Seasonal variation of gaseous mercury exchange rate between air and water surface over Baihua reservoir, Guizhou, China

Feng, Xinbin; Yan, Haiyu; Wang, Shaofeng; Qiu, Guangle; Tang, Shunlin; Shang, Lihai; Dai, Qianjing; Hou, Ying

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.05.023

Cited by 81 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In China, wet deposition of 35 µg m −2 yr −1 was reported in a rural area (Wujiang River Basin) in Guizhou in 2006 (Guo et al, 2008). Also, wet deposition of 150 µg m −2 yr −1 and dry deposition of 170 µg m −2 yr −1 in the urban area of Changchun from July 1999 to July 2000 were also reported (Feng et al, 2004b). …”

Section: Model-predicted Mercury Deposition In East Asiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating mercury emission outflow from East Asia using CMAQ-Hg

et al. 2010

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Abstract. East Asia contributes to nearly 50% of the global anthropogenic mercury emissions into the atmosphere. Recently, there have been concerns about the long-range transport of mercury from East Asia, which may lead to enhanced dry and wet depositions in other regions. In this study, we performed four monthly simulations (January, April, July and October in 2005) using CMAQ-Hg v4.6 for a number of emission inventory scenarios in an East Asian model domain. Coupled with mass balance analyses, the chemical transport of mercury in East Asia and the resulted mercury emission outflow were investigated. The total annual mercury deposition in the region was estimated to be 821 Mg, with 396 Mg contributed by wet deposition and 425 Mg by dry deposition. Anthropogenic emissions were responsible for most of the estimated deposition (75%). The deposition caused by emissions from natural sources was less important (25%). Regional mercury transport budgets showed strong seasonal variability, with a net removal of RGM (7-15 Mg month −1 ) and PHg (13-21 Mg month −1 ) in the domain, and a net export of GEM (60-130 Mg month −1 ) from the domain. The outflow caused by East Asian emissions (anthropogenic plus natural) was estimated to be in the range of 1369-1671 Mg yr −1 , of which 50-60% was caused by emissions from natural sources. The emission outflow repCorrespondence to: C.-J. Lin (jerry.lin@lamar.edu) resented about 75% of the total mercury emissions in the region, and would contribute to 20-30% of mercury deposition in remote receptors.

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Section: Model-predicted Mercury Deposition In East Asiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating mercury emission outflow from East Asia using CMAQ-Hg

et al. 2010

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“…The river was heavily polluted by an acetic acid plant that used Hg as a catalyst for more than 25 years (1958-1982). The Baihua Reservoir in Guizhou Province is another example of the same type of pollution [118]. Both sites showed significantly elevated Hg concentrations in both water and sediment (Table 2).…”

Section: Mercury In Heavily Contaminated Sitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental mercury in China: A review

Lin

Vogt

Larssen

2012

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

103

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Abstract-Mercury is a global pollutant that can be transported over long distances and can bioaccumulate. Currently, China is the country that contributes most to atmospheric Hg emissions and has the greatest intentional (industrial) use of Hg. Mercury in the Chinese environment is generally elevated, particularly in air and water bodies. Remote areas in China also show elevated Hg levels in air and water bodies compared to other rural regions in the world. Large river estuaries are often heavily affected by upstream industrial sources.

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“…Photochemically induced Hg II reduction is the predominant pathway of DGM formation in surface water (Amyot et al, 1994(Amyot et al, , 1997aCosta and Liss, 1999;Lalonde et al, 2001;Feng et al, 2004). Zhang (2006) summarized the Hg photochemical redox chemical process.…”

Section: Air-water Hg Exchangementioning

confidence: 99%

Global observations and modeling of atmosphere–surface exchange of elemental mercury: a critical review

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Reliable quantification of air-surface fluxes of elemental Hg vapor (Hg 0 ) is crucial for understanding mercury (Hg) global biogeochemical cycles. There have been extensive measurements and modeling efforts devoted to estimating the exchange fluxes between the atmosphere and various surfaces (e.g., soil, canopies, water, snow, etc.) in the past three decades. However, large uncertainties remain due to the complexity of Hg 0 bidirectional exchange, limitations of flux quantification techniques and challenges in model parameterization. In this study, we provide a critical review on the state of science in the atmosphere-surface exchange of Hg 0 . Specifically, the advancement of flux quantification techniques, mechanisms in driving the air-surface Hg exchange and modeling efforts are presented. Due to the semi-volatile nature of Hg 0 and redox transformation of Hg in environmental media, Hg deposition and evasion are influenced by multiple environmental variables including seasonality, vegetative coverage and its life cycle, temperature, light, moisture, atmospheric turbulence and the presence of reactants (e.g., O 3 , radicals, etc.). However, the effects of these processes on flux have not been fundamentally and quantitatively determined, which limits the accuracy of flux modeling.We compile an up-to-date global observational flux database and discuss the implication of flux data on the global Hg budget. Mean Hg 0 fluxes obtained by micrometeorological measurements do not appear to be significantly greater than the fluxes measured by dynamic flux chamber methods over unpolluted surfaces (p = 0.16, one-tailed, Mann-Whitney U test). The spatiotemporal coverage of existing Hg 0 flux measurements is highly heterogeneous with large data gaps existing in multiple continents (Africa, South Asia, Middle East, South America and Australia). The magnitude of the evasion flux is strongly enhanced by human activities, particularly at contaminated sites. Hg 0 flux observations in East Asia are comparatively larger in magnitude than the rest of the world, suggesting substantial re-emission of previously deposited mercury from anthropogenic sources. The Hg 0 exchange over pristine surfaces (e.g., background soil and water) and vegetation needs better constraints for global analyses of the atmospheric Hg budget. The existing knowledge gap and the associated research needs for future measurements and modeling efforts for the air-surface exchange of Hg 0 are discussed.

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Seasonal variation of gaseous mercury exchange rate between air and water surface over Baihua reservoir, Guizhou, China

Cited by 81 publications

References 32 publications

Estimating mercury emission outflow from East Asia using CMAQ-Hg

Estimating mercury emission outflow from East Asia using CMAQ-Hg

Environmental mercury in China: A review

Global observations and modeling of atmosphere–surface exchange of elemental mercury: a critical review

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