Seasonal variations of estrogenic compounds and their estrogenicities in influent and effluent from a municipal sewage treatment plant in China

Jin, Shiwei; Yang, Fangxing; Liao, Tao; Hui, Yang; Xu, Ying

doi:10.1897/07-072.1

Cited by 80 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…First, E1 is the most abundant estrogen excreted by menstrual women, and the second is that E3 and E1 in pregnancy urine are one and two orders of magnitude greater than E2 (Baronti et al 2000). A similar result has been reported in a municipal sewage treatment plant in Wuhan, China (Jin et al 2008). The relatively high influent concentration of EE2 in our studied WWTP may be due to correlative industry discharge (Cui et al 2006;Zhou et al 2011) or/and different consumption rates of contraceptive pills compared to other regions.…”

Section: Seasonal Concentration Variation Of Steroid Estrogens In Wwtsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…In general, the influent concentrations of each estrogen in our selected WWTP were higher than previously documented values (Baronti et al 2000;Jin et al 2008). The higher influent concentration of steroid estrogen in summer in the present WWTP can be explained by the hypothesis that influent concentrations were impacted by human excretion rates, water consumption, and rainfall.…”

Section: Seasonal Concentration Variation Of Steroid Estrogens In Wwtcontrasting

confidence: 55%

“…For steroid estrogens E2, E3, and EE2, the seasonal influent concentration was in the order of spring>autumn>summer>winter. However, a different result was found in a municipal sewage treatment plant in Wuhan, China (Jin et al 2008), which showed higher influent concentration of E3 in winter than summer.…”

Section: Seasonal Concentration Variation Of Steroid Estrogens In Wwtmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Previous research determined mean influent concentrations for E1, E2, E3, and EE2 of nd to 66.0 ng/l, nd to 22.7 ng/l, nd to 80.0 ng/l, and nd to 7.1 ng/l, respectively (Baronti et al 2000;Fawell et al 2001;Johnson and Sumpter 2001;D'Ascenzo et al 2003;Cargouët et al 2004). In WWTP effluent, values of nd to 82, nd to 64, 0.4 to 39.1 ng/l and nd to 42 for E1, E2, E3, and EE2 have been detected in The Netherlands (Vethaak et al 2005), Italy (Baronti et al 2000), the UK Johnson et al, 2001), Germany and Canada (Ternes et al 1999b), Sweden (Larsson et al 1999), Japan (Nakada et al 2007), and China (Chen et al 2007;Jin et al 2008). Influent concentrations of steroid estrogens in this study were higher than previous reports, particularly for E3 and EE2.…”

Section: Levels Of Steroid Estrogens In Wwtp Influent and Effluentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, monitoring influent and effluent steroid estrogen concentrations and assessing their fate in different areas and different WWTP treatment processes are essential. Previous reports have shown estrogenic activity in effluent from large sewage treatment plants in Beijing (Ma et al 2005(Ma et al , 2007 and revealed the presence of steroid estrogens in WWTP influent and effluent in China (Jin et al 2008;Chang et al 2011;Zhou et al 2011). However, studies on seasonal variation and the removal and degradation mechanism of steroid estrogens in WWTPs are absent in China.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occurrence and fate of steroid estrogens in the largest wastewater treatment plant in Beijing, China

Zhou

Zha

Wang

2011

Environ Monit Assess

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Concern over steroid estrogens has increased rapidly in recent years due to their adverse health effects. Effluent discharge from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is the main pollutant source for environmental water. To understand the pollutant level and fate of steroid estrogens in WWTPs, the occurrence of estrone (E1), 17-β-estradiol (E2), estriol (E3), and 17-β-ethinylestradiol (EE2) was investigated in the Gaobeidian WWTP in Beijing, China. Water samples from influent as well as effluent from second sedimentation tanks and advanced treatment processes were taken monthly during 2006 to 2007. In influent, steroid estrogen concentrations varied from 11.6 to 1.1× 10 2 ng/l, 3.7 to 1.4×10 2 ng/l, no detection (nd) to 7.6×10 2 ng/l and nd to 3.3×10 2 ng/l for E1, E2, E3, and EE2, respectively. Compared with documented values, the higher steroid estrogen concentrations in the WWTP influent may be due to higher population density, higher birthrate, less dilution, and different sampling time. Results revealed that a municipal WWTP with an activated sludge system incorporating anaerobic, anoxic, and aerobic processes could eliminate natural and synthetic estrogens effectively. The mean elimination efficiencies were 83.2%, 96.4%, 98.8%, and 93.0% for E1, E2, E3, and EE2, respectively. The major removal mechanism for natural estrogens and synthetic estrogen EE2 were biodegradation and sorption on the basis of mass balance in water, suspension particles, and sludge. In the WWTP effluent, however, the highest concentrations of E1, E2, E3, and EE2 attained were 74.2, 3.9, 5.1, and 4.6 ng/l, respectively. This is concerning as residual steroid estrogens in WWTP effluent could lead to pollution of the receiving water. Advanced flocculation treatment was applied in the WWTP and transformed the residual estrogen conjugates to free species, which were reduced further by filtration with removal shifting from 32% to 57% for natural estrogen, although no EE2 was removed.

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Section: Seasonal Concentration Variation Of Steroid Estrogens In Wwtsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Seasonal Concentration Variation Of Steroid Estrogens In Wwtcontrasting

confidence: 55%

Section: Seasonal Concentration Variation Of Steroid Estrogens In Wwtmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Levels Of Steroid Estrogens In Wwtp Influent and Effluentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occurrence and fate of steroid estrogens in the largest wastewater treatment plant in Beijing, China

Zhou

Zha

Wang

2011

Environ Monit Assess

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Deriving bio‐equivalents from in vitro bioassays: Assessment of existing uncertainties and strategies to improve accuracy and reporting

Wagner

Vermeirssen

Buchinger

et al. 2013

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Bio-equivalents (e.g., 17β-estradiol or dioxin equivalents) are commonly employed to quantify the in vitro effects of complex human or environmental samples. However, there is no generally accepted data analysis strategy for estimating and reporting bio-equivalents. Therefore, the aims of the present study are to 1) identify common mathematical models for the derivation of bio-equivalents from the literature, 2) assess the ability of those models to correctly predict bio-equivalents, and 3) propose measures to reduce uncertainty in their calculation and reporting. We compiled a database of 234 publications that report bio-equivalents. From the database, we extracted 3 data analysis strategies commonly used to estimate bio-equivalents. These models are based on linear or nonlinear interpolation, and the comparison of effect concentrations (ECX ). To assess their accuracy, we employed simulated data sets in different scenarios. The results indicate that all models lead to a considerable misestimation of bio-equivalents if certain mathematical assumptions (e.g., goodness of fit, parallelism of dose-response curves) are violated. However, nonlinear interpolation is most suitable to predict bio-equivalents from single-point estimates. Regardless of the model, subsequent linear extrapolation of bio-equivalents generates additional inaccuracy if the prerequisite of parallel dose-response curves is not met. When all these factors are taken into consideration, it becomes clear that data analysis introduces considerable uncertainty in the derived bio-equivalents. To improve accuracy and transparency of bio-equivalents, we propose a novel data analysis strategy and a checklist for reporting Minimum Information about Bio-equivalent ESTimates (MIBEST).

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Risk of endocrine disruption to fish in the Yellow River catchment in China assessed using a spatially explicit model

Liu

Keller

Dumont

et al. 2015

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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The NERC and CEH trademarks and logos ('the Trademarks') are registered trademarks of NERC in the UK and other countries, and may not be used without the prior written consent of the Trademark owner.Acc e p ted P r e p r i nt Acc e p ted P r e p r i nt Acc e p ted P r e p r i nt Acc e p ted P r e p r i ntThis article is protected by copyright. All rights reservedAbstract: The GWAVA model, incorporating regional water abstractions and reservoir information, was used to model human-sourced steroid estrogens: estrone (E1) and estradiol (E2) in the Yellow River catchment. The river flows in the main stem were calibrated using gauged flows. Following a review of Chinese data on estrogen discharge from a range of sewage treatment plants, low, median and high discharge rates were identified and used as best, expected and worst case scenarios, respectively. For any given location, the time-variation of modelled estrogens levels was summarized using the mean and upper 90th percentile (90%ile), which is where the model predicts 90% of values would be below this concentration. The predicted means and 90%iles for E1 were comparable with previous E1 measurements reported in the river. For the whole catchment, only 19% (mean value) of the river system by length was predicted to exceed 1 ng/L E2 equivalents (EEQ) using expected estrogen sewage discharge. Only 3% of the network by length was predicted to exceed the dangerously high 10 ng/L EEQ when considering 90%ile concentrations. The highest exposures were in the Fen and Wei tributaries. Endocrine disruption risk from estrogens was predicted to be minimal in the main stem.Only in the worst case discharge scenario and 90%ile predicted concentrations, were the most downstream river reaches of the main stem predicted to be at risk. Reservoirs appeared to be helpful in reducing estrogen concentrations thanks to longer water residence facilitating biodegradation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

show abstract

Seasonal variations of estrogenic compounds and their estrogenicities in influent and effluent from a municipal sewage treatment plant in China

Cited by 80 publications

References 35 publications

Occurrence and fate of steroid estrogens in the largest wastewater treatment plant in Beijing, China

Occurrence and fate of steroid estrogens in the largest wastewater treatment plant in Beijing, China

Deriving bio‐equivalents from in vitro bioassays: Assessment of existing uncertainties and strategies to improve accuracy and reporting

Risk of endocrine disruption to fish in the Yellow River catchment in China assessed using a spatially explicit model

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