Seated stepping exercise in a dual-task condition improves ambulatory function with a secondary task: a randomized controlled trial

Yamada, Minoru; Aoyama, Tomoki; Tanaka, Buichi; Nagai, Koutatsu; Ichihashi, Noriaki

doi:10.1007/bf03337763

Cited by 29 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Table 1 for the search strategy). Based on titles, studies in languages other than English were excluded (n=1; 78) along with case reports (n=4; [1,6,47,65]), studies not concerning motor training interventions to improve standing or walking tasks (n=17; [7, 8, 10, 13, 18, 42-44, 46, 49, 54, 64, 68, 71, 81, 90, 91, 97]), not using a pre-post test or agecomparison design, (n=4: [22,40,89,98]), not conducted with older adults (n=1; [37]) or not focusing healthy older adults (n =6; [3,22,24,82,99,100]) were also excluded (cf. Table 5 for excluded studies in the Annex).…”

Section: Selection Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Training effects on motor–cognitive dual-task performance in older adults

Wollesen

Voelcker‐Rehage

2013

Eur Rev Aging Phys Act

160

152

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This systematic review investigated whether healthy older adults benefit from training interventions in motor-cognitive dual-task (DT) situations and which specific aspects of the intervention and/or task selection contribute to training benefits. Training effects were analysed with regard to the training programme (e.g., general ST or DT training) and task conditions (e.g., standing or walking, complexity of secondary cognitive task). Literature was searched via OVIDsp (Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO). DT studies were included by the following criteria: (1) investigation of at least one motor task, (2) assessment of DT performance outcomes on standing or walking, (3) conduction of an intervention, and (4) investigation of older adults in an experimental-control group design or an old-young comparison. Thirteen studies met all inclusion criteria. Four types of interventions were identified: (1) general single-task (ST) motor training, (2) specific ST motor training, (3) general DT training, and (4) task-related (specific) DT training. For DT standing conditions only DT interventions improved motor performance, whereas DT walking also benefits by ST training. Most benefits on motor and cognitive performance seem to be reached by DT training interventions whereas a GST produced lowest effects. Thus, balance orientated motor and cognitive DT performance in healthy older adults can be improved by performance related exercises. Furthermore, to reach beneficial effects, it seems necessary that the training intervention includes a certain level of exercise load such as rising difficulties, appropriate intensity and duration, a certain level of task specificity, and variable task prioritization. The transfer of training effects into everyday situations needs to be further investigated.

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Section: Selection Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Training effects on motor–cognitive dual-task performance in older adults

Wollesen

Voelcker‐Rehage

2013

Eur Rev Aging Phys Act

160

152

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“…[21] , and 2 studies involved seated exercises [55,56] . Cognitive activities used in the dual-task interventions included counting forwards [16,47] or backwards [5,47,50] , reciting letters of the alphabet [16] , naming words in a particular category [5,16,50,55,56] , spelling backwards [5,50] , and n-back and serial position working memory tasks [51] . Motor-motor dual-tasks as part of the interventions were not always specified but included walking while buttoning and unbuttoning or carrying a tray with glasses of water [47] and balancing while catching and throwing a ball [21] .…”

Section: Sample Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, of the 21 studies, 17 assessed gait performance using walking speed [16,18,[44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58] . Other measures of gait performance included gait variability (e.g., variability in stride/step duration or stride length) [21,43,45,51,53,54] , cadence [17,18,47,[52][53][54] , step duration [17,18,54] , stride duration [18,52] , step length [17,18,45,47] , stride length [18,52] , single support duration [18,52] , double support duration [18,47,53,54] , support base [53] , distance walked in 1 min [42] , and number of steps over 10 m …”

Section: Dual-task Outcome Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Physical Exercise Interventions on Gait-Related Dual-Task Interference in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Plummer¹,

Zukowski²,

Giuliani³

et al. 2015

Gerontology

126

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Dual-task interference during walking can substantially limit mobility and increase the risk of falls among community-dwelling older adults. Previous systematic reviews examining intervention effects on dual-task gait and mobility have not assessed relative dual-task costs (DTC) or investigated whether there are differences in treatment-related changes based on the type of dual task or the type of control group. The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the effects of physical exercise interventions on dual-task performance during walking in older adults. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) compared treatment effects between physical exercise intervention and control groups on single- and dual-task gait speed and relative DTC on gait speed. A systematic search of the literature was conducted using the electronic databases PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, Web of Science, and PsycINFO searched up to September 19, 2014. Randomized, nonrandomized, and uncontrolled studies published in English and involving older adults were selected. Studies had to include a physical exercise intervention protocol and measure gait parameters during continuous, unobstructed walking in single- and dual-task conditions before and after the intervention. Of 614 abstracts, 21 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the systematic review. Fourteen RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. The mean difference between the intervention and control groups significantly favored the intervention for single-task gait speed (mean difference: 0.06 m/s, 95% CI: 0.03, 0.10, p < 0.001), dual-task gait speed (mean difference: 0.11 m/s, 95% CI 0.07, 0.15, p < 0.001), and DTC on gait speed (mean difference: 5.23%, 95% CI 1.40, 9.05, p = 0.007). Evidence from subgroup comparisons showed no difference in treatment-related changes between cognitive-motor and motor-motor dual tasks, or when interventions were compared to active or inactive controls. In summary, physical exercise interventions can improve dual-task walking in older adults primarily by increasing the speed at which individuals walk in dual-task conditions. Currently, evidence concerning whether physical exercise interventions reduce DTC or alter the self-selected dual-task strategy during unobstructed walking is greatly lacking, mainly due to the failure of studies to measure and report reciprocal dual-task effects on the non-gait task.

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“…The results of this trial suggested that the seated stepping exercise program was indeed effective at improving DT walking ability (Yamada et al, 2010a).…”

Section: Seated Stepping Exercisementioning

confidence: 82%

“…DT walking is associated with falls in the robust elderly population, and thus this population should be given the rhythmic stepping exercise (Yamada et al, 2011e). DT walking and muscle strength are associated with falls in the intermediate elderly population, and thus this population should be given the seated stepping exercise (Yamada et al, 2010a). Muscle strength and DT walking are associated with falls in the pre-frail elderly population (Yamada et al, 2010b) and thus this population should be given the trail walking exercise.…”

Section: Different Factors Related To Fall Incidentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailor-Made Programs for Preventive Falls that Match the Level of Physical Well-Being in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Yamada¹,

Aoyama²,

Arai³

2012

Geriatrics

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Seated stepping exercise in a dual-task condition improves ambulatory function with a secondary task: a randomized controlled trial

Abstract: This RCT suggests that the seated stepping exercise is more effective at improving ambulatory function in DT conditions than in ST conditions.

Cited by 29 publications

References 20 publications

Training effects on motor–cognitive dual-task performance in older adults

Training effects on motor–cognitive dual-task performance in older adults

Effects of Physical Exercise Interventions on Gait-Related Dual-Task Interference in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Tailor-Made Programs for Preventive Falls that Match the Level of Physical Well-Being in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

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