Seasonal Variations of Arsenic in the Ganges and Brahmaputra River, Bangladesh

Islam, Samia; Rahman, SH; Chowdhury, Didarul A.; Rahman, Mohammad Mijanur; Tareq, Shafi M.

doi:10.3329/jsr.v4i1.7820

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This is probably due to the presence of many potential ions in shallow aquifer to more extent than those in semi-deep aquifer that accelerated arsenic uptake by plants [36]. This groundwater matrix is in agreement to the general scenario of aquifer conditions of Bangladesh [2,35].…”

Section: Accumulation and Toxicity Of Arsenic In Vegetablessupporting

confidence: 81%

Arsenic Accumulation in Common Vegetables from Irrigation

Islam¹,

Das²,

Huque³

2012

J. Sci. Res.

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Arsenic-accumulation pattern in eight types of vegetables commonly found in Bangladesh were studied using successive irrigation/harvesting technique. The study also included to find the threshold amount of arsenic that leads to exceed the maximum permissible limit (MPL) in those vegetables and several water-soil-plant arsenic concentration models. Total arsenic concentrations were measured by Hydride GenerationAtomic Absorption Spectroscopy (HG-AAS) technique. Arsenic-accumulation decreased in the order: Arum > Arum leaf > Amaranth > Brinjal > Radish > Indian Spinach > Carrot > Okra. A single harvesting of 10 irrigations with water (3.0 L/irrigation) having arsenic concentrations of ?0.45 mg L-1 to 0.071 m2 area (equivalent to 1.89 kg As ha-1) exceeded the MPL in vegetables (1 mg kg-1, wet weight). The concentration of accumulated arsenic in the vegetables increased linearly with time and exponentially with successive harvesting. Regression analyses showed that arsenic concentration in vegetables was positively correlated with that of irrigation water and soil (r = 0.796 for both cases).© 2012 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v4i3.10494 J. Sci. Res. 4 (3), 675-688 (2012)

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Section: Accumulation and Toxicity Of Arsenic In Vegetablessupporting

confidence: 81%

Arsenic Accumulation in Common Vegetables from Irrigation

Islam¹,

Das²,

Huque³

2012

J. Sci. Res.

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“…2) and run off from agricultural lands, irrigated with arsenic rich groundwaters. 35 The high summer temperature (maximum 30 C) enhances the biological activity through microbial reduction of As(V) to less particle active As(III) species and contributes to the seasonal variations in arsenic concentrations in river waters. In sea water, arsenic occurs as arsenate (As III) with average As concentrations in open seawater usually showing little variation and typically around 1.5 mg l À1 .…”

Section: Arsenic In Soilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Arsenic In Soilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review of arsenic and its impacts in groundwater of the Ganges–Brahmaputra–Meghna delta, Bangladesh

Edmunds¹,

Ahmed

Whitehead³

2015

Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts

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Arsenic in drinking water is the single most important environmental issue facing Bangladesh; between 35 and 77 million of its 156 million inhabitants are considered to be at risk from drinking As-contaminated water. This dominates the list of stress factors affecting health, livelihoods and the ecosystem of the delta region. There is a vast literature on the subject so this review provides a filter of the more important information available on the topic. The arsenic problem arises from the move in the 1980s and 1990s by international agencies to construct tube wells as a source of water free of pathogens, groundwater usually considered a safe source. Since arsenic was not measured during routine chemical analysis and also is difficult to measure at low concentrations it was not until the late 1990s that the widespread natural anomaly of high arsenic was discovered and confirmed. The problem was exacerbated by the fact that the medical evidence of arsenicosis only appears slowly. The problem arises in delta regions because of the young age of the sediments deposited by the GBM river system. The sediments contain minerals such as biotite which undergo slow "diagenetic" reactions as the sediments become compacted, and which, under the reducing conditions of the groundwater, release in the form of toxic As(3+). The problem is restricted to sediments of Holocene age and groundwater of a certain depth (mainly 30-150 m), coinciding with the optimum well depth. The problem is most serious in a belt across southern Bangladesh, but within 50 m of the coast the problem is only minor because of use of deep groundwater; salinity in shallow groundwater here is the main issue for drinking water. The Government of Bangladesh adopted a National Arsenic Policy and Mitigation Action Plan in 2004 for providing arsenic safe water to all the exposed population, to provide medical care for those who have visible symptoms of arsenicosis. There is as yet no national monitoring program in place. Various mitigation strategies have been tested, but generally the numerous small scale technological remedies have proved unworkable at village level. The current statistics show that use of deep groundwater (below 150 m) is the main source of arsenic mitigation over most of the arsenic affected areas as well as rainwater harvesting in certain location.

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“…The prevalent non-uniformity of As levels may be related to the particular hydrological characteristics of Sundarban wetland which are severely influenced by southeast monsoon and the meso-macrotidal regime . Arsenic may enter the estuary through two potential sources, mainly by (i) anthropogenic sources (such as effluents from multifarious industries located in upper stretch of Hugli estuary as referred earlier as well as from erosion of agricultural land in upstream region irrigated with arsenic-containing shallow waters (Islama et al, 2012) followed by (ii) geogenic processes (transported by Ganges River from weathering of bed rocks in the Himalayan). These values were not particularly high compared to highly contaminated sites cited in the literature and only three of the eleven sites exceeded the ERL of 8 mg kg -1 .…”

Section: Arsenic In Sediment From Sundarbanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arsenic speciation in polychaetes (Annelida) and sediments from the intertidal mudflat of Sundarban mangrove wetland, India

Watts

Barlow

Button

et al. 2012

Environ Geochem Health

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Abstract:This paper documents the concentration of total arsenic and individual arsenic species in four soft-bottom benthic polychaetes (Perenereis cultifera, Ganganereis sootai, Lumbrinereis notocirrata and Dendronereis arborifera) along with host sediments from Sundarban mangrove wetland, India. An additional six sites were considered exclusively for surface sediments for this purpose. Polychaetes were collected along with the host sediments and measured for their total arsenic using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). Arsenic concentrations in polychaete body tissues varied greatly, suggesting speciesspecific characteristics and inherent peculiarities in arsenic metabolism. Arsenic was generally present in polychaetes as arsenate (As V ranges from 0.16 -0.50 mg kg -1 ) or arsenite (As III ranges from 0.10 -0.41 mg kg -1 ) (30 to 53% as inorganic As) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA V ; <1 to 25%). Arsenobetaine (AB; <16%), and PO 4 -arsenoriboside (8 to 48%) were also detected as minor constituents, whilst monomethylarsonic acid (MA V ) was not detected in any of the polychaetes. The highest total As (14.7 mg kg -1 dry wt) was observed in the polychaete D. arborifera collected from the vicinity of a sewage outfall in which the majority of As was present as an uncharacterized compound (10.3 mg kg -1 dry wt) eluted prior to AB. Host sediments ranged from 2.5 to 10.4 mg kg -1 total As. This work supports the importance of speciation analysis of As, because of the ubiquitous occurrence of this metalloid in the environment, and its variable toxicity depending on chemical form. It is also the first work to report the composition of As species in polychaetes from the Indian Sundarban wetlands.

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Seasonal Variations of Arsenic in the Ganges and Brahmaputra River, Bangladesh

Cited by 10 publications

References 24 publications

Arsenic Accumulation in Common Vegetables from Irrigation

Arsenic Accumulation in Common Vegetables from Irrigation

A review of arsenic and its impacts in groundwater of the Ganges–Brahmaputra–Meghna delta, Bangladesh

Arsenic speciation in polychaetes (Annelida) and sediments from the intertidal mudflat of Sundarban mangrove wetland, India

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