Second-order conditioning during sleep

Hennevin, Elizabeth; Hars, Bernard

doi:10.3758/bf03327177

Cited by 21 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…As a consequence, the cellular excitability of thalamocortical systems is similar in PS and waking; cortical and thalamic neurons tend to oscillate in the fast frequency range (see, for review and discussion, Kahn, Pace-Schott, & Hobson, 1997; Llinás & Paré, 1991; Paré & Llinás, 1995; Steriade, 1991, 1995). Second, information-processing abilities in PS are attested by the fact that new associations can be formed during this state (Hennevin & Hars, 1992; Maho & Bloch, 1992). For example, pairing two nonawakening intracerebral stimulations during PS allowed the development of a cellular conditioned response in the hippocampus (Maho & Bloch, 1992).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuronal plasticity induced by fear conditioning is expressed during paradoxical sleep: Evidence from simultaneous recordings in the lateral amygdala and the medial geniculate in rats.

Hennevin¹,

Maho²,

Hars³

1998

Behavioral Neuroscience

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The lateral amygdala (LA) and its afferent connections from the medial geniculate (MG) play a pivotal role in auditory fear conditioning. The authors evaluated whether those neurons could express in paradoxical sleep (PS) physiological plasticity acquired in waking. After a habituation session, rats received tone-footshock pairings in 3 sessions. After each session, the tone alone was presented during PS episodes. Multiunit activity was simultaneously recorded in the LA and the medial part of the MG. Both in LA and MG, conditioned responses emerged rapidly (within 5 trials), were expressed with short latency (<20 ms), and were maintained in PS after training. Such changes were not observed in pseudoconditioned rats. These results are discussed regarding the question of the primary sites of plasticity in auditory fear conditioning and regarding the functional significance of preserved expression in PS of learning-induced neuronal plasticity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuronal plasticity induced by fear conditioning is expressed during paradoxical sleep: Evidence from simultaneous recordings in the lateral amygdala and the medial geniculate in rats.

Hennevin¹,

Maho²,

Hars³

1998

Behavioral Neuroscience

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“…Animal studies: Simple conditioning can be obtained in rats during PS, but not during SWS [180] using intracranial brain stimulation as conditioned (CS) and unconditioned (UCS) stimuli [180,181], and this conditioning can be transferred to the awake state [180]. Nevertheless, using a secondorder conditioning procedure, the pairing of nonawakening tone and electrotactile stimulations, leading to a lick suppression response to the tone, could be established both during SWS or PS as efficiently as during wakefulness [182]. Conversely, a heart response conditioned during wakefulness could be expressed during subsequent PS, and evoked discharges in the medial geniculate nucleus in response to a conditioned tone during wakefulness could be obtained at the same level during PS on CS tone presentation [183].…”

Section: Within-sleep Stimulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleeping brain, learning brain. The role of sleep for memory systems

et al. 2001

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The hypothesis that sleep participates in the consolidation of recent memory traces has been investigated using four main paradigms: (1) effects of post-training sleep deprivation on memory consolidation, (2) effects of learning on post-training sleep, (3) effects of within sleep stimulation on the sleep pattern and on overnight memories, and (4) re-expression of behavior-specific neural patterns during post-training sleep. These studies convincingly support the idea that sleep is deeply involved in memory functions in humans and animals. However, the available data still remain too scarce to confirm or reject unequivocally the recently upheld hypothesis that consolidations of non-declarative and declarative memories are respectively dependent upon REM and NREM sleep processes.

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“…First, there are some reports of lowered arousal threshold after a stimulus has acquired significance relative to when the stimulus is neutral (Ciancia, Trigona-Leisinger, & Bloch, 1980; Sano, Matsumoto, & Ishikawa, 1982; Siegel & Langley, 1965). Second, with a second-order conditioning paradigm, it was shown that during PS pairing an initially neutral tone with slight electrotactile stimulation to the ear that had been previously associated with footshock in aversive training induced fear response to the tone when it was subsequently presented to the awake animal (Hennevin & Hars, 1992). The fact that behavioral reactivity to the tone was changed after pairing in PS indicates that both stimuli were detected during this state of sleep.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Learning-induced plasticity in the medial geniculate nucleus is expressed during paradoxical sleep.

Hennevin¹,

Maho²,

Hars³

et al. 1993

Behavioral Neuroscience

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Fear conditioning to an acoustic stimulus produces increases in tone-evoked discharges of neurons in the medial division of the medial geniculate nucleus (MG). This study examined the responses of MG neurons to a conditioned tone presented in paradoxical sleep (PS). After 1 session of habituation to a tone, awake rats underwent conditioning in 3 sessions during which the tone was used as the conditioned stimulus preceding a footshock. Control rats received unpaired presentations of tone and shock. The same tone, which never awakened the animal, was presented during PS following each daily session. Responses of MG neurons to the tone in PS were increased after conditioning. This enhancement was as large as that in waking and was manifested earlier after tone onset than in waking. No change appeared after pseudoconditioning. These results demonstrate that associatively induced plasticity in the MG can be expressed during PS.

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Second-order conditioning during sleep

Cited by 21 publications

References 34 publications

Neuronal plasticity induced by fear conditioning is expressed during paradoxical sleep: Evidence from simultaneous recordings in the lateral amygdala and the medial geniculate in rats.

Neuronal plasticity induced by fear conditioning is expressed during paradoxical sleep: Evidence from simultaneous recordings in the lateral amygdala and the medial geniculate in rats.

Sleeping brain, learning brain. The role of sleep for memory systems

Learning-induced plasticity in the medial geniculate nucleus is expressed during paradoxical sleep.

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