Seasonality of live birth sex ratio in south western Siberia, Russia, 1959-2001

Melnikov, V. N.

doi:10.1136/jech.57.6.471

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…In this context, diverse behavioral, social, nutritional, or other environmental variables were proposed. Proponents of the ''damaged cohorts'' mechanism believe that explanations for observed declines in SSR are likely to be multifactorial (Davis et al, 1998), and studies attributed fluctuations to environmental factors (Peterka et al, 2004;Grech et al, 2002;McLachlan and Storey, 2003), exposure to pathogens (Mocarelli et al, 1996(Mocarelli et al, , 2000Del Rio Gomez et al, 2002;Fukuda et al, 2002), dysfunctional parental reproductive health (Feitosa and Krieger, 1993;James, 1996James, , 2003Manning et al, 1997;Jacobsen et al, 1999;Nonaka et al, 1999;Orvos et al, 2001;Cagnacci et al, 2003;Melnikov and Grech, 2003), changes in sexual activity (Martin, 1997;James, 2003), or unspecific hormonal changes around the time of conception (Hansen et al, 1999;James, 2004).…”

Section: From Epiphenomenon To Causality: the Problem Of Cause And Efmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary sex ratio variation during stressful times: The impact of the French Revolutionary Wars on a German parish (1787–1802)

Kemkes¹

2006

Am. J. Hum. Biol.

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The observation that declines in the human secondary sex ratio (SSR) may be linked to stressful periconceptional periods has received considerable attention (Catalano [2003] Hum Reprod 18:1972-1975; Catalano et al. [2005] Int J Epidemiol 34:944-948, [2005] Hum Reprod 20:1221-1227, [2005] Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 19:413-420). For the purpose of testing the external validity of this phenomenon, birth records from four German village genealogies (N = 1,048) were analyzed to study the impact of the French Revolutionary Wars (1787-1802) on the proportion of male births. All births were subdivided into three cohorts (prewar, 1787-1792; war, 1792-1797; and postwar, 1797-1802). Differences in SSR between cohorts achieved statistical significance (chi2= 7.695; df = 2; P = 0.021). In addition, changes in SSR before, during, and after the wars were monitored by risk analysis. Using the SSR of the prewar period as a control, the results of the war cohort failed to achieve statistical significance (regression coefficient, -0.257; ExpB= 0.773; P = 0.118), while the odds reduction of 32.3% in the postwar period proved to be statistically significant (regression coefficient, -0.390; ExpB= 0.677; P = 0.006). It is hypothesized that the experience of postwar economic hardship (attributable to lowered food availability paired with dietary changes) represents the most likely proximate cause. The study also finds evidence of a parental sex ratio manipulation strategy meant to offset the female-biased SSR after the wars. It is argued that from an evolutionary perspective both the decline in SSR in response to stress as well as parental manipulation of the tertiary sex ratio convey reproductive advantages.

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Section: From Epiphenomenon To Causality: the Problem Of Cause And Efmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary sex ratio variation during stressful times: The impact of the French Revolutionary Wars on a German parish (1787–1802)

Kemkes¹

2006

Am. J. Hum. Biol.

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“…Seasonality in M/F has also been recently described in other countries. For example, a highly significant seasonal pattern was found in western Siberia, with a peak in the second and a trough in the fourth quarter of the year (25). This type of periodicity was also noted in Germany for the period 1946-1995 (26).…”

Section: Racial Differences In Seasonalitymentioning

confidence: 70%

Seasonal variation by race in the male to female ratio at birth in the United States

Grech¹,

Borg²

2016

West Indian Med J

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Objective: In humans, male exceed female live births. This ratio is conventionally referred to (M/F) male to female ratio and is used to denote male divided by total births. This ratio is influenced by a large number of factors and has been shown to exhibit seasonality. This study was carried out in order to ascertain whether seasonal variation in M/F exists in United States and whether such variations are influenced by race. Material and Methods: Births by gender and by race for 2003-13 were obtained from CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) Wonder section as four races: White, Black/African American, Asian/Pacific Islander and American Indian/Alaska Native. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) tests were carried out. Results: This study analysed 90 206 292 live births (M/F 0.51182) over 2003-13. M/F was highest in Asian/Pacific Islander (p < 0.0001), followed by White (p = 0.002), American Indian/Alaska Native (p = 0.04) and Black/African American. Significant seasonality was present overall, with a peak in June, for Whites more than Black/African American and absent in the test. Conclusion: Parental stress lowers M/F, and the lower M/F found in Black/African and American Indian/Alaskan births may be stress-related. The dampened seasonality noted in Black/African American births may also be due to this phenomenon. More males are born in spring, as in other species, with interesting inter-racial differences.

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“…This has been demonstrated in war situations (Graffelman & Hoekstra, 2000;Saadat & Ansari-Lari, 2004;Polasek et al, 2005), and after earthquakes (Fukuda et al, 1998;Saadat, 2008), terrorist attacks (Catalano et al, 2005a(Catalano et al, , 2006 and ecological catastrophes (Mocarelli et al, 2000). Additionally, the sex of a child is partially determined by geographical location (Masoudi & Saadat, 2007), temperature (Helle et al, 2008) and season of birth (Lerchl, 1998;Melnikov, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Also, parental exposure to environmental hazards, severe stress and other unfavourable conditions affect the sex ratio at birth. Additionally, the sex of a child is partially determined by geographical location (Masoudi & Saadat, 2007), temperature (Helle et al, 2008) and season of birth (Lerchl, 1998;Melnikov, 2003). Additionally, the sex of a child is partially determined by geographical location (Masoudi & Saadat, 2007), temperature (Helle et al, 2008) and season of birth (Lerchl, 1998;Melnikov, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Affecting Sex Ratio at Birth in Croatia 1998–2008

Pavić

2012

J. Biosoc. Sci.

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This investigation aims to contribute to the existing literature on demographic and ecological factors affecting the sex ratio at birth, by analysing the births in Croatia from 1998 to 2008. Data from birth certificates for all Croatian births for the investigated period (n=420,256) were used to establish the link between parental ages, birth order, region of birth, parental occupation and parental education level, and sex of the child. The χ² test and t-test were used to assess the significance of each of the factors, along with multiple logistic regression to control for possible confounding effects. The results suggest that a joint higher age of both parents significantly lowers the sex ratio at birth. There is also a regional variation in sex ratio at birth, the lowest value being in Central Croatia and the highest in the City of Zagreb. Changes in the reproductive physiology of older parents are most probably responsible for the lower sex ratio, although the limited sample size warns against widespread generalizations. The causes of the regional variation in sex ratio at birth are most likely the different regional levels of obesity and physical inactivity.

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Seasonality of live birth sex ratio in south western Siberia, Russia, 1959-2001

Cited by 15 publications

References 7 publications

Secondary sex ratio variation during stressful times: The impact of the French Revolutionary Wars on a German parish (1787–1802)

Secondary sex ratio variation during stressful times: The impact of the French Revolutionary Wars on a German parish (1787–1802)

Seasonal variation by race in the male to female ratio at birth in the United States

Factors Affecting Sex Ratio at Birth in Croatia 1998–2008

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