Second Life and the New Generation of Virtual Worlds

Kumar, Samir; Chhugani, Jatin; Kim, Changkyu; Kim, Dae Hyun; Nguyen, Anthony D.; Dubey, Pradeep; Bienia, Christian; Kim, Young‐Min

doi:10.1109/mc.2008.398

Cited by 135 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Different from online games that distribute static game data to users using physical media such as DVDs, virtual worlds consist of user-generated and dynamic inworld objects that can only be downloaded on demand. The bandwidth requirements of virtual worlds therefore are much higher than online games [Kumar et al 2008]. More importantly, our analysis, presented in Section 4, reveals that the bandwidth requirement of a virtual world client highly depends on the avatar's current action and region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Region- and action-aware virtual world clients

Wang

Lin

Hsu

et al. 2013

ACM Trans. Multimedia Comput. Commun. Appl.

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We propose region-and action-aware virtual world clients. To develop such clients, we present a parameterized network traffic model, based on a large collection of Second Life traces gathered by us. Our methodology is also applicable to virtual worlds other than Second Life. With the traffic model, various optimization criteria can be adopted, including visual quality, response time, and energy consumption. We use energy consumption as the show case, and demonstrate via trace-driven simulations that, compared to two existing schemes, a mobile client can save up to 36% and 41% communication energy by selectively turning on its WiFi network interface.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…We consider both cases because viewer cache can significantly reduce network traffic amount [Kumar et al 2008]. We will see, in Section 5, that uncached and cached traces lead to diverse traffic models.…”

Section: Trace Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Region- and action-aware virtual world clients

Wang

Lin

Hsu

et al. 2013

ACM Trans. Multimedia Comput. Commun. Appl.

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“…However, all existing commercial NVE projects are based on a client-server architecture which usually implies poor scalability: constraints are generally added to artificially limit the scale, hiding this defect [16]. For instance, the Second Life world [35] is partitioned into separate regions called "islands", each of them being limited in number of simultaneous users and the World of Warcraft game [36] is splited into separated realms.…”

Section: Realistic Movement Trace Generationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This necessarily implies poor scalability for NVE applications and expensive financial cost for the NVE provider [16,2]. To face these limitations, a new generation of decentralized NVEs based on peer-to-peer overlays has emerged [15,3,4,12,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blue Banana: resilience to avatar mobility in distributed MMOGs

Legtchenko

Monnet

Thomas

2010

2010 IEEE/IFIP International Conference on Dependable Systems &Amp; Networks (DSN)

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Massively Multiplayer Online Games (MMOGs) recently emerged as a popular class of applications with millions of users. To offer acceptable gaming experience, such applications need to render the virtual world surrounding the player with very low latency. However, current state-of-the-art MMOGs based on peer-to-peer overlays fail to satisfy these requirements. This happens because avatar mobility implies many data exchanges through the overlay. As state-of-the-art overlays do not anticipate this mobility, the needed data is not delivered on time, which leads to transient failures at the application level. To solve this problem, we propose Blue Banana, a mechanism that models and predicts avatar movement, allowing the overlay to adapt itself by anticipation to the MMOG needs. Our evaluation is based on large-scale traces derived from Second life. It shows that our anticipation mechanism decreases by 20% the number of transient failures with only a network overhead of 2%.

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“…From this perspective, many rich open systems, formed from networked 3D virtual environments such as online games, non-gaming applications or some entertainment context are all potential (programmable) environments, since they offer sufficient variety to simulate real and semi-real world situations. Second Life [27] is an obvious representative example of a 3D virtual environment: it provides a sophisticated, dynamic and realistic virtual world as if duplicating the modern human society with avatars and 3D objects [26]. Such a virtual world may encourage advances in agent intelligence, through the demands of sensing and interaction, as agents are situated in more and more complex, dynamic or realistic environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decoupling Cognitive Agents and Virtual Environments

Lee

Baines

Padget

2013

Cognitive Agents for Virtual Environments

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Abstract. The development of and accessibility to rich virtual environments, both for recreation and training activities leads to the use of intelligent agents to control avatars (and other entities) in these environments. There is a fundamental tension in such systems between tight integration, for performance and low coupling, for generality, flexibility and extensibility. This paper addresses the engineering issues in connecting agent platforms and other software entities with virtual environments, driven by the following informal requirements: (i) accessibility: we would like (easily) to be able to connect any (legacy) software component with the virtual environment (ii) performance: we want the benefits of decoupling, but not at a high price in performance (iii) distribution: we would like to be able to locate functionality where needed, when necessary, but also be location agnostic otherwise (iv) scalability: we would like to support large-scale and geographically dispersed virtual environments. We start from the position that the basic currency unit of such systems can be events. We describe the Bath Sensor Framework, which is a middleware that attempts to satisfy the above goals and to provide a low-latency linking mechanism between event producers and event consumers, while minimising the effect of coupling of components. We illustrate the framework in two complementary case studies using the Jason agent platform, Second Life and AGAVE (a 3D VE for vehicles). Through these examples, we are able to carry out a preliminary evaluation of the approach against the factors above, against alternative systems and demonstrate effective distributed execution.

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Second Life and the New Generation of Virtual Worlds

Cited by 135 publications

References 4 publications

Region- and action-aware virtual world clients

Region- and action-aware virtual world clients

Blue Banana: resilience to avatar mobility in distributed MMOGs

Decoupling Cognitive Agents and Virtual Environments

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