Seasonal Trends of Atmospheric Ice Nucleating Particles Over Tokyo

Tobo, Yutaka; Uetake, Jun; Matsui, Hitoshi; Moteki, Nobuhiro; Uji, Yasushi; Iwamoto, Yoko; Miura, Kazuhiko; Misumi, Ryohei

doi:10.1029/2020jd033658

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(79 reference statements)

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“…During May 2017, the temporal variability of simulated dust INP number concentrations is greater than that of observed INP number concentrations (Figure ). This result suggests that aerosols other than Asian dust may contribute to the INPs observed for the period lacking a dust event (Tobo et al., 2020), but further investigation of this possibility is needed. However, the model simulation well reproduces the INP number concentrations measured during the dust event (Figures and ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Our model underestimates the INP number concentrations observed at Tokyo Skytree by 15%-80%, but it reasonably well reproduces the observed temperature dependence of INP number concentrations at temperatures below −19°C (Figure 4). The observation suggests a stronger ice nucleating ability between −19°C and −10°C, which may be attributed to the presence of other aerosol particles such as biological aerosols (Tobo et al, 2013(Tobo et al, , 2020. During May 2017, the temporal variability of simulated dust INP number concentrations is greater than that of observed INP number concentrations (Figure S8).…”

Section: Model Evaluationsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Surface PM 10 concentrations measured in Japan and Korea were obtained from the Acid Deposition Monitoring Network in East Asia (EANET) at 14 different sites for the years 2013-2017 (Figure S3). We also used aerosol and INP concentration data observed at the 458-m level of Tokyo Skytree (35.71°N, 139.81°E) in Japan during May 2017, when dust concentrations were high (Tobo et al, 2020). Our simulation results were compared with size-resolved aerosol number concentrations measured with an optical particle counter (OPC) (KA-03, RION Co., Ltd.) with 5 channels (≥0.3, ≥0.5, ≥1, ≥2, and ≥5 μm).…”

Section: Methods and Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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High Potential of Asian Dust to Act as Ice Nucleating Particles in Mixed‐Phase Clouds Simulated With a Global Aerosol‐Climate Model

2021

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Mineral dust affects the microphysical and radiative properties of mixed‐phase clouds and hence the radiative balance of the Earth by acting as ice nucleating particles (INPs). However, the importance of Asian dust as INPs is not well understood. In this study, we examined the contribution of Asian dust to global dust INPs and its effect on cloud radiative forcing (CRF) using a global aerosol‐climate model with an ice nucleation parameterization that links INP number concentrations to ambient temperature and dust number concentrations. Our model well reproduces INP number concentrations measured over the Tokyo Metropolitan area in Japan during May 2017, when Asian dust was transported to Japan. Our simulation for the years 2013–2017 shows that Asian dust extends from its source regions (e.g., the Gobi and Taklimakan Deserts) to the North Pacific, North America, and the Arctic. Notably, Asian dust is transported to higher altitudes (i.e., to temperature regimes relevant for the formation of mixed‐phase clouds) more efficiently than dust from other regions. The annual‐mean simulated contribution of Asian dust to global dust INPs is 15%, which is 4.4 times higher than its contribution to global atmospheric dust loading (3.4%). These characteristics of Asian dust show its high potential to act as INPs in mixed‐phase clouds. Sensitivity simulations show that Asian dust INPs have a positive net CRF of 0.054–0.19 W m−2 in East Asia and the North Pacific during 2013–2017 (cf. 0.092–1.0 W m−2 for dust from other regions).

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Model Evaluationsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Methods and Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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High Potential of Asian Dust to Act as Ice Nucleating Particles in Mixed‐Phase Clouds Simulated With a Global Aerosol‐Climate Model

2021

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“…However, the VOL 350 INP concentration was mostly higher than that of NV 350 because VOL 350 had a number concentration one order of magnitude than that of NV 350 . The INP number concentration measured here was generally consistent with observations from anthropogenically polluted regions in China (10–700 L −1 ) (Bi et al., 2019; Yin et al., 2012), but higher than previous results reported from North America (10–100 L −1 ) (DeMott et al., 2017; Knopf et al., 2021; Tobo et al., 2013), Amazon (1–40 L −1 ) (Schrod et al., 2020), Europe (10–200 L −1 ) (Boose et al., 2016; Lacher et al., 2018; Schneider et al., 2021), Japan (1–50 L −1 ) (Tobo et al., 2020), and North and South polar region (<1 L −1 ) (Hartmann et al., 2021; Welti et al., 2020). A previous study using droplet arrays found no apparent link between INPs and anthropogenic pollution down to −25°C (Chen et al., 2018).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for Anthropogenic Organic Aerosols Contributing to Ice Nucleation

Tian

Liu

et al. 2022

Geophysical Research Letters

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Ice nucleation (IN) determines the microphysical properties of mixed-phase and cirrus clouds, thus exerting an important impact on weather and climate (Boucher et al., 2013;DeMott et al., 2010). Heterogeneous IN can occur above −38°C and requires ice nucleating particles (INPs) (Pruppacher & Klett, 1997), among which process immersion freezing from existing supercooled liquid water drops is the dominant mechanism for midlatitude precipitation (Mülmenstädt et al., 2015;Westbrook & Illingworth, 2013). Despite the important role of INPs, their atmospheric sources and abundance remain to be clarified in detail (Kanji et al., 2017;Seinfeld et al., 2016).The INPs refer to the immersion freezing mode unless otherwise stated in this study. The IN efficiency of particles is highly composition-dependent, and a few candidates are well established, including mineral dust (DeMott

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“…The uncertainty in AOD 500 is ∼ 2 %. Torres and Fuertes (2021) compared the aerosol size properties derived by GRASP-AOD application with those obtained by AERONET retrieval algorithm. When AOD 440 > 0.4, the uncertainty in total volume concentration was estimated to be 23 %.…”

Section: Poliphon Conversion Factors Over Wuhanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrievals of dust-related particle mass and ice-nucleating particle concentration profiles with ground-based polarization lidar and sun photometer over a megacity in central China

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2021

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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Abstract. The POLIPHON (polarization lidar photometer networking) method is a powerful pathway to retrieve the height profiles of dust-related particle mass and ice-nucleating particle (INP) concentrations. The conversion factors fitted from the sun photometer observation data are the major part of the POLIPHON computations, which can convert the polarization-lidar-derived dust extinction coefficients into dust-related particle mass and INP concentrations. For the central Chinese megacity of Wuhan (30.5∘ N, 114.4∘ E), located at the downstream area several thousands of kilometers far away from the source regions of Asian dust, dust particles always mix with other aerosols from local emissions. Therefore, very few dust case data sets can be available when using the column-integrated Ångström exponent (for 440–870 nm) <0.3 and aerosol optical depth (at 532 nm) >0.1 recorded by a sun photometer as the filtering criteria. Instead, we present another dust case data set screening scheme that applies the simultaneous polarization lidar observation to verify the occurrence of dust. Based on the 33 dust-intrusion days identified during 2011–2013, the extinction-to-volume (cv,d) and extinction-to-large particle (with radius >250 nm) number concentration (c250,d) conversion factors are determined to be (0.52±0.12)×10-12Mmm3m-3 and 0.19±0.05 Mm cm−3, respectively. The c250,d for Wuhan is 27 % larger than that observed at Lanzhou SACOL (36.0∘ N, 104.1∘ E), a site closer to the Gobi Desert, and tends to be closer to those observed in North Africa and the Middle East, indicating dust aerosols from these two sources are also possibly involved in the dust events observed over Wuhan. As a comparison, the conversion factor c290,c of 0.11±0.02Mmcm-3 for continental aerosol is much smaller than c250,d, indicating that there is no significant influence of urban aerosols on the retrievals of dust-related conversion factor over Wuhan. The conversion factors are applied in a dust event in Wuhan to reveal the typical dust-related immersion-mode INP concentration over East Asian cities. The proposed dust case data set screening scheme may potentially be extended to the other polluted city sites that are more influenced by mixed dust.

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Seasonal Trends of Atmospheric Ice Nucleating Particles Over Tokyo

Cited by 19 publications

References 55 publications

High Potential of Asian Dust to Act as Ice Nucleating Particles in Mixed‐Phase Clouds Simulated With a Global Aerosol‐Climate Model

High Potential of Asian Dust to Act as Ice Nucleating Particles in Mixed‐Phase Clouds Simulated With a Global Aerosol‐Climate Model

Evidence for Anthropogenic Organic Aerosols Contributing to Ice Nucleation

Retrievals of dust-related particle mass and ice-nucleating particle concentration profiles with ground-based polarization lidar and sun photometer over a megacity in central China

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