Second cancers in patients with male breast cancer: a literature review

Grenader, Tal; Goldberg, Anthony; Shavit, Linda

doi:10.1007/s11764-008-0042-5

Cited by 23 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…Outside of prostate cancer, there is some suggestion that MBC may be associated with leukemia and cancers of the small intestine, rectum, and pancreas. 20–22 Other links between MBC and distinct malignancies may result from the presence of a BRCA- deficiency; these are addressed elsewhere in this manuscript. Finally, the association between breast cancer and meningioma in females does not appear to exist in males.…”

Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Male breast cancer: An update in diagnosis, treatment and molecular profiling

et al. 2010

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Significant advances have been made in the diagnosis and treatment of female breast cancer, resulting in a decline in incidence and a global improvement in clinical outcome. The statistics for male breast cancer (MBC) stand in sharp contrast – over the past several decades, there has been a steady rise in the incidence of this disease, and clinical outcome has improved at a much slower pace. In the current review, the clinicopathologic features of MBC are described in detail. An emphasis is placed on molecular profiling of MBC, which may identify candidate biomarkers and putative targets for pharmacologic intervention. The current role of cytotoxic chemotherapy and endocrine therapy (including tamoxifen, aromatase inhibitors and GnRH analogues) is defined in the context of currently available studies. Furthermore, the potential role of targeted agents, including HER2-directed therapies, PARP inhibitors, and angiogenesis inhibitors, is delineated.

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Section: Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Male breast cancer: An update in diagnosis, treatment and molecular profiling

et al. 2010

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“…The age frequency distribution is unimodal, with a peak at 71 years and a median age of onset approximately 5-10 years later in men than in women [3]. Genetic, hormonal and environmental factors all play a role in the etiology of MBC [4]. Proportionately, MBC is more commonly hormone receptor positive [estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor] than female breast cancers (FBCs), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 overexpression and/or amplification appear less frequent in MBC [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The 21-Gene Recurrence Score Assay (Oncotype DX™) in Estrogen Receptor-Positive Male Breast Cancer: Experience in an Israeli Cohort

et al. 2014

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Objective: The 21-gene recurrence score (RS) assay has been widely adopted for use in early estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer to assess the risk for distant recurrence and the potential benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy. The primary aim of this study was to assess RS distribution in Israeli male breast cancer (MBC) patients. Methods: The study population included 65 newly diagnosed Israeli MBC patients. Clinical and pathologic data were collected at the time of referral. Pathologic examinations were conducted at the pathology departments of the referring centers. The RS assay (Oncotype DX™) was performed on paraffin-embedded tumor samples at Genomic Health laboratories. Results: The mean age of the patients was 65.1 years (range 38-88 years). Low-risk (RS <18), intermediate-risk (RS 18-30) and high-risk (RS ≥31) scores were noted in 29 patients (44.6%), 27 patients (41.5%) and 9 patients (13.9%), respectively. The distribution of RS in male patients was similar to the distribution in 2,455 female patients from Israel referred during the same time period. Conclusion: Our data suggest that the distribution of Oncotype DX RS in ER-positive MBC patients is similar to that of female breast cancer patients.

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“…Actually, there is a theoretical association; the aromatase inhibitor used in MBC treatment increases serum testosterone levels and enables the growth and proliferation of prostate cancer clones (38). Apart from prostate cancer, there are studies that support the association of MBC with leukemia, pancreas, small intestine and rectum malignancies (39)(40)(41). Various epidemiologic studies have been performed (42), professional exposure to certain chemicals such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (43)(44)(45) and electromagnetic field (46,47) were detected as potential factors in the development of male breast cancer (4,48,49).…”

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Male Breast Cancer

Yalaza¹,

2016

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IntroductionOver the past two decades, major improvements have been achieved in the understanding of breast cancer, and cure can be offered if the disease is diagnosed at an early stage. However, the disease is more often diagnosed at more advanced stages (3 or 4) in men, in contrast to women. Its rarity among men as well as lack of awareness leads to its detection at later stages. Randomized studies cannot be carried on due to the low incidence of breast cancer in males, with only a few published prospective therapeutic studies in the literature. While the information on male breast cancer (MBC) was obtained from retrospective studies, the recommendations for treatment were derived from studies conducted on female breast cancer (1). This review presents the frequency, etiology, clinical-pathological characteristics and treatment approaches for the rare MBC. Epidemiology-EtiologyMale breast cancer is rare and constitutes 0.5-1% of all patients with breast cancer. The reason of the low incidence rate in men is the relatively low amount of breast tissue along with the difference in their hormonal environment. Even though breast tissue is less in men as compared to women, the factors that influence malignant changes are similar. The Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Result (SEER) Program reported that the incidence of breast cancer was highest at ages 52-71 during 1973-2000, whereas the peak incidence in males was 71 years (2). In fact, some authors state that MBC imitate the behavioral pattern of post-menopausal female breast cancer. The incidence of breast cancer in males and females has increased in the past 25 years. International Association of Cancer Registries (IACR) emphasized this increase and stated that the incidence of female breast cancer increased by 20%, while breast cancer-related deaths increased by 14%. The SEER data also showed that the rate that was 1.1 for 100.000 men in the mid-1970s and raised to 1.44 for 100.000 men by 2010 (3). In USA, 2240 men were diagnosed with breast cancer within the year 2013. The lifetime rate of diagnosis with male breast cancer is 1 in 1000. According to the IACR Turkey data, 0.37% of all cancer types among males are breast cancer (4, 5). IACR has published its new cancer estimates for the year 2012. The most recent cancer estimates for 28 cancer types in 184 countries, which record cancer data, have been made available for users on the GLOBOCAN 2012 website (6).The rate of presentation with advanced stage breast cancer has been decreasing in men. As a matter of fact, a study conducted in 1995 reported the rate of Stage 1-2 disease on diagnosis as 70%, whereas it was reported as 67% in 2010 and 82% in 2015 (7-9). MBC constitutes less than 1% of male cancers and it has a varying rate of incidence across different geographies and ethnic groups (10, 11). Its annual prevalence in Europe is 1 in 10.000 men and these cases constitute less than 1% of all patients with breast cancer (4). However, this rate is above 6% in Central African countries (12). This relatively hig...

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Second cancers in patients with male breast cancer: a literature review

Abstract: Although the incidence of second primary cancer in patients with primary male breast cancer requires further study, male breast cancer survivors should probably undergo periodic screening for the early detection of second breast cancers and other adverse health effects.

Cited by 23 publications

References 33 publications

Male breast cancer: An update in diagnosis, treatment and molecular profiling

Male breast cancer: An update in diagnosis, treatment and molecular profiling

The 21-Gene Recurrence Score Assay (Oncotype DX™) in Estrogen Receptor-Positive Male Breast Cancer: Experience in an Israeli Cohort

Male Breast Cancer

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