Second Generation of Antiepileptic Drugs and Oxidative Stress

Kośmider, Kamil; Kamieniak, Maciej; Czuczwar, Stanisław J.; Miziak, Barbara

doi:10.3390/ijms24043873

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 92 publications

(214 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Moreover, LTG has also been shown to have antioxidant properties ( Table 2 ), which contribute to its neuroprotective effects by reducing oxidative stress and increasing cell viability [ 61 ]. Several studies have investigated the impact of LTG on oxidative stress, with malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and concentrations of glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) used as measures of stress intensity.…”

Section: Overview Of Antiepileptic Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Lamotrigine’s Role in the CNS and Possible Future Evolution

Costa

Vale

2023

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The anti-epileptic drug lamotrigine (LTG) has been widely used to treat various neurological disorders, including epilepsy and bipolar disorder. However, its precise mechanism of action in the central nervous system (CNS) still needs to be determined. Recent studies have highlighted the involvement of LTG in modulating the activity of voltage-gated ion channels, particularly those related to the inhibition of neuronal excitability. Additionally, LTG has been found to have neuroprotective effects, potentially through the inhibition of glutamate release and the enhancement of GABAergic neurotransmission. LTG’s unique mechanism of action compared to other anti-epileptic drugs has led to the investigation of its use in treating other CNS disorders, such as neuropathic pain, PTSD, and major depressive disorder. Furthermore, the drug has been combined with other anti-epileptic drugs and mood stabilizers, which may enhance its therapeutic effects. In conclusion, LTG’s potential to modulate multiple neurotransmitters and ion channels in the CNS makes it a promising drug for treating various neurological disorders. As our understanding of its mechanism of action in the CNS continues to evolve, the potential for the drug to be used in new indications will also be explored.

show abstract

Section: Overview Of Antiepileptic Drugsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Lamotrigine’s Role in the CNS and Possible Future Evolution

Costa

Vale

2023

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[84][85][86] Oxidative stress is considered as a possible mechanism in the pathogenesis of epilepsy and epileptogenesis, especially during aging and in conjunction with neuroinflammation. 14,[87][88][89] However, whether ion transport, and especially ion channels implicated in extracellular K + buffering could be a target of oxidative stress and provoke epilepsy during aging is largely unexplored.…”

Section: Kir21 Protein Trafficking To the Plasma Membrane Was Not Alt...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Melatonin protects Kir2.1 function in an oxidative stress‐related model of aging neuroglia

Remigante,

Spinelli,

Zuccolini

et al. 2023

BioFactors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Melatonin is a pleiotropic biofactor and an effective antioxidant and free radical scavenger and, as such, can be protective in oxidative stress‐related brain conditions including epilepsy and aging. To test the potential protective effect of melatonin on brain homeostasis and identify the corresponding molecular targets, we established a new model of oxidative stress‐related aging neuroglia represented by U‐87 MG cells exposed to D‐galactose (D‐Gal). This model was characterized by a substantial elevation of markers of oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and protein oxidation. The function of the inward rectifying K+ channel Kir2.1, which was identified as the main Kir channel endogenously expressed in these cells, was dramatically impaired. Kir2.1 was unlikely a direct target of oxidative stress, but the loss of function resulted from a reduction of protein abundance, with no alterations in transcript levels and trafficking to the cell surface. Importantly, melatonin reverted these changes. All findings, including the melatonin antioxidant effect, were reproduced in heterologous expression systems. We conclude that the glial Kir2.1 can be a target of oxidative stress and further suggest that inhibition of its function might alter the extracellular K+ buffering in the brain, therefore contributing to neuronal hyperexcitability and epileptogenesis during aging. Melatonin can play a protective role in this context.

show abstract

“…The most known side effects are diplopia, dizziness, ataxia and nausea and somnolence and rash. 9 However, a study found no evidence of the therapeutic role of LTG in neuropathic pain & fibromyalgia. 10 Fluvoxamine (FLX) is an antidepressant, functions as an inhibitor of reuptake of serotonin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Nociceptive Outcomes of Anticonvulsant/Antidepressant Medicines in the Management of Formalin Induced Pain in Group of Mice

Sidra Shah,

Ayesha Shaukat

2024

Pak Postgrad Med J.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Anti-depressant are used to treat various disorders like neuropathic pain, migraine etc. Anticonvulsant drugs may have a role in the modulation of changes include inhibition of voltage gated ion channels at sites of spinal, supraspinal and peripheral. Objectives: An experimental observational study was carried out to find the role of anti-nociceptive outcomes of anticonvulsant/antidepressant medicines in the management of formalin induced pain in group of mice. Methods: A total of 20 albino mice weighed 20-30 gm. were taken from animal dwelling of The University of Lahore. Formalin induced pain was judged by observing the lifting of paw and behavior. Animals were divided in 4 groups (five mice in each group) group no 1: Control, group no 2: Paracetamol, group no 3: Fluvoxamine, group no 4: Lamotrigine. After given the doses of drugs, 5.0 % formalin solution was injected. Number of counts of licking paw and paw-lifting of mice during first phase and second phase was noted. Percentage effectiveness was calculated by the formula. The palliative action of the medicine was evaluated by calculating the latency moment in reaction to stimulus of heat. The animals were positioned on hot plate at time interval zero min, 30 min, 60 min and 90 min subsequent the administration of medicine. The Latency time until animal began either jumping or licking was noted. Percentage of maximum possible effects (MPE) is calculated by formula. Conclusion: Our study shows the anti-nociceptive outcomes of fluvoxamine & lamotrigine in the management of formalin induced pain in group of mice

show abstract

Second Generation of Antiepileptic Drugs and Oxidative Stress

Cited by 12 publications

References 92 publications

Understanding Lamotrigine’s Role in the CNS and Possible Future Evolution

Understanding Lamotrigine’s Role in the CNS and Possible Future Evolution

Melatonin protects Kir2.1 function in an oxidative stress‐related model of aging neuroglia

Anti-Nociceptive Outcomes of Anticonvulsant/Antidepressant Medicines in the Management of Formalin Induced Pain in Group of Mice

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About