Sebaceous carcinoma of the eyelids: Thirty cases from Japan

Miki, Izumi; Mukai, Kiyoshi; Nagai, Takeshi; Matsubayashi, Jun; Iwaya, Keiichi; Chiu, Chih‐Yung; Gotô, Hiroshi

doi:10.1111/j.1440-1827.2008.02260.x

Cited by 60 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In the past, Oil Red O was used to identify intracytoplasmic lipids in sebaceous lesions in fresh frozen tissue; however, standard permanent tissue processing extracts the intracellular lipids and often nonspecifically highlights macrophages and nonlipid laden cells in the background stroma. 5,6 The use of immunohistochemical markers may indeed represent a practical solution to diagnose these tumors correctly. Many studies have analyzed conventional markers such as EMA, Ber-EP4, androgen receptor, CK7, P53, etc; but, these studies have shown variable results, and the markers have mostly been analyzed individually rather than as part of a comprehensive panel.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Immunohistochemistry in the Diagnosis of Sebaceous Carcinoma

Plaza

Mackinnon

Carrillo³

et al. 2015

The American Journal of Dermatopathology

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Sebaceous carcinoma (SC) is a relatively uncommon malignant epithelial neoplasm with a predilection for the periocular region. The diagnosis of SC can be difficult to make at initial presentation, as it can clinically and histopathologically resemble other common benign and malignant epithelial lesions. A diagnosis of SC is made by confirmation of sebaceous differentiation of neoplastic cells, which can often be accomplished by conventional microscopic findings; however, its recognition may be sometimes difficult and requires ancillary studies such as immunohistochemistry (IHC). Many studies have evaluated the role of IHC as a potential technique to differentiate SC from its mimics; however, most of these studies have used a limited panel of antibodies with variable results. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of IHC in the diagnosis of SC and to provide some guidelines for interpretation in the diagnosis of these neoplasms. We studied 27 cases of SC with a broad panel of IHC markers using a tissue microarray technique. We also studied 21 control cases of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and 22 control cases of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Representative tissue cores were taken and processed from each case, and the tissue microarrays were stained by standard methods using antibodies to EMA, CK7, Ber-EP4, Factor XIIIA, androgen receptor, p53, adipophilin, progesterone receptor membrane component 1 (PGRMC1), squalene synthase (SQS), and alpha/beta hydrolase domain-containing protein 5 (ABHD5). Our studies show that EMA was expressed in all cases of SC, CK7 was expressed in 24 of 27 cases, Ber-EP4 was expressed in 7 of 27 cases, Factor XIIIA was negative in all cases, androgen receptor was expressed in 9 of 27 cases, P53 was expressed in 12 of 27 cases, adipophilin was expressed in all cases, PGRMC1 was expressed in 22 of 27 cases, SQS was expressed in 11 of 27 cases, and ABHD5 was expressed in 9 of 27 cases. EMA was negative in all cases of BCC, CK7 was expressed in 6 of 21 cases, Ber-EP4 was expressed in 21 of 21 cases, Factor XIIIA was negative in all cases, androgen receptor was expressed in 3 of 21 cases, P53 was expressed in 4 of 21 cases, adipophilin, PGRMC1, SQS, and ABHD5 were negative in all cases of BCC. Similarly, EMA was expressed in 16 of 22 cases of SCC, CK7 was expressed in 2 of 22 cases, Ber-EP4, Factor XIIIA, and androgen receptor were negative in all cases, P53 was expressed in 3 of 22 cases, adipophilin, PGRMC1, SQS, and ABHD5 were negative in all cases of SCC. Our study indicates that adipophilin represents a sensitive and reliable marker for the diagnosis of SC and can be of help in separating this tumor from some of its mimics. Additionally, inclusion of various epithelial markers in the panel will be of help if adequately used. Other antibodies against the PAT family of lipid droplet-associated proteins including PGRMC1, SQS, and ABHD5 were not as sensitive as adipophilin for identifying sebaceous differentiation and may therefore not be as useful for differential diagnosis as adi...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Immunohistochemistry in the Diagnosis of Sebaceous Carcinoma

Plaza

Mackinnon

Carrillo³

et al. 2015

The American Journal of Dermatopathology

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“…[60][61][62] Immunohistochemical staining with (Table 6) AR, CK7, CAM5.2, CD10, CD15, D2-40, EMA, and p63 had variable success. 9,12,22,42,[56][57][58][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70] Adipophilin has been shown to be more sensitive than oil red O in detecting intracellular lipids in sebaceous carcinoma. 57,63,68 BerEP4 highlights 80% of sebaceous carcinomas, whereas negative in SCC cases.…”

Section: Sebaceous Carcinoma Versus Squamous Cell Carcinomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Immunohistochemistry in Diagnosing Tumors of Cutaneous Appendages

Hoang

2011

The American Journal of Dermatopathology

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In recent years, there has been significant progress in immunohistochemistry as an ancillary tool in diagnostic dermatopathology. In most instances, the histologic diagnosis can be rendered with the routine histologic sections; however, immunohistochemistry can help to narrow the differential in diagnosing neoplasms of cutaneous appendages in some settings including adnexal versus epidermal origin, benign versus malignant adnexal neoplasms, and primary adnexal carcinoma versus cutaneous metastases as outlined in this review.

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“…Mrozinski 25 has shown that perilipin positivity distinguishes liposarcoma from other sarcomas. For sebaceous carcinoma of the eyelids, perilipin, adipophilin, and TIP47 staining have been shown to visualize specifically holocrine secretion 24,29 and antibodies against perilipin, adipophilin, and TIP47 are already used for the immunohistochemical diagnosis of this tumor entity. In clear cell renal cell carcinoma, adipophilin expression has been correlated with good prognosis, and transcription of adipophilin may be regulated by the von Hippel-Lindau factor/ hypoxia-inducible pathway and responsible for the typical appearance of clear cell renal cell carcinoma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid droplet-associated PAT-proteins show frequent and differential expression in neoplastic steatogenesis

et al. 2010

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In many human cancers, lipogenic pathways are activated; in some tumors, such as hepatocellular carcinoma, this is reflected by the presence of visible lipid droplets. Yet, the biology of steatogenesis in malignant tumors is largely unknown. We have recently shown that lipid droplet-associated proteins of the PAT-family, named after their constituents perilipin (perilipin 1), adipophilin (perilipin 2), and TIP47 (perilipin 3) are differentially expressed in hepatic steatogenesis. We have comprehensively investigated PAT-expression in neoplastic steatogenesis as well as in respective normal tissues with immunohistology and electron microscopy as well as protein biochemical and molecular biological methods. By staining for PAT-proteins, we found lipid droplet accumulation to be a frequent phenomenon of carcinoma cells. Although adipophilin and TIP47 stained almost ubiquitously the rim of lipid droplets in various tumor types, especially those with clear cell phenotype, perilipin was restricted to lipid droplets of hepatocellular adenoma and carcinoma, sebaceous adenoma and carcinoma, and lipomatous tumors. In hepatocellular carcinoma, perilipin, adipophilin, and TIP47 were coexpressed, and showed regional heterogeneity with a predominantly mutually exclusive localization pattern. In step-wise carcinogenesis, adipophilin expression correlated with the proliferation rate and was upregulated during early tumorigenesis, whereas perilipin was often lost during hepatocarcinogenesis. In conclusion, expression analysis of PAT-proteins showed that by far more carcinomas contain (PAT-positive) lipid droplets than expected by conventional light microscopy. PAT-proteins, such as perilipin, are differentially expressed in different tumor types and thus may support diagnostic considerations. Because inhibition of lipogenesis has been shown to exert antineoplastic effects, PAT-proteins may represent targets for interventive strategies.

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Sebaceous carcinoma of the eyelids: Thirty cases from Japan

Cited by 60 publications

References 14 publications

Role of Immunohistochemistry in the Diagnosis of Sebaceous Carcinoma

Role of Immunohistochemistry in the Diagnosis of Sebaceous Carcinoma

Role of Immunohistochemistry in Diagnosing Tumors of Cutaneous Appendages

Lipid droplet-associated PAT-proteins show frequent and differential expression in neoplastic steatogenesis

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