Seasonal variations in the mass characteristics and optical properties of carbonaceous constituents of PM2.5 in six cities of North China

Luo, Lining; Tian, Hezhong; Liu, Huanjia; Bai, Xiaoxuan; Liu, Wei; Liu, Shuhan; Wu, Bobo; Lin, Shu‐Min; Zhao, Shuang; Hao, Yan; Sun, Yujiao; Hao, Jiming; Zhang, Kai

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115780

Cited by 30 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The OC in the atmosphere can be divided into primary OC emitted directly by primary emission sources (including natural and anthropogenic sources) and SOC formed through oxidation of reactive organic gases followed by gas-to-particle conversion processes in the atmosphere (Bozzetti et al 2016;Huang et al 2014;Gelencsér 2004). The EC is mainly derived from the incomplete burning of fossil fuels and biomass (Luo et al 2021). The difference between the indoor and outdoor concentrations of OC was 0.6±2.4 μg m −3 throughout the observation period, whereas the difference in EC was 0.1 ±0.4 μg m −3 (Fig.…”

Section: Carbonaceous Componentmentioning

confidence: 95%

Characteristics of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) at Jinsha Site Museum, Chengdu, China

Deng

Jiang²,

Miao

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Air pollution is a serious threat to ancient sites and cultural relicts. In this study, we collected indoor and outdoor PM 2.5 samples and individual particles at the Exhibition Hall of Jinsha Site Museum in June 2020, and then the chemical components, sources, morphology, and mixing state of the fine particulate matter were analyzed. Our results show that the indoor and outdoor PM 2.5 concentrations at the Exhibition Hall were 33.3±6.6 and 39.4±11.4 μg m −3 , respectively. Although the indoor and outdoor concentrations of OC and EC were close, the proportion of secondary organic carbon in OC outdoor (33%) was higher than that indoor (27%). The PM 2.5 was alkaline both indoors and outdoors, and the outdoor alkalinity was stronger than the indoor alkalinity. SNA (SO 4 2− , NO 3 − , and NH 4 + ) was the dominant component in the water-soluble inorganic ions; Na + , Mg 2+ , and Ca 2+ were well correlated (R 2 > 0.9), and Cl − and K + were also highly correlated (R 2 > 0.8). Enrichment factor analysis showed that Cu (indoor) and Cd were the main anthropogenic elements and that Cd was heavily enriched. Principal components analysis showed that the main sources of PM 2.5 at Jinsha Site Museum were motor vehicles, dust, secondary sources, and combustion sources. The individual particles were classified as organic matter, S-rich, soot, mineral, and fly ash/metal particles, and most of these particles were internally mixed with each other. At last, we proposed pollution control measures to improve the air quality of museums and the preservation of cultural relicts.

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Section: Carbonaceous Componentmentioning

confidence: 95%

Characteristics of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) at Jinsha Site Museum, Chengdu, China

Deng

Jiang²,

Miao

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…A few studies involving synchronous observations in multiple cities have been reported. However, most of the studies focused on the seasonal and diurnal variations of carbonaceous aerosols (Dao et al, 2022;Ji et al, 2019;Luo et al, 2021). The other study was conducted on the full component analysis of PM2.5, and the analysis about carbonaceous aerosols was not comprehensive (Dao et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Measurements of Carbonaceous Aerosol in Three Major Cities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region, China

Jiang

Hou

Yan

et al. 2022

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Simultaneous observations of carbonaceous aerosols in multiple cities are of great significance for a comprehensive understanding of the level of carbonaceous aerosol pollution in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region. In this study, PM 2.5 samples were collected simultaneously in Beijing (BJ), Tianjin (TJ), and Shijiazhuang (SJZ) during the 2017-2018 heating season, and the contents of organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) in the samples were measured. The mean mass concentrations were 10.15-46.23 µg m -3 for OC, and 2.13-10.42 µg m -3 for EC in three cities. SJZ had more serious carbonaceous aerosols pollution compared with BJ and TJ. The OC and EC levels in three cities, especially in Beijing, were significantly lower than those reported in previous studies, implying the effectivity of strict air pollution control measures in 2017. Based on the OC/EC minimum ratio method, the mass concentration of secondary organic carbon (SOC) was estimated, and SOC pollution in BJ was relatively light. Analysis of eight carbonaceous components showed that the gasoline vehicle exhaust sources made high contributions to the levels of carbonaceous aerosols in all three cities. Compared with SJZ, the carbonaceous aerosols in BJ and TJ were more affected by road dust pollution. Analysis of backward trajectory indicated that the carbonaceous aerosols in the three cities were affected by pollution transport from the BTH region and surrounding areas, in addition to local sources. In contrast to the other two cities, OC and EC in SJZ were greatly affected by short-distance air mass transport from Hebei Province.

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“…To date, studies have measured traffic-related air pollution and its sources [ 14 , 41 ], including BC, and investigated health impacts (i.e., Becerril-Valle et al [ 5 ]), differences in the impacts on population segments [ 4 , 7 ], transportation modes, and influential factors, such as fires, winter heating, season, or daytime [ 14 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. Recent studies also investigated BC distribution in cities, in regards to barriers, green belts, and traffic density [ 6 , 22 , 24 , 25 , 42 ]. However, there is a lack of studies related to specific environments (e.g., basin towns, in regards to traffic density and road segments).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, weather (e.g., wind) and road segments encased by tall buildings could influence the appearance of after-effects, which can be seen in the suppression of exhaust fumes and dusty particles reducing the quality of air near the ground level. Many studies show that aerosol distribution and exposure can vary significantly, and is considerably underestimated (as well as under-researched) for specific environments and altitudes (levels) [ 6 , 42 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traffic Density-Related Black Carbon Distribution: Impact of Wind in a Basin Town

Jereb

Gajšek

Šipek

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Black carbon is one of the riskiest particle matter pollutants that is harmful to human health. Although it has been increasingly investigated, factors that depend on black carbon distribution and concentration are still insufficiently researched. Variables, such as traffic density, wind speeds, and ground levels can lead to substantial variations of black carbon concentrations and potential exposure, which is even riskier for people living in less-airy sites. Therefore, this paper “fills the gaps” by studying black carbon distribution variations, concentrations, and oscillations, with special emphasis on traffic density and road segments, at multiple locations, in a small city located in a basin, with frequent temperature inversions and infrequent low wind speeds. As wind speed has a significant impact on black carbon concentration trends, it is critical to present how low wind speeds influence black carbon dispersion in a basin city, and how black carbon is dependent on traffic density. Our results revealed that when the wind reached speeds of 1 ms−1, black carbon concentrations actually increased. In lengthy wind periods, when wind speeds reached 2 or 3 ms−1, black carbon concentrations decreased during rush hour and in the time of severe winter biomass burning. By observing the results, it could be concluded that black carbon persists longer in higher altitudes than near ground level. Black carbon concentration oscillations were also seen as more pronounced on main roads with higher traffic density. The more the traffic decreases and becomes steady, the more black carbon concentrations oscillate.

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Seasonal variations in the mass characteristics and optical properties of carbonaceous constituents of PM2.5 in six cities of North China

Cited by 30 publications

References 56 publications

Characteristics of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) at Jinsha Site Museum, Chengdu, China

Characteristics of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) at Jinsha Site Museum, Chengdu, China

Simultaneous Measurements of Carbonaceous Aerosol in Three Major Cities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region, China

Traffic Density-Related Black Carbon Distribution: Impact of Wind in a Basin Town

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