytic activity was found to copurify with the proteolytic activity, and analyses by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblot revealed a single protein species exhibiting an apparent molecular mass of 38 kDa. Finally, the purified exoprotease and concentrated culture supernatant from the parental strain, but not from PRT8, exhibited cytotoxicity (minimum cytotoxic activity of 0.17 U of protease activity) in a Chinese hamster ovary cell assay. These data suggest that the exoprotease is responsible for the hemolytic and cytotoxic phenotypes described for this species and therefore may be one of several determinants associated with virulence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of a Legionella pneumophila extracellular protease exhibiting hemolytic and cytotoxic activities

Keen

Hoffman

1989

Infect Immun

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“…logical techniques. This practice has led to the identification and description of serologically distinct strains of the same species (Bibb et al 1981;Tang et al 1984;Thacker et al 1985;WiIkinson et al 1985;Benson et al 1988). Strain ML76 was isolated from an environmental source and presumptively identified as a legionella by its nutritional requirements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although definitive identification of legionellas can be made only by DNA/DNA homology studies, most newly isolated strains are presumptively identified by nutritional, biochemical and, particularly, serological characteristics. Serological diversity is frequently seen within species, however, and at present L. pneumophila comprises 14 serogroups (Benson et al 1988), and L. bozemanii, L. feeleii, L. hackeliae and L. longbeachae each comprise two serogroups (Bibb et al 1981;Tang et al 1984;Thacker et al 1985;Wilkinson et al 1985).…”

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confidence: 99%

Serological diversity within the species Legionella spiritensis

Harrison

Saunders

Doshi

et al. 1988

Journal of Applied Bacteriology

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A strain of Legionella isolated from the environment which could not initially be identified was shown by restriction fragment length polymorphisms to be a Legionella spiritensis. This was confirmed by DNA homology studies, cell wall fatty acid composition and isoprenoid quinone analysis. This strain, which is only the second reported representative of the species, was shown to be serologically distinct from the type strain of L. spiritensis and all other serogroups of Legionella.

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“…The first case of L. gormanii infection in humans was 0 DFA poly E3 DFA Lp reported in 1988 (7), and that of L. feeleii was reported in 1985 (17,21). That both of these organisms are potentially pathogenic is not in dispute.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of amoebae and Pseudomonas and Legionella spp. from eyewash stations

Paszko-Kolva

Yamamoto

Shahamat

et al. 1991

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Forty eyewash units were sampled for protozoa, bacteria, and fungi. Total heterotrophic bacterial counts on nutrient agar and R2A agar (Difco Laboratories, Detroit, Mich.) ranged from 0 to 105 CFU/ml, with Pseudomonas spp. being the most frequently isolated. Total counts of 104 and 108 cells per ml were obtained with the acridine orange staining procedure. All samples were examined for Legionella spp. by direct fluorescent-antibody staining and by culturing on buffered charcoal-yeast extract agar containing a-ketoglutarate and glycine and supplemented with cycloheximide, vancomycin, and polymyxin B. DNA-DNA hybridization was used to confirm identification of the Legionella isolates. Legionellae were detected in 35 of 40 (87.5%) samples by direct fluorescent-antibody staining, with 3 samples yielding both Legionella spp. and amoebae. Amoebae identified as Hartmannella, Vahlkampfia, Acanthamoeba, and Cochliopodium spp. were detected in 19 of 40 (47.5%) samples. Sabouraud dextrose agar was used to obtain a crude estimate of viable fungal populations. pH, hardness, and ammonia, alkalinity, chlorine, copper, and iron contents were recorded for all water samples collected from eyewash stations; 33% of the samples had .10 mg of CO2 per liter. It is concluded that eyewash stations not regularly flushed and/or cleaned and used to flush traumatized eye tissue may be a source of infection and can contaminate laboratory environments via aerosol transmission.

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Second serogroup of Legionella feeleii strains isolated from humans

Cited by 30 publications

References 17 publications

Characterization of a Legionella pneumophila extracellular protease exhibiting hemolytic and cytotoxic activities

Characterization of a Legionella pneumophila extracellular protease exhibiting hemolytic and cytotoxic activities

Serological diversity within the species Legionella spiritensis

Isolation of amoebae and Pseudomonas and Legionella spp. from eyewash stations

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