Seasonality in the supply of sediment to the deep Sargasso Sea and implications for the rapid transfer of matter to the deep ocean

Deuser, W. G.; Ross, E. H.; Anderson, Robert F.

doi:10.1016/0198-0149(81)90140-0

Cited by 333 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It has been suggested that radionuclides can be used to calibrate sediment traps (Deuser et al, 1981;Buesseler, 1991;Murnane et al, 1996). Scholten et al (2001) found that 230 Th fluxes indicate low trapping efficiencies in shallow traps (at the average 40%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sediment trap data used in this study are annual mean particle fluxes of organic carbon and opal derived from time series of the German Joint Research Project 261 (SFB261), the Bermuda Atlantic Time-Series Study (BATS, 1998;Deuser et al, 1981) and ''JGOFS North Atlantic Bloom Experiment'' (NABE, 1998;Honjo and Manganini, 1993). The data from SFB261 are mostly published (Fischer et al, 1988(Fischer et al, , 1996a(Fischer et al, ,b, 2000Fischer and Wefer, 1996;Wefer and Fischer, 1991).…”

Section: Sediment Trap Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Particle fluxes in the ocean: comparison of sediment trap data with results from inverse modeling

Usbeck

Schlitzer

Fischer

et al. 2003

Journal of Marine Systems

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Biological production lowers the CO 2 concentrations in the surface layer of the ocean, and sinking detritus ''pumps'' nutrients and CO 2 into the deep ocean. Quantifying the efficiency of the biological pump is a prerequisite for global CO 2 budgets. Sediment traps are commonly used to directly measure the vertical particle flux; however, for logistical and financial reasons, traps cannot provide area-wide data sets. Moreover, it has been shown that sediment traps can under-or overestimate particle fluxes considerably. In this paper, we present a new technique to estimate the downward flux of particulate matter with an adjoint model. Hydrographic and nutrient data are used to calculate the mean ocean circulation together with parameters for particle fluxes using the AWI Adjoint Model for Oceanic Carbon Cycling (AAMOCC). The model is fitted to the property concentrations by systematically varying circulation, air -sea fluxes, export production and remineralization rates of particulate biogenic matter simultaneously. The deviations of model fluxes based on nutrient budgets from direct measurements with sediment traps yield an independent estimate of apparent trapping efficiencies. While consistent with hydrographic and nutrient data, model particle fluxes rarely agree with sediment trap data: (1) At shallow water depth ( V 1000 m), sediment trap fluxes are at the average 50% lower than model fluxes, which confirms flux calibrations using radionuclides; (2) in the very deep traps, model fluxes tend to be lower compared to data, which might be explained by lateral inputs into the traps. According to these model results, particle fluxes from the euphotic zone (EP) into mid water depth are considerably higher and the shallow loop of nutrient is more vigorous than would be derived from sediment trap data. Our results imply that fluxes as collected with sediment traps are inconsistent with model derived long-term mean particle fluxes based on nutrient budgets in the water column. In agreement with recent radionuclide studies, we conclude that reliable export flux estimates can only be obtained from sediment trap data if appropriate corrections are applied. D

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sediment Trap Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Particle fluxes in the ocean: comparison of sediment trap data with results from inverse modeling

Usbeck

Schlitzer

Fischer

et al. 2003

Journal of Marine Systems

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A similar interpretation may apply to a large set of published and unpublished planktic data from sediment traps and core tops in ocean regions as different as the northern and equatorial Atlantic [e.g., Simstich, 1998;Deuser et al, 1981aDeuser et al, , 1981bGanssen, 1983], the Arabian Sea, and South China Sea [Wang et al, 1999]. Overall, the spatial distribution patterns of these data suggest that d 13 C values of various planktic foraminifera species primarily reflect the nutrient concentrations in ocean surface water ambient to shell calcification, besides various secondary forcings such as air-sea exchange of CO 2 , sea surface temperature, secular d 13 C variations, and vital and metabolic effects.…”

Section: Tracers Of Nutrient Concentration and Bottom Water Ventilationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleonutrient and productivity records from the subarctic North Pacific for Pleistocene glacial terminations I to V

Gebhardt¹,

Sarnthein²,

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

[1] Our study addresses fundamental questions of the mode and timing of orbital and millennial-scale changes in the meridional overturning circulation (MOC) of the subarctic North Pacific. Particular concerns are the vertical mixing, the present and past abundance of nutrients in surface waters despite strong stratification, and the North Pacific-North Atlantic seesaw of oscillations in sea surface temperature (SST). We do this by generating and interpreting multiple records for glacial terminations I-V down two long piston cores, one each from the western and eastern subarctic Pacific. Chlorins and biogenic opal are proxies for surface water productivity; d 13 C of epibenthic foraminifera is a record of deepwater ventilation; and the d 13 C of N. pachyderma sin. is a tracer of nutrients in subsurface waters that extend up to the sea surface during times of vertical mixing. The degree of mixing is traced by pairing SST and d 18 O records of planktic surface and subsurface (pycnocline) dwellers. Tight age control is deduced from a suite of age-calibrated 14 C plateau boundaries for Termination I and benthic d 18 O and geomagnetic events for the last 800 ka. Carbon 14 paleoreservoir ages record the ages of surface and deep waters to uncover short-term changes in MOC over Termination I. We have defined a standard sequence of short-term productivity events for Termination I, also evident during terminations II to V and subsequent interglacials over the last 450 ka. The peak glacial regime of stable stratification and low productivity terminated, together with the end of ice rafting and melting, near 17 ka, $2000 years after the onset of Termination I. Pulses of vertical mixing and incursion of warm surface waters from the subtropics followed. Convected young water masses finally penetrated down to 3600-m water depth at 17.0 to less than 14.5 ka, significantly improving bottom water ventilation through the late deglacial and earliest interglacial. Mixing with upwelled nutrients from the pycnocline induced short-term maxima in algal production of chlorins and biogenic opal near 17-15 and 15-12 ka, respectively. Deglacial meltwater incursions in the Aleutian Current and silica input from North American rivers also promoted East Pacific productivity after 15.5 ka. Productivity decreased during the late deglacial and early interglacial, coeval with an exceptional peak in CaCO 3 preservation caused by both low organic flux and well-ventilated deepwater. Subsequently, low salinity and cool surface waters and in turn, stratification were gradually restored. A second, opaldominated productivity maximum marked the ends of interglacials. The deglacial pulses of vertical mixing around 17-11 ka imply an important contribution of the North Pacific to the coeval release of oceanic CO 2 into the atmosphere and support the east-west seesaw model of climate change.Citation: Gebhardt, H., M. Sarnthein, P. M. Grootes, T. Kiefer, H. Kuehn, F. Schmieder, and U. Röhl (2008), Paleonutrient and productivity records from the subarctic North ...

show abstract

“…depths of coral growth, banding cannot be controlled by seasonal variations in sunlight, temperature or other climate variables. The banding pattern may be governed by endogenous physiological rhythms (Emiliani et al, 1978) or by the raining food supply from above (Deuser et al, 1981).…”

Section: Growth Rate and Band Periodicity From Measurements On Modernmentioning

confidence: 99%

U-Th dating of deep-sea corals

Cheng

Adkins

Edwards

et al. 2000

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

214

162

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract- 230 Th, 232 Th, 234 U and 238 U compositions of several deep-sea solitary corals, mainly the species Desmophyllum cristagalli, were determined by thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS). It is possible to obtain high precision ages on modern pristine corals that have low [ 232 Th] (5 to a few hundred ppt). However, because older deep-sea corals tend to have higher [ 232 Th] compared to surface corals, and the initial 230 Th/ 232 Th ratio is uncertain, older deep-sea corals have larger age uncertainties (Ϯseveral hundred years for samples with a few thousand ppt 232 Th). Therefore, the key hurdle for precise U-Th dating is to remove or account for contaminants which contain elevated 232 Th and associated 230 Th not due to closed system decay within the coral lattice. A modification of the trace metal cleaning methods used for foraminifera and surface corals can significantly reduce this contamination. By counting the visible growth bands and measuring the mean age of a single septum, the extension rate of D. cristagalli was estimated to be between 0.1 and 3.1 mm/year. In a mean sense, bands appear to be precipitated annually, but this estimate has a large uncertainty. If appropriate tracer calibrations can be established, these corals are therefore suitable to record decadal or sub-decadal oceanographic changes over the course of their lifetime. The ␦ 234 U values of all modern samples from different localities and different depths are similar (mean 145.5 Ϯ 2.3‰) and indistinguishable from the data obtained from surface corals. At a precision of about Ϯ2‰, we find no structure in the oceanic profile of ␦ 234 U ratios over the top 2000 m of the water column.

show abstract

Seasonality in the supply of sediment to the deep Sargasso Sea and implications for the rapid transfer of matter to the deep ocean

Cited by 333 publications

References 8 publications

Particle fluxes in the ocean: comparison of sediment trap data with results from inverse modeling

Particle fluxes in the ocean: comparison of sediment trap data with results from inverse modeling

Paleonutrient and productivity records from the subarctic North Pacific for Pleistocene glacial terminations I to V

U-Th dating of deep-sea corals

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About