Seasonal variation of cadmium toxicity toward the alga Selenastrum capricornutum Printz in two lakes with different humus content

Lægreid, M.; Alstad, J.; Klaveness, Dag; Seip, H. M.

doi:10.1021/es00112a010

Cited by 43 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…Ogiwara and Kodaira (1989) support this finding with data showing that the stability constant for the DOC-copper complex was 10 times higher during the growth phase than that occurring after the population crash. In contrast, Laegreid et al (1983) observed higher cadmium toxicity during the growth sea-son, which they attributed to qualitative differences in DOC.…”

Section: Algal Biomass Doc and Ph Effects On Ionic Copper And Toxicitysupporting

confidence: 63%

“…One study of repeated copper additions to lake enclosures concluded that DOC, which increased in the spring with biological activity, was a seasonal controlling variable of copper effects (Winner et al 1990). Laegreid et al (1983) also found seasonal variation in cadmium toxicity, which they attributed to qualitative changes in DOC. Another study by Wangersky et al (1989) found that as the phytoplankton community developed, copper speciation shifted from predominantly inorganic to organically complexed, even though no metals were added to their mesocosm system.…”

Section: Significance For Ecosystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Copper Dynamics and the Mechanism of Ecosystem Level Recovery in a Standardized Aquatic Microcosm

Meador¹,

Taub²,

Sibley³

1993

Ecological Applications

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The Standardized Aquatic Microcosm (SAM) was used to assess the effects and behavior of copper at the ecosystem level. The concentration of algal cells and Daphnia magna, pH, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and dissolved and ionic copper concentration were measured for 489 d and used to explain the recovery sequence of a community of organisms. The results indicate that a resistant algal species was crucial for initiating the recovery sequence in these microcosms and that the timing of D. magna blooms was variable but highly correlated with decreasing ionic copper. In order to explain copper toxicity and the success of the recovery phase, a stepwise analysis of the functional role of the resistant algal species Oocystis pusilla, and the tolerance of D. magna was undertaken. These process studies determined that O. pusilla was a suitable food for D. magna, and that this algal species could also act as a major ligand for copper, although sorption was probably important only for a limited time during the bloom. These studies also concluded that copper bioavailability controlled toxicity because it was shown that D. magna from the microcosms exhibited no resistance to copper toxicity, even though the dissolved copper concentration was 5 times the LC50 value (concentration lethal to 50% of the population). DOC and pH, which were controlled by algal metabolism, were probably important for decreasing ionic copper, which allowed the recovery sequence to begin. Additional studies showed that the microcosm-derived DOC was able to complex copper at low pH and that DOC was highly correlated with reduced concentrations of ionic copper.

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Section: Algal Biomass Doc and Ph Effects On Ionic Copper And Toxicitysupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Significance For Ecosystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Copper Dynamics and the Mechanism of Ecosystem Level Recovery in a Standardized Aquatic Microcosm

Meador¹,

Taub²,

Sibley³

1993

Ecological Applications

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“…Speciation was determined in a few studies, and some of these [3–5] support the assumption of nontoxic metal complexes with DOM. Other research [6–9], however, has shown greater than expected metal toxicity in the presence of DOM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Toxicity to embryo and adult zebrafish of copper complexes with two malonic acids as models for dissolved organic matter

Palmer

Butler²,

Timperley

et al. 1998

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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The toxicity to embryo and adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) of Cu complexes with two substituted malonic acids, benzyl‐ and n‐hexadecyl‐, chosen as models for low‐molecular‐weight natural dissolved organic matter, were investigated. Toxicity test solutions at pH 6.5 ± 0.1 with the required Cu speciation were designed using the chemical speciation model MINTEQA2, and the speciation was confirmed by Cu ion‐specific electrode. In the absence of malonic acids, concentrations of Cu2+ up to 1.13 μmol/ L increased the embryo hatching time from approx. 2 d in control solutions (no Cu or malonic acid) and solutions containing malonic acids without Cu to approx. 8 d. The Cu‐benzylmalonic acid complex (n‐octanol/water distribution coefficient [ρow] = 0.00) in the presence of inorganic Cu species did not delay hatching beyond that attributable to Cu2+, In contrast, 0.60 μmol/L Cu‐n‐hexadecylmalonic complexes (ρow = 6.89) delayed hatching by 5.5 d in excess of that attributable to 1.13 μmol/L Cu2+, assuming that the hatching delays caused by the different Cu species were additive, possibly because of Cu entry into the embryo as the lipophilic Cu‐ n‐hexadecylmalonic complex. None of the Cu‐malonic acid complexes was acutely toxic to adult zebrafish at concentrations up to 1.4 μmol/L, possibly because Cu was removed from the Cu‐malonic acid complexes by stronger chelating groups at the gill surface. Substituted malonic acids with similar proton and Cu association constants can be readily prepared with a variety of simple substituents, radiolabeled if required. Our results show that these acids could be useful ligands for investigating intracellular transport and metabolism of metal‐organic complexes.

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“…They have also been utilized as biomonitoring systems to determine the Ž toxicity threshold in the environment Bringmann and . Khun, 1980;Laegreld et al, 1983 . There are reports about the utilization of some species of the genus Chlorella growing in media containing heavy metals, for evaluating the metal toxicity, the microalgae tolerance and the metal removal. Available data from these experiments support the possibility of using microalgae …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute toxicity toDaphnia magna of effluents containing Cd, Zn, and a mixture Cd-Zn, after metal removal byChlorella vulgaris

2000

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Daphnia magna was used as a test organism for assessing the toxicity remaining in simulated effluents containing cadmium, zinc, and a cadmium-zinc mixture, after these metals were removed with suspended and immobilized Chlorella vulgaris cultures. The percentage of removal was ( ) higher 84.7% for cadmium in the metal mixture with immobilized cultures. The LC value was lower 50 ( ) for the residual cadmium single and in the mixture in the effluent after treatment with suspended cultures. The acute toxicity response observed in D. magna, indicates that zinc has an antagonistic effect on cadmium toxicity. According to the results, the treatment system can modify the Cd acute residual toxicity. ᮊ

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Seasonal variation of cadmium toxicity toward the alga Selenastrum capricornutum Printz in two lakes with different humus content

Cited by 43 publications

References 14 publications

Copper Dynamics and the Mechanism of Ecosystem Level Recovery in a Standardized Aquatic Microcosm

Copper Dynamics and the Mechanism of Ecosystem Level Recovery in a Standardized Aquatic Microcosm

Toxicity to embryo and adult zebrafish of copper complexes with two malonic acids as models for dissolved organic matter

Acute toxicity toDaphnia magna of effluents containing Cd, Zn, and a mixture Cd-Zn, after metal removal byChlorella vulgaris

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