Second generation anthropomorphic physical phantom for mammography and DBT: Incorporating voxelized 3D printing and inkjet printing of iodinated lesion inserts

Sikaria, Dhiraj; Musinsky, Stephanie; Sturgeon, Gregory M.; Solomon, Justin; Diao, Andrew; Gehm, Michael E.; Samei, Ehsan; Glick, Stephen J.; Lo, Joseph Y.

doi:10.1117/12.2217667

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…This may affect the range of detectable disks within the phantom, which in turn may limit the clinical relevance with regards to certain fine image details; an active area of work is in voxelized printing, which may enable fabrication of high-resolution virtual models. 35 The present work involved a single breast phantom with one anatomical landscape. In the study, we broach the problem by translating and rotating the CD insert to sample 16 different backgrounds per size and contrast combination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing task performance in FFDM, DBT, and synthetic mammography using uniform and anthropomorphic physical phantoms

et al. 2016

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This study shows that an anthropomorphic phantom and lesions inserts may be used to conduct a reader study. Detectability was significantly lower for synthetic mammography than for FFDM or DBT, for all conditions. Additionally, observer performance was consistently lower for the anthropomorphic phantom, indicating the greater challenge due to anatomical background. Because of this, it may be important to use realistic phantoms in observer studies in order to draw conclusions that are more clinically relevant.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing task performance in FFDM, DBT, and synthetic mammography using uniform and anthropomorphic physical phantoms

et al. 2016

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“…It was found that for mammography energies (between 22 kV and 32 kV), acrylic-based photopolymers are suitable to mimic the properties of the glandular breast tissue (Carton et al 2010). To increase the linear attenuation coefficient of the photopolymer materials, they were doped with concentrations of the nanoscale TiO 2 (Sikaria et al 2016) and with calcium, iodine and zinc (Zhao et al 2017), and found that zinc-doping can potentially increase attenuation to 100% breast density and beyond. For the same photon energies, the x-ray properties of the materials used by stereolithographic 3D printers were found similar to these of the PMMA (Clark et al 2016).…”

Section: Danail Ivanovmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suitability of low density materials for 3D printing of physical breast phantoms

et al. 2018

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Breast physical phantoms are a basic tool for the assessment and verification of performance standards in daily clinical practice of x-ray breast imaging modalities. They are also invaluable in testing and evaluation of new x-ray breast modalities to be potentially established, e.g. breast computed tomography, dual-energy breast CT and phase-contrast mammography and tomography. Nowadays, there is a lack or there are only a limited number of breast physical phantoms available for this purpose.The aim of this study is to explore a range of 3D printing materials such as resins, PLA, ABS, Nylon etc, to determine their attenuation and refractive properties, and to finally compare them to the properties of the breast tissues: adipose, glandular and skin.To achieve this goal, step-wedge phantoms were computationally modeled and then manufactured using stereolithographic and fused-deposition modeling technologies. X-ray images of the phantoms were acquired, using monochromatic beam at ID17, ESRF, Grenoble for three energies-30 keV, 45 keV and 60 keV. Experimental data were further processed to obtain the linear attenuation coefficients of these materials. Comparison with theoretical data for the linear attenuation coefficients and the refractive indexes for breast tissues was performed.From the studied materials, most of the resins, Nylon, Hybrid, PET-G show absorption properties close to the glandular tissue, while ABS shows absorption characteristics close to these of the adipose tissue. For phase-contrast imaging, it turns out that the ABS combined with resin-based materials to represent the adipose and glandular tissues, respectively may be a good combination for manufacturing of a phantom suitable for these studies.These results can be used for the design and the construction of a new physical anthropomorphic phantom of the breast with improved anatomical and radiological characteristics dedicated for advanced mammography imaging techniques implemented at higher photon energies.

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“…We have used 3D printing to develop some physical breast phantoms based on our segmented bCT datasets . However, due to the relatively high cost of the 3D printing it is unlikely that the need for diverse physical breast phantoms will exceed the number of virtual breast phantoms available from segmented bCT images.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthetic breast phantoms from patient based eigenbreasts

Sturgeon

Park²,

Segars

et al. 2017

Medical Physics

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Purpose The limited number of 3D patient-based breast phantoms available could be augmented by synthetic breast phantoms in order to facilitate virtual clinical trials using model observers for breast imaging optimization and evaluation. Methods These synthetic breast phantoms were developed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to reduce the number of dimensions needed to describe a training set of images. PCA decomposed a training set of M breast CT volumes (with millions of voxels each) into an M-1-dimensional space of eigenvectors, which we call eigenbreasts. Each of the training breast phantoms was compactly represented by the mean image plus a weighted sum of eigenbreasts. The distribution of weights observed from training was then sampled to create new synthesized breast phantoms. Results The resulting synthesized breast phantoms demonstrated a high degree of realism, as supported by an observer study. Two out of three experienced physicist observers were unable to distinguish between the synthesized breast phantoms and the patient-based phantoms. The fibroglandular density and noise power law exponent of the synthesized breast phantoms agreed well with the training data. Conclusions Our method extends our series of digital breast phantoms based on breast CT data, providing the capability to generate new, statistically varying ensembles consisting of tens of thousands of virtual subjects. This work represents an important step towards conducting future virtual trials for task-based assessment of breast imaging, where it is vital to have a large ensemble of realistic phantoms for statistical power as well as clinical relevance.

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Second generation anthropomorphic physical phantom for mammography and DBT: Incorporating voxelized 3D printing and inkjet printing of iodinated lesion inserts

Cited by 11 publications

References 5 publications

Assessing task performance in FFDM, DBT, and synthetic mammography using uniform and anthropomorphic physical phantoms

Assessing task performance in FFDM, DBT, and synthetic mammography using uniform and anthropomorphic physical phantoms

Suitability of low density materials for 3D printing of physical breast phantoms

Synthetic breast phantoms from patient based eigenbreasts

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