Seasonal variation in the frost hardiness of Scots pine and Norway spruce in old provenance experiments in Finland

Beuker, Egbert; Valtonen, Esko; Repo, Tapani

doi:10.1016/s0378-1127(97)00344-7

Cited by 63 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Exploration of nucleotide variation at cold-hardiness-related genes in Pseudotsuga menziesii revealed signatures of selection at some loci (Eckert et al, 2009). At the phenotypic level, significant variation among different provenances and even clinal patterns along geographical or environmental gradients have been reported frequently, related mostly to latitude, which is associated not only with changes in precipitation and temperature regimes but also with photoperiod, known to play an important role in tree phenology (Beuker et al, 1998;Lu et al, 2003;Aldrete et al, 2008). Occasionally also clines or between-provenance contrasts associated with longitude or continentality (Thomas and Lester, 1992;Jensen and Deans, 2004;Eysteinsson et al, 2009) or altitude (Saenz-Romero and TapiaOlivares, 2008) have been recorded.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Norway Spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) Provenance Variation in Autumn Cold Hardiness: Adaptation or Acclimation?

Gömöry¹,

Foffová²,

Kmeť³

et al. 2010

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia Series Botanica

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We tested autumn frost hardiness in three Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) provenances originating from different altitudes at two trial plots in Slovakia (Vel'ký Lom at 450 m a.s.l., Mútne-Zákamenné at 1,250 m a.s.l.) in a spinoff experiment of the IUFRO 1964/68 Inventory Provenance Experiment with Norway spruce. Two approaches were used to assess hardiness: the electrolyte-leakage method based on artificial freezing, and measurements of chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters. The frost injury index at -20°C differed between provenances, with a significant provenance-by-plot interaction. In material from the lower-altitude Vel'ký Lom trial plot, the high-elevation TANAP provenance exhibited much lower frost injury than the middle-elevation Habovka and low-elevation Beòuš provenances. In material from the high-altitude Mútne-Zákamenné trial plot, all three tested provenances showed approximately the same degree of frost injury. At -80°C no differences between provenances were observed, and the trees growing at the high-elevation site exhibited lower average frost injury than the trees at Vel'ký Lom. Most parameters of the kinetics of chlorophyll a fluorescence followed the same trends as frost injury, and differed significantly between plots. We suggest that the observed differences resulted from acclimation of trees to the conditions of the trial plots rather than from adaptation through natural selection.K Ke ey y w wo or rd ds s: : Picea abies, Norway spruce, IUFRO 1964/68, cold hardiness, chlorophyll fluorescence, electrolyte leakage, provenance research.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Norway Spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) Provenance Variation in Autumn Cold Hardiness: Adaptation or Acclimation?

Gömöry¹,

Foffová²,

Kmeť³

et al. 2010

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia Series Botanica

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“…Some authors (Beuker et al 1998;Kvaalen, Johnsen 2008) also observed that provenance responses to a photoperiod are more pronounced than to temperature. This means a more important relation between growth and latitude than with temperature, which was also confirmed by our results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Trees in permanent provenance plots were lat- er evaluated for not only production and health-state characteristics, but also for physiological/phenological characteristics of spruce, such as the time of flushing and forming buds ), frost resistance (Repo 1992;Beuker et al 1998;Johnsen et al 2005;Gömöry et al 2010), drought resistance (Modrzyński, Eriksson 2002;Chmura 2006), response to photoperiod (Beuker et al 1998;Johnsen et al 2005;Skrøppa et al 2009), estimation of provenance stability at possible climate change (Beaulieu, Raiville 2005;O'neill et al 2008;Gömöry et al 2012), physiological characteristics (Oleksyn et al 1998) and lately also genetic studies (Goncharenko et al 1995;Beaulieu, Raiville 2005;Mengl et al 2009;Tollefsrud et al 2009;Schiessl et al 2010;Gömöry et al 2012;Romšáková et al 2012).…”

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confidence: 99%

Picea abies provenance test in the Czech Republic after 36 years - Central European provenances

Ulbrichová¹,

Podrázský²,

Beran³

et al. 2015

J. For. Sci.

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ABSTRACT:Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) provenances from Central Europe (Hercynian-Sudetes area) were evaluated in a long-term experimental project (Germany-Czech Republic) 36 years after the outplanting. The growth characteristics, mortality and qualitative morphological characteristics of 64 spruce provenances were evaluated on the experimental plot Ledeč-Zaháj, in the Czech-Moravian Highland region of the Czech Republic, in typical conditions for Norway spruce cultivation. Results show 15-20% differences in height and radial growth between provenances and insignificant differences in qualitative characteristics e.g. stem shape, branch density and shape and also health state. Environmental variables that significantly influenced production characteristics include longitude, latitude and altitude of the original locations of the provenances, while average annual temperature and average annual precipitation were not significant. Given conditions of the experimental plot, optimal production occurred with those provenances originally from 49-51 N latitude and 13-20 E longitude.

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“…Even the lowest measured frost hardiness of any adult tree (i.e., A. glutinosa with a frost hardiness of -22.6 °C) was high enough to safely survive under the climatic winter conditions in the study region. Many studies has investigated local adaptation to frost, demonstrating a relationship between frost hardiness and the climatic conditions of the populations' geographic origins, with species from northern provenances or higher elevation being more frost tolerant than species from southern provenances or lower elevation (Beuker et al 1998, Jensen & Deans 2004, Aldrete et al 2008, Kathke & Bruelheide 2011, Kreyling et al 2012. In particular, species with a wide distribution range such as Quercus robur L. have developed ecotypes with respect to frost hardiness (Deans & Harvey 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between frost hardiness of adults and seedlings of different tree species

Hofmann¹,

Jager²,

Bruelheide³

2014

iForest

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© iForest -Biogeosciences and Forestry IntroductionOut of all factors worldwide that potentially limit geographical distribution ranges of plants, minimum temperatures are considered the most important (Woodward 1987, Dahl 1998, Holten 1998. In particular, frost is thought to be the cause of northern and eastern distribution range boundaries of plant species in Europe (Sakai & Larcher 1987, Pither 2003, Kreyling 2010. The coincidence between species distribution boundaries and freezing temperature thresholds has been already demonstrated for various plant species (Sakai & Larcher 1987, Huntley 1990, Woodward 1997. For example, Fagus sylvatica L. does not occur in regions with a mean temperature in January below -3 °C (Bolte et al. 2007). However, these observations are purely based on correlations and knowledge on which plant organs are affected by frost in which phenological state is virtually absent. Low temperatures affect individuals directly or indirectly by frost dehydration (Pearce 2001, Beck et al. 2004, whereby single cells up to the whole organism can be damaged (Weiser 1970, Pearce 2001. Thus, tree species in the northern hemisphere have evolved a certain frost hardiness despite the high energetic costs involved (Huner et al. 1998). Frost hardiness of European plant species shows a seasonal pattern and at the end of the growing season it is induced by decreasing temperatures (Xin & Browse 2000, Repo et al. 2001, Beck et al. 2004 and is brought about by accumulation of carbohydrates and dehydration of the cells, tissues and organs (Siminovitch & Briggs 1953, Sakai & Larcher 1987, Améglio et al. 2004, Thomas et al. 2004, Morin et al. 2007, Callister et al. 2008.Long-lived plant species go through various development stages with different environmental condition requirements. It is wellknown that frost hardiness varies along the plant life cycle (Sakai & Larcher 1987, Bigras et al. 2004, Taschler et al. 2004, with seedlings exhibiting a lower frost hardiness than adults. For example, Morin et al. (2007) showed for different European Quercus species that adults were significantly more frosttolerant than seedlings. However, despite such differences in frost tolerance between adults and juveniles, one would expect that frost tolerance mechanisms of different ontogenetic stages are similar for a given species. Moreover, seedlings and adults might not share the same micro-environment but are exposed to the same macro-climate at any growth location. In consequence, the survival and growth of seedlings of the tree species Acer pictum subsp. mono (Maximowicz) H. Ohashi and Fagus crenata Blume were found to be in accordance with the distribution patterns of the adult individuals of these species in Japan (Masaki et al. 2005).Periods of low temperatures are critical events in the development of tree seedlings. While seeds of temperate tree species are generally frost-tolerant down to -196 °C (Sakai & Larcher 1987), they lose frost hardiness with the onset of germination (Marcante et al. 2012). As most temperate an...

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Seasonal variation in the frost hardiness of Scots pine and Norway spruce in old provenance experiments in Finland

Cited by 63 publications

References 37 publications

Norway Spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) Provenance Variation in Autumn Cold Hardiness: Adaptation or Acclimation?

Norway Spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) Provenance Variation in Autumn Cold Hardiness: Adaptation or Acclimation?

Picea abies provenance test in the Czech Republic after 36 years - Central European provenances

Relationship between frost hardiness of adults and seedlings of different tree species

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