“Sebocytes’ makeup” - Novel mechanisms and concepts in the physiology of the human sebaceous glands

Tóth, Balázs István; Oláh, Attila; Szöllősi, Attila Gábor; Czifra, Gabriella; Bı́ró, Tamás

doi:10.1007/s00424-011-0941-6

Cited by 63 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 167 publications

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“…In the anterior nares, both epithelial cells and local immune cells, such as neutrophils and natural killer (NK)-cells, produce antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and proteins, which form the first-line defence against invading microbes and coordinate downstream immune signalling [42]. Moreover, various fatty acids produced by the epidermis exhibit antimicrobial activity against for example S. aureus [43,44]. Microbial homeostasis in the anterior nares is additionally governed by cellular elements of immune system as illustrated by a study on nasal decolonization of S. aureus in mice, which was shown to be T-cell dependent and reliant on upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-17A [45].…”

Section: The Human Upper Respiratory Tract Niches: the Anterior Naresmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of the local microbial ecosystem in respiratory health and disease

Piters

Sanders

Bogaert

2015

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

216

199

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One contribution of 17 to a theme issue 'Within-host dynamics of infection: from ecological insights to evolutionary predictions'. Respiratory tract infections are a major global health concern, accounting for high morbidity and mortality, especially in young children and elderly individuals. Traditionally, highly common bacterial respiratory tract infections, including otitis media and pneumonia, were thought to be caused by a limited number of pathogens including Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae. However, these pathogens are also frequently observed commensal residents of the upper respiratory tract (URT) and form-together with harmless commensal bacteria, viruses and fungi-intricate ecological networks, collectively known as the 'microbiome'. Analogous to the gut microbiome, the respiratory microbiome at equilibrium is thought to be beneficial to the host by priming the immune system and providing colonization resistance, while an imbalanced ecosystem might predispose to bacterial overgrowth and development of respiratory infections. We postulate that specific ecological perturbations of the bacterial communities in the URT can occur in response to various lifestyle or environmental effectors, leading to diminished colonization resistance, loss of containment of newly acquired or resident pathogens, preluding bacterial overgrowth, ultimately resulting in local or systemic bacterial infections. Here, we review the current body of literature regarding nichespecific upper respiratory microbiota profiles within human hosts and the changes occurring within these profiles that are associated with respiratory infections.

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Section: The Human Upper Respiratory Tract Niches: the Anterior Naresmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of the local microbial ecosystem in respiratory health and disease

Piters

Sanders

Bogaert

2015

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

216

199

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“…According to the previous studies (5,12), the differentiation of sebocytes can be divided into six stages (Fig. S1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Flavonoids are natural products known for their beneficial effects on health, especially for vascular disease and cancer prevention (5,6). Numerous flavonoids have been classified according to their chemical structure (7).…”

Section: Accepted For Publication 26 April 2012mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced size of sebaceous gland and altered sebum lipid composition in mice lacking fatty acid binding protein 5 gene

Sugawara¹,

Nemoto

Adachi

et al. 2012

Experimental Dermatology

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Fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) are capable of binding long‐chain FA and are involved in intracellular FA transport and signal transduction. In sebaceous glands, FABP5 is highly expressed in differentiated sebocytes; though, its function remains unclear. In this study, we examined the role of FABP5 in sebocytes using FABP5‐deficient mice. The size of sebaceous glands was significantly reduced, while the sebum volume was increased with altered lipid composition in FABP5‐deficient mice. However, no significant differences were discerned in the expression of proliferation or differentiation markers including Blimp1, c‐myc, Ki67 and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptors (PPAR)γ between wild‐type and FABP5‐deficient sebaceous glands. The expression of cellular retinoic acid binding protein‐2 (CRABP2) that is a competitor of FABP5 for RA signalling was increased in FABP5‐deficient mice. These results suggest that FABP5 is involved in the regulation of sebaceous gland activity through modulation of cellular lipid signalling and/or metabolism in the sebocytes.

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“…or immune cells (interleukins, chemokines, etc.). Importantly, the majority of these mediators possess marked pruritogenic potentials [5,8,41,46,[109][110][111].…”

Section: Inflammatory Mediators As Peripheral Itch Sensitizersmentioning

confidence: 99%

TRP Channels and Pruritus

Tóth¹,

Bı́ró²

2013

TOPAINJ

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Itch (pruritus) is one of the most often seen sensory phenomena in clinical practice. Recent neurophysiological findings proposed the existence of a novel pruriceptive system which includes a multitude of pruritogenic (itch-inducing) peripheral mediators, itch-selective pruriceptors, sensory afferent networks, spinal cord neurons, and certain central nervous system regions. In this review, we first introduce major features of the pruriceptive system. We then focus on defining the roles of transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels in skin-coupled itch and provide compelling evidence that certain thermosensitive TRP channels (especially TRPV1, TRPV3, TRPV4, and TRPA1) are indeed key players in pruritus pathogenesis. Finally, we propose TRP-centered future experimental directions towards the therapeutic targeting of TRP channels in the clinical management of itch.

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“Sebocytes’ makeup” - Novel mechanisms and concepts in the physiology of the human sebaceous glands

Cited by 63 publications

References 167 publications

The role of the local microbial ecosystem in respiratory health and disease

The role of the local microbial ecosystem in respiratory health and disease

Reduced size of sebaceous gland and altered sebum lipid composition in mice lacking fatty acid binding protein 5 gene

TRP Channels and Pruritus

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