Seasonal variations in the content of phototoxic compounds in giant hogweed

Knudsen, E. A.

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.1983.tb04391.x

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…The last one corresponds to the frequently observed, though poorly und.erstood, increase in chemical activity typical of the beginning of the dormancy period of many plants. These observations justify the highest prevalence of photodermatitis from June to July, as reported in the literature (5) and confirmed by our referred cases.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Photocontact dermatitis from Heracleum mantegazzianum (giant hogweed, wild parsnip, wild rhubarb) has repeatedly been reported in the literature (1)(2)(3)(4). These cases happen predominantly in the spring-summer season, probably both due to the increase in linear furocoumarins of the weed itself and to the stronger ultraviolet rays (5). The linear furocoumarins of H. mantegazzianum have been studied to date only biologically, using Daniels' method which evaluates the inhibition of Candida albicans growth (6).…”

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confidence: 95%

“…The linear furocoumarins of H. mantegazzianum have been studied to date only biologically, using Daniels' method which evaluates the inhibition of Candida albicans growth (6). This method gives a semiquantitative evaluation of the total furocoumarin content, without separating the various components (5). Better results are obtained with chromatographic methods, already used for other umbellifers but not for H. mantegazzianum (7)(8)(9); besides, the analysis has never been performed through all the growth phases of the weed and on all the parts of the plant.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Heracleum mantegazzianum growth phases and furocoumarin content

et al. 1989

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The observation of photocontact dermatitis from Heracleum mantegazzianum Sommier et Levier in 2 gardeners at work prompted the analysis of furocoumarin content of stem, leaves and fruits of the plant during a period of 1 year. Their concentration was found to be maximal in fruit, intermediate in leaf, and minimal in stem. Psoralen was the most prevalent substance in the leaf and bergapten in the fruit. In the stem, in contrast, individual furocoumarins were found in lower but variable concentrations. 3 furocoumarin seasonal peaks were observed in the leaf: the maximal peak occurred in June, the intermediate in August, the minimal in November. This trend corresponds to 3 biological phases of the weed.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

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Heracleum mantegazzianum growth phases and furocoumarin content

et al. 1989

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“…The highest levels of furanocoumarins, including angelicin, are found in hogweed leaves but are also present in its stems and inflorescences [50] (Figure 2). Furanocoumarins confer an ecological advantage to the plant, as they possess both insecticidal and antimicrobial properties, thus protecting the plant from pathogen and insect attack [11,51,52].…”

Section: Case Studies Documenting Photosensitization In Grazing Herbimentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary Plant Products Causing Photosensitization in Grazing Herbivores: Their Structure, Activity and Regulation

Quinn

Kessell

Weston

2014

IJMS

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Photosensitivity in animals is defined as a severe dermatitis that results from a heightened reactivity of skin cells and associated dermal tissues upon their exposure to sunlight, following ingestion or contact with UV reactive secondary plant products. Photosensitivity occurs in animal cells as a reaction that is mediated by a light absorbing molecule, specifically in this case a plant-produced metabolite that is heterocyclic or polyphenolic. In sensitive animals, this reaction is most severe in non-pigmented skin which has the least protection from UV or visible light exposure. Photosensitization in a biological system such as the epidermis is an oxidative or other chemical change in a molecule in response to light-induced excitation of endogenous or exogenously-delivered molecules within the tissue. Photo-oxidation can also occur in the plant itself, resulting in the generation of reactive oxygen species, free radical damage and eventual DNA degradation. Similar cellular changes occur in affected herbivores and are associated with an accumulation of photodynamic molecules in the affected dermal tissues or circulatory system of the herbivore. Recent advances in our ability to identify and detect secondary products at trace levels in the plant and surrounding environment, or in organisms that ingest plants, have provided additional evidence for the role of secondary metabolites in photosensitization of grazing herbivores. This review outlines the role of unique secondary products produced by higher plants in the animal photosensitization process, describes their chemistry and localization in the plant as well as impacts of the environment upon their production, discusses their direct and indirect effects on associated animal systems and presents several examples of well-characterized plant photosensitization in animal systems.

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“…Furanocoumarin chemistry and content vary between plant parts and growth stages. Both Knudsen (1983) using material from Denmark and Pira et al (1989) using material from Italy found maximum levels in the fruit, with intermediate levels in the leaves, followed by the roots, and the lowest levels in the stem. Psoralen was the predominant furanocoumarin in the leaves and bergapten in the fruit (Pira et al 1989).…”

Section: Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Biology of Invasive Alien Plants in Canada. 4. Heracleum mantegazzianum Sommier & Levier

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Wall

Darbyshire³

et al. 2006

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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Heracleum mantegazzianum Sommier & Levier. Can. J. Plant Sci. 86: 569-589. Heracleum mantegazzianum (giant hogweed) is an invasive alien plant of management concern in southern Canada where it has escaped from horticulture and established and spread in natural, ruderal, and agricultural ecosystems. It poses a threat to natural ecosystems and human health, and is also a weed in agricultural and urban areas. It is a member of the Carrot family (Apiaceae) and is closely related to the native species Heracleum maximum Bartram (cow-parsnip). It is a monocarpic perennial, which generally flowers in its 3rd or 4th year. Large size, leaf shape, dark reddish pigments in patches on stems and petioles, and fruit characteristics readily distinguish H. mantegazzianum from other plants in Canada. It is increasingly common in riparian areas, floodplains, and forest edges in or near urban areas in southwestern British Columbia and southern Ontario. Based on herbarium specimens, H. mantegazzianum was first recorded in Ontario in 1949, British Columbia in 1964, Nova Scotia in 1980, Quebec in 1990, and New Brunswick in 2000. The development of dense stands of H. mantegazzianum can also reduce the richness of native plants. Contact with H. mantegazzianum can cause phytophotodermatitis, a serious skin inflammation caused by UV photo-activation of furanocoumarins present in the sap. Control methods include herbicide application, mechanical cutting, and animal grazing, but strategies to address seed dispersal and re-establishment from dormant seed must also be adopted. Widespread establishment in southern Canada suggests that eradication is unlikely. However, range expansion and rapid population growth can be prevented through strategic management including public education. Heracleum mantegazzianum (berce du Caucase) est une espèce exotique envahissante qui préoccupe les producteurs du sud du Canada, car la plante s'est échappée des jardins pour coloniser les écosystèmes naturels, rudéraux et agricoles. En plus d'être une adventice dans les régions agricoles et urbaines, l'espèce s'avère une menace pour les écosystèmes naturels et la santé humaine. Membre de la famille de la carotte (Apiacées), la berce du Caucase est étroitement apparentée à l'espèce indigène Heracleum maximum Bartram (berce laineuse). Cette vivace monocarpienne fleurit habituellement la troisième ou la quatrième année. Il est facile de la distinguer des autres plantes à cause de sa grande taille, de la forme de ses feuilles, des taches rouge foncé sur la tige et les pétioles et des fruits très caractéristiques. On la trouve de plus en plus dans les habitats riverains, les plaines inondables et la lisière des forêts, ou à proximité des zones urbaines dans le sud-ouest de la ColombieBritannique et le sud de l'Ontario. D'après les spécimens conservés dans les herbiers, H. mantegazzianum a été identifiée pour la première fois en 1949 en Ontario, en 1964 en Colombie-Britannique, en 1980 en Nouvelle-Écosse, en 1990 au Québec et en 2000 au Nouveau-Brunswick. Le développem...

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Seasonal variations in the content of phototoxic compounds in giant hogweed

Cited by 12 publications

References 11 publications

Heracleum mantegazzianum growth phases and furocoumarin content

Heracleum mantegazzianum growth phases and furocoumarin content

Secondary Plant Products Causing Photosensitization in Grazing Herbivores: Their Structure, Activity and Regulation

The Biology of Invasive Alien Plants in Canada. 4. Heracleum mantegazzianum Sommier & Levier

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