Seasonal Variation in Diurnal Photosynthesis and Chlorophyll Fluorescence of Four Genotypes of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) under Irrigation Conditions in a Tropical Savanna Climate

Santanoo, Supranee; Vongcharoen, Kochaphan; Banterng, Poramate; Vorasoot, Nimitr; Jogloy, Sanun; Roytrakul, Sittiruk; Theerakulpisut, Piyada

doi:10.3390/agronomy9040206

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…Satisfactory performances for CMR38-125-77 on chlorophyll fluorescence, storage root dry weight, growth rate, total dry weight, starch content and starch yield have been reported in the previous investigations conducted in different upper paddy fields in rotation with rice (off-season) [12,13,35], as well as experiments conducted in different growing seasons under full irrigation in Thailand [23]. A study reported by Santanoo et al [36] also showed that although CMR38-125-77 had moderate photosynthesis, it had high-water use efficiency and efficient protective mechanisms, including high non-photochemical quenching and leaf drooping. These were useful traits for growth performance and canopy development for this cassava genotype.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Accumulation Dynamics of Starch and Its Granule Size Distribution of Cassava Genotypes at Different Growing Seasons

et al. 2020

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This study aims to evaluate seasonal variation on starch production of different cassava genotypes planted under irrigated condition. Three cassava genotypes (Kasetsart 50, Rayong 11 and CMR38-125-77) were evaluated in two different growing seasons, i.e., early rainy seasons (ERS) and post rainy seasons (PRS) for two years. A randomized complete block design with four replicates was employed in each growing season. The starch yield was more strongly associated with growing season (28.3%), whereas starch content, amylose content, amylose-amylopectin ratio were more associated with genotypes (19.9–30.7%). Planting cassava in the ERS had rapid growth rates of starch yield and granule size in early growth stages, whereas planting cassava in the PRS had rapid growth rates of these traits in the middle to late growth stages. Cassava planted in the PRS had higher starch yield than the ERS for most genotypes except for Rayong 11, which had no significant differences between growing seasons. The yield and content of starch and size of starch granule continuously increased from four to twelve months after planting (MAP) for most cassava genotypes. Unlike other genotypes, CMR38-125-77 in the ERS gave the highest starch yield and its granule at 10 MAP; however, at 12 MAP, it was still higher than other genotypes. CMR38-125-77 was a preferable genotype, since it had a faster rate of starch formation and more starch and amylose contents, as well as starch yield in both ERS and PRS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Accumulation Dynamics of Starch and Its Granule Size Distribution of Cassava Genotypes at Different Growing Seasons

et al. 2020

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“…Relative humidity also affects the uptake of water and nutrients, as well as photosynthesis. The leaf photosynthetic rate of cassava varied among the genotypes from 25-31 µmol (CO 2 ) m −2 s −1 in higher RH, and 7-20 µmol (CO 2 ) m −2 s −1 in lower RH environments, in which the differences among the cassava genotypes were possibly due to the stomatal adjustment [34,35]. Accordingly, the production of cassava in more humid environments (at 70% RH) had more total biomass and storage root yield than in low RH at 30% [36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Evaluation of Macro-Nutrient Uptake by Cassava in a Tropical Savanna Climate

et al. 2021

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Matching fertilization with crop needs is important for maximizing yields and reducing fertilizer losses. Seasonal variation in nutrient uptake dynamics is poorly understood and thus, the ability to optimize fertilization strategies is limited. This study aims to investigate the effects of planting dates on macronutrient uptake dynamics in cassava genotypes with full irrigation. The performance of cassava genotypes, i.e., CMR38-125-77, Kasetsart 50 and Rayong 11, were evaluated in the early rainy (ERS) and post rainy seasons (PRS) for two years using a randomized complete block design with four replicates. The plants were harvested at 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. Planting dates had significant effects on the accumulation of dry matter and storage roots as well as nutrient uptakes and partitioning. On average, the total nutrient uptake per plant to produce 2831–3279 g of biomass with 1244–1810 g of storage roots in the ERS varied among cassava genotypes, ranging from 21.1–24.3 g N, 5.1–5.9 g P, 26.5–29.5 g K, 14.1–22.2 g Ca, 6.1–7.6 g Mg and 2.0–2.3 g S. The total nutrient uptake per plant to produce 3353–3824 g of biomass with 1604–2253 g of storage roots in the PRS ranged from 27.1–32.4 g N, 5.2–6.0 g P, 29.1–31.3 g K, 11.9–20.3 g Ca, 7.3–9.9 g Mg and 1.2–1.5 g S. In the ERS, the majority of the total nutrient uptake occurred at the early growth stages, whereas in the PRS, this occurred at the mid- to late growth stages. At final harvest, the percentages of nutrient removal by the storage roots for ERS were 24.7–36.0% N, 26.0–32.3% P, 43.4–51.5% K, 12.4–17.6% Ca, 22.2–31.5% Mg and 27.2–31.5% S, whereas in the PRS the percentages were 30.4–44.4% N, 33.3–41.6% P, 44.7–57.3% K, 12.0–15.1% Ca, 20.2–28.1% Mg and 12.0–25.4% S. CMR38-125-77 exhibited satisfactory performance in nutrient uptake, nutrient use efficiency and storage roots yield across the planting dates. The evidence obtained from this study would greatly facilitate more efficient adoption of precision agriculture in cassava production by applying recommended fertilizers, e.g., rates, kinds and timings, according to crop demand in each growing season in Thailand and for choosing superior cassava genotypes.

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“…The same leaves were then preadapted to a dark period for one hour by fixing special tags on each leaf blade before measurements were retaken. After one hour of dark adaptation, the sensor cup was fitted on the leaf for measurement of maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II photochemistry (Fv/Fm) [12,14,[18][19][20][21]. Relative water content (RWC) for those the same leaves as Pn and chlorophyll fluorescence evaluations were recorded between 9.00-10.00 a.m., where 1 cm 2 in leaf area was collected using a leaf disc borer.…”

Section: Soil Moisture Content =mentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiology, Growth and Yield of Different Cassava Genotypes Planted in Upland with Dry Environment during High Storage Root Accumulation Stage

et al. 2020

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Additional information on the physiological performances for different cassava genotypes would support better decision-making about desirable genetic resources for water-limited conditions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological expression and yield of eight different cassava genotypes grown under a dry environment during high storage root accumulation. The eight cassava genotypes, i.e., Kasetsart 50, Huay Bong 80, Rayong 5, Rayong 7, Rayong 9, Rayong 11, Rayong 90, and CMR38-125-77 were evaluated under rain-fed upland conditions at Khon Kaen University, Thailand, during 2018 to 2020. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was used. Soil moisture contents, chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm and Fv′/Fm′), net photosynthesis (Pn), stomatal conductance, water use efficiency (WUE), relative water content (RWC) for leaf, leaf area index (LAI), specific leaf area (SLA), starch content, crop dry weight, and starch yield were observed at 180, 270, and 360 days after planting (DAP), and weather data during the experimental period were also recorded. The results from both 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 indicated that Pn was positively and significantly correlated with stomatal conductance and Fv/Fm during the high storage root accumulation stage (270 and 360 DAP) with soil moisture content lower than field capacity. CMR38-125-77 had satisfactory performances in Pn, RWC, Fv/Fm, Fv′/Fm′, stomatal conductance, LAI, SLA, WUE, biomass, starch content, and starch yield at a last growth stage with soil moisture content lower than permanent wilting point. Significant association between crop dry weight and WUE at 360 DAP was recorded, and CMR38-125-77 and Kasetsart 50 were classified as favorable genotypes with high WUE and biomass.

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Seasonal Variation in Diurnal Photosynthesis and Chlorophyll Fluorescence of Four Genotypes of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) under Irrigation Conditions in a Tropical Savanna Climate

Cited by 20 publications

References 60 publications

Accumulation Dynamics of Starch and Its Granule Size Distribution of Cassava Genotypes at Different Growing Seasons

Accumulation Dynamics of Starch and Its Granule Size Distribution of Cassava Genotypes at Different Growing Seasons

Quantitative Evaluation of Macro-Nutrient Uptake by Cassava in a Tropical Savanna Climate

Physiology, Growth and Yield of Different Cassava Genotypes Planted in Upland with Dry Environment during High Storage Root Accumulation Stage

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