SEASTAR: A Mission to Study Ocean Submesoscale Dynamics and Small-Scale Atmosphere-Ocean Processes in Coastal, Shelf and Polar Seas

Gommenginger, Christine; Chapron, Bertrand; Hogg, Andrew McC.; Buckingham, Christian E.; Fox‐Kemper, Baylor; Eriksson, Leif; Soulat, F.; Ubelmann, Clément; Ocampo‐Torres, Francisco J.; Nardelli, Bruno Buongiorno; Griffin, David A.; López‐Dekker, Paco; Knudsen, Per; Andersen, Ole; Stenseng, Lars; Stapleton, Neil; Perrie, William; Violante-Carvalho, Nelson; Schulz‐Stellenfleth, Johannes; Woolf, David; Isern‐Fontanet, Jordi; Ardhuin, Fabrice; Klein, Patrice; Mouche, Alexis; Pascual, Ananda; Capet, Xavier; Hauser, Danièle; Stoffelen, Ad; Morrow, Rosemary; Aouf, Lotfi; Breivik, Øyvind; Fu, Lee‐Lueng; Johannessen, Johnny A.; Aksenov, Yevgeny; Bricheno, Lucy; Hirschi, Joël; Martin, Adrien; Martin, Adrian P.; Nurser, George; Polton, Jeff; Wolf, Judith; Johnsen, Harald; Soloviev, Alexander; Jacobs, Gregg A.; Collard, Fabrice; Groom, Steve; Kudryavtsev, V. N.; Wilkin, John; Navarro, Victor; Babanin, A. V.; Martin, Matthew J.; Siddorn, John; Saulter, Andrew; Rippeth, Tom P.; Emery, Bill; Maximenko, Nikolai; Romeiser, Roland; Graber, Hans C.; Azcarate, Aïda Alvera; Hughes, Chris W.; Vandemark, D.; Silva, José António Pereira da; Leeuwen, Peter Jan van; Garabato, Alberto C. Naveira; Gemmrich, Johannes; Mahadevan, Amala; Márquez, José Antonio Cobos; Munro, Y.; Doody, Sam; Burbidge, Geoff

doi:10.3389/fmars.2019.00457

Cited by 51 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In particular, the high-sensitivity of the cross-polarization signal inspired future mission concepts (Fois et al, 2015), and EUMETSAT (European Organization for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites) together with ESA (European Space Agency) now plan to add a cross-polarized channel to the next generation of operational scatterometer missions (i.e., the next Polar System Second Generation) dedicated to the ocean surface wind measurement at medium resolution (Stoffelen et al, 2017). Other mission concepts (e.g., Ardhuin et al, 2018;Rodriguez, 2018;Gommenginger, 2019) also suggest relying on Doppler and radar backscatter measurements at multiple angles and targeting combined wind, waves, and current measurements.…”

Section: Synthetic Aperture Radarsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In its present inception, SEASTAR provides current vector and wind vector products at 1 km resolution over a single continuous swath of 170 km, and a random noise performance for current vectors better than 10 cm s −1 and 10 • at 1 km resolution. Details about SEASTAR can be found in the OceanObs'19 mini-review by Gommenginger (2019) associated with this paper.…”

Section: Discovery: Taking Doppler Oceanography To Spacementioning

confidence: 99%

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Integrated Observations of Global Surface Winds, Currents, and Waves: Requirements and Challenges for the Next Decade

et al. 2019

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Ocean surface winds, currents, and waves play a crucial role in exchanges of momentum, energy, heat, freshwater, gases, and other tracers between the ocean, atmosphere, and ice. Despite surface waves being strongly coupled to the upper ocean circulation and the overlying atmosphere, efforts to improve ocean, atmospheric, and wave observations and models have evolved somewhat independently. From an observational point of view, community efforts to bridge this gap have led to proposals for satellite Doppler oceanography mission concepts, which could provide unprecedented measurements of absolute surface velocity and directional wave spectrum at global scales. This paper reviews the present state of observations of surface winds, currents, and waves, and it outlines observational gaps that limit our current understanding of coupled processes that happen at the air-sea-ice interface. A significant challenge for the coming decade of wind, current, and wave observations will come in combining and interpreting measurements from (a) wave-buoys and high-frequency radars in coastal regions, (b) surface drifters and wave-enabled drifters in the open-ocean, marginal ice zones, and wave-current interaction "hot-spots," and (c) simultaneous measurements of absolute surface currents, ocean surface wind vector, and directional wave spectrum from Doppler satellite sensors.

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Section: Synthetic Aperture Radarsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discovery: Taking Doppler Oceanography To Spacementioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Observations of Global Surface Winds, Currents, and Waves: Requirements and Challenges for the Next Decade

et al. 2019

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“…Knowledge of their impact on small-scale physical and bio-optical property distributions, and their accurate representation in high-resolution, predictive coastal models is crucial to achieve accurate, robust ocean forecasts in shallow coastal waters. Sub-mesoscale (0.1 to 10 km) fronts and filaments are ubiquitous features in coastal regions and their importance in coupled ocean-atmosphere processes has been recognized, yet measurements of their dynamics are rare [38]. Coincident, high-resolution remote sensing and in situ observational data sets at appropriate space/time scales to characterize very shallow coastal processes are limited.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Impact of Tides and Atmospheric Fronts on Submesoscale Physical and Bio-Optical Distributions near a Coastal Convergence Zone

et al. 2020

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Optically-active constituents vary over short time and space scales in coastal waters, and they are impacted by a variety of complex, inter-related forcing processes. As part of the Integrated Coastal Bio-Optical Dynamics (ICoBOD) project, we conducted a field campaign in Mississippi Sound in the northern Gulf of Mexico during spring 2018 to examine the impact of the passage of atmospheric and tidal fronts on fine-scale physical and bio-optical property distributions in a shallow, dynamic, coastal environment. During a 25-day experiment, we deployed eight moorings over a roughly 7 × 7 km box encompassing a frontal zone, to collect a time series of physical and bio-optical measurements. We describe changes in diver visibility related to the passage of a short-duration, high-turbidity surface plume and nepheloid layer development/decay during a tidal cycle. Maximum nepheloid layer development was observed during low tide and lasted about 9–12 h. The strongest turbidity signal extended about 4–5 m above the bottom (approximately half of the water column), although anomalously elevated values were observed all the way to the surface. In addition, high-resolution (50 m) hydrodynamic model simulations provide insight into the frontal dynamics and aid interpretation of the observed patterns. Mooring observations confirmed model-predicted heat flux changes associated with the passage of an atmospheric cold front.

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“…Regional-scale SVP drifter climatologies have been used to study the seasonal and interannual variabilities of the ocean circulation where the data coverage is sufficient (e.g., Andersson et al, 2011;Poulain et al, 2013;Peng et al, 2015). Methods to remove the biases resulting from the irregular spatial and temporal sampling of the GSDA and to reconstruct the time-dependent geostrophic and Ekman velocities (Gill, 1982) consist in combining satellite altimetry, wind reanalysis products, and, sometimes, the large-scale geoid (Centurioni et al, 2008(Centurioni et al, , 2009Maximenko et al, 2009;Niiler et al, 2003a,b) (see Figure 2b as an example of such a synthesis). The GDP surface drifter dataset also enabled global mapping of the mean circulation (Figure 2a) and of characteristics such as cyclonic and anticyclonic motions from global SVP drifter observations for scales from large eddies to submesoscales (Griffa et al, 2008).…”

Section: Horizontal Near-surface Current Observations From Svp Driftersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, some variables such as sea level pressure (SLP) cannot be determined from space with current technology, and thus, their acquisition relies solely on in situ platforms. A comprehensive description of the satellite systems used for remote sensing of the air-sea interface is beyond the scope of this review but can be found in Ardhuin et al (2019a,b), Bourassa et al (2019), Cronin et al (2019), Gommenginger et al (2019), Kent et al (2019, Smith et al (2019), Swart et al (2019), Villas Bôas et al (2019), Wanninkhof et al (2019), and Weller et al (2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global in situ Observations of Essential Climate and Ocean Variables at the Air–Sea Interface

et al. 2019

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The air-sea interface is a key gateway in the Earth system. It is where the atmosphere sets the ocean in motion, climate/weather-relevant air-sea processes occur, and pollutants (i.e., plastic, anthropogenic carbon dioxide, radioactive/chemical waste) enter the sea. Hence, accurate estimates and forecasts of physical and biogeochemical processes at this interface are critical for sustainable blue economy planning, growth, and disaster mitigation. Such estimates and forecasts rely on accurate and integrated in situ and satellite surface observations. High-impact uses of ocean surface observations of essential ocean/climate variables (EOVs/ECVs) include (1) assimilation into/validation of weather, ocean, and climate forecast models to improve their skill, impact, and value; (2) ocean physics studies (i.e., heat, momentum, freshwater, and biogeochemical air-sea fluxes) to further our understanding and parameterization of air-sea processes; and (3) calibration and validation of satellite ocean products (i.e., currents, temperature, salinity, sea level, ocean color, wind, and waves). We review strengths and limitations, impacts, and sustainability of in situ ocean surface observations of several ECVs and EOVs. We draw a 10-year vision

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SEASTAR: A Mission to Study Ocean Submesoscale Dynamics and Small-Scale Atmosphere-Ocean Processes in Coastal, Shelf and Polar Seas

Cited by 51 publications

References 39 publications

Integrated Observations of Global Surface Winds, Currents, and Waves: Requirements and Challenges for the Next Decade

Integrated Observations of Global Surface Winds, Currents, and Waves: Requirements and Challenges for the Next Decade

Assessing the Impact of Tides and Atmospheric Fronts on Submesoscale Physical and Bio-Optical Distributions near a Coastal Convergence Zone

Global in situ Observations of Essential Climate and Ocean Variables at the Air–Sea Interface

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