Seasonal variation in the transport of suspended matter in the East China Sea

Yanagi, Tetsuo; Takahashi, Satoru; Hoshika, Akira; Tanimoto, Terumi

doi:10.1007/bf02238320

Cited by 50 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…are trying to define the fractional contribution from the Choshui River to the mud patch in the central TS and even to China's coastal mud belt by using clay mineral composition. Here in this paper, we prefer off-shelf transport from inner to outer shelf, which is better supported by sediment trap experiments and numerical model outputs in the East China Sea (Yanagi et al 1996;Iseki et al 2003;Oguri et al 2003).…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Sediment Budget in the Taiwan Strait with High Fluvial Sediment Inputs from Mountainous Rivers: New Observations and Synthesis

Kao¹,

Jan²,

Hsu³

et al. 2008

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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The shallow Taiwan Strait at the southern opening of the East China Sea (ECS) receives abundant sediments from turbid mountainous rivers in Taiwan. The volume of sediment is among the highest sediment yields on the global surface. This large amount of sediment discharged from modern Taiwan (range: 175 -380 Mt y -1 based on 50-yr data) is comparable to that discharged from Changjaing (500 Mt y -1 -decreasing in recent decades), underscoring the importance of sediment budget in the Taiwan Strait and sediment flux from Taiwan into the ECS. We documented fluvial mud and sand concentrations during flash flooding with our observations indicating that fluvial materials in Taiwan's rivers are chiefly composed of mud (> 70% and up to 98%). By contrast, sand fraction dominates (> 85% for most stations) surface sediments in the Taiwan Strait. Super typhoon Herb alone delivered 130 Mt of sediments from Choshui, the largest river in Taiwan, yet only insignificant amounts of mud were found at the river mouth six months later. The actions of waves, tides, and currents apparently prevent the deposition of fine grained sediments. Assuming sand occupied 30% (the maximum) of the 60 Mt y -1 total sediment input from major western Taiwanese rivers, our annual budget estimate shows that the amount of sand input (18 ± 5 Mt y -1 ) is comparable to the burial output of sand (12 ± 10 Mt y -1 ). However, mud burial (6 ± 5 Mt y -1 ) in the strait is far below the estimated mud input (42 ± 11 Mt y -1 ), resulting in a significant shortfall. Hydrodynamic conditions were synthesized to explain the distribution pattern of limited mud patches in the strait and to reveal potential pathways by which fine-grain sediment transportation takes place in the seas surrounding Taiwan. A significant shortfall in the mud budget in the Taiwan Strait suggests that~85% of the fluvial mud left the strait. Alternatively, the 50-year modern sediment flux data used in this study reflects exacerbated sediment flux due to human activity and is possibly too high to represent loads during pre-Anthropocene. Additional studies are needed to explore the flux and fate of mud in and surrounding Taiwan over a longer time scale.

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mentioning

confidence: 94%

Sediment Budget in the Taiwan Strait with High Fluvial Sediment Inputs from Mountainous Rivers: New Observations and Synthesis

Kao¹,

Jan²,

Hsu³

et al. 2008

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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“…SPM is, in general, transported from the coast to the shelf edge and its transport is the largest in fall. However, in summer, the direction of the transport is reported to be reversed 29 . High turbid water is constantly seen near the bottom in a wide area of the shelf 20,23 .…”

Section: Suspended Particulate Mattermentioning

confidence: 99%

A Possible Collaboration with China on Marine Ecosystem Research in the East China Sea

Takayanagi¹,

Nishiuchi²,

Yokouchi

et al. 2006

JARQ

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The East China Sea is a productive sea. Its annual total fishery production including the Yellow Sea is about 9.2 million tons, about 10% of the world's total fishery production. For a sustainable development and wise use of natural resources in the East China Sea, cooperative international programs on marine ecosystem research among surrounding countries, China, Korea, Taiwan and Japan, are necessary. In this review paper, published papers and reports on the East China Sea are summarized and possible collaborative researches with the surrounding countries, especially with China, are sought.

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“…Others, however, have demonstrated that sediments along the middle and northern slope of the trough derive mainly from the Changjiang or old Huanghe River. Some in the latter group believes that wind-driven transverse circulations in winter could resuspend inner shelf sediments of the Changjiang River and produce seaward bottom fl ows that transport these sediments to the Okinawa Trough (Hu, 1995;Yanagi et al, 1996;Peng and Hu, 1997;Hoshika et al, 2003;Iseki et al, 2003). Other researchers in this group, however, believe that the source of terrigenous materials in the trough is mainly the old Huanghe River submarine delta, and that these materials are resuspended by strong wind-driven currents and are subsequently carried to the Okinawa Trough by crossshelf fl ow forced by collision of the Yellow Sea …”

Section: Clay Mineral and Provenance Implicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the Okinawa Trough was still submerged and recorded the change of current and climate (Li et al, 2001). It has been demonstrated that in modern times, offshore export of particles in the bottom nepheloid layer occurs primarily with downwelling and seaward bottom fl ow induced by the northeast winter monsoon, which is inhibited by a transverse circulation pattern in summer (Yang et al, 1992;Yanagi et al, 1996;Yuan et al, 2008). Although there is a bottom nepheloid layer in the shelf area in summer, it contributes less to the Okinawa Trough because of resistance of the Taiwan Warm Current and a "water barrier" engendered by Kuroshio subsurface-intermediate water (Yang et al, 1992;Hoshika et al, 2003;Iseki et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of the modern current system in the East China Sea since the early Holocene and its relationship with sea level and the monsoon system

Zheng

Wan

et al. 2015

Chin. J. Ocean. Limnol.

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The Okinawa Trough is a natural laboratory for the study of air-sea interaction and paleoenvironmental change. It has been demonstrated that present offshore export of particles in the bottom nepheloid layer occur primarily with downwelling from the northeast winter monsoon, which is inhibited by a transverse circulation pattern in summer. This current system was very different during the Last Glacial Maximum owing to low sea level (-120 m) and exposure of a large shelf area. We collected sediment core Oki01 from the middle Okinawa Trough during 2012 using R/V Kexue No . 1 to elucidate the timing and cause of the current system transition in the East China Sea. Clay mineral, dry density, and elemental (Ti, Ca) composition of core Oki01 was analyzed. The results indicate that clay minerals derived mainly from the Huanghe (Yellow) and the Changjiang (Yangtze) Rivers during 16.0-11.6 ka, and the modern current system in the East China Sea formed beginning in the early Holocene. Therefore, mixing of East China Sea continental shelf, Changjiang River and partially Taiwan Island sediment are the major contributors. The decrease of log(Ti/Ca) and alternating provenance since the early Holocene indicate less sediment from the East China in summer because of resistance of the modern current system, i.e., a "water barrier" and upwelling. Conversely, sediment delivery persists in winter and log(Ti/Ca) indicates the winter monsoon signal since the early Holocene. Our evidence also suggests that sediment from Taiwan Island could be transported by the Kuroshio Current to the middle Okinawa Trough, where it mingles with winter monsooninduced export of sediment from the Changjiang River and East China Sea continental shelf. Although the present research advances understanding of the evolutionary history of paleoenvironmental change in the Okinawa Trough, more sediment cores should be retrieved over wide areas to construct a larger scenario.

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Seasonal variation in the transport of suspended matter in the East China Sea

Cited by 50 publications

References 7 publications

Sediment Budget in the Taiwan Strait with High Fluvial Sediment Inputs from Mountainous Rivers: New Observations and Synthesis

Sediment Budget in the Taiwan Strait with High Fluvial Sediment Inputs from Mountainous Rivers: New Observations and Synthesis

A Possible Collaboration with China on Marine Ecosystem Research in the East China Sea

Formation of the modern current system in the East China Sea since the early Holocene and its relationship with sea level and the monsoon system

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