Seasonal trends and possible sources of brown carbon based on 2‐year aerosol measurements at six sites in Europe

Lukács, H.; Gelencsér, András; Hammer, Samuel; Puxbaum, Hans; Pio, Casimiro; Legrand, Michel; Kasper‐Giebl, Anne; Handler, Markus; Limbeck, Andreas; Simpson, David; Preunkert, Susanne

doi:10.1029/2006jd008151

Cited by 183 publications

(147 citation statements)

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“…In previous studies, HULISc/WSOC was generally within the range of 0.24-0.72, while HULIS and HULISc/WSOC were both low (0.09-0.23) from marine and highland aerosol (Feczko et al, 2007;Lukács et al, 2007;Krivácsy et al, 2008). The ratio of HULISc/WSOC shows a more concentrated distribution in Lanzhou, with a range between 0.28-0.57.…”

Section: The Abundance Of Hulismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ELSD is especially suitable for the quantification of HULIS (Zheng et al, 2013). Measurement methods of HULIS have been reported in many sorts of places, such as ocean environments (Cavalli et al, 2004), background areas (Samburova et al, 2005;Lukács et al, 2007), rural areas (Decesari et al, 2001;Kiss et al, 2002), and urban areas (Krivácsy et al, 2008;Baduel et al, 2010). The concentrations of HULIS varied from 0.15 to 25.6 μg/m 3 , with HULISc consisting of 9-72% of WSOC (Zheng et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemical characterization of humic-like substances (HULIS) in PM2.5 in Lanzhou, China

Tan

Xiang

Zhou

et al. 2016

Science of The Total Environment

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Evaporative light scattering detection (ELSD) was applied to quantify HULIS (humic-like substances) for the first time in 2012 winter and 2013 summer at an urban site in Lanzhou. Water soluble organic carbon (WSOC), water soluble inorganic ions, and carbonaceous species (OC/EC) were also analyzed. The results show that OM (Organic Matter = OC × 1.6, constituting 45.8% to PM 2.5 ) was the most abundant species, followed by SNA (SO 4 2− + NO 3 − + NH 4 + , constituting 23.4% to PM 2.5 ). The chemical species were in the order of:The annual average concentration of HULIS was 4.70 μg/m −3 and HULISc (carbon content of HULIS) contributed 6.19% to PM 2.5 and 45.6% to WSOC, indicating that HULIS was the most important components of WSOC. The concentration of HULIS was 2.14 ± 0.80 μg/m 3 in summer and 7.24 ± 2.77 μg/m 3 in winter,respectively. The concentrations of HULIS were relatively low and stable in summer, while high and varied dramatically in winter. The abundance of HULISc in WSOC shows a more concentrated distribution in Lanzhou, with a range between 0.28-0.57. The ratios of HULIS/K + were 6.25 ± 1.41 and 6.14 ± 1.96 in summer and winter, respectively, suggesting there were other significant sources in addition to biomass burning emissions. HULIS and WSOC exhibited similar seasonal variation and had a strong positive correlation. In addition to the good relationship (0.89) between HULIS and Cl − in winter, the great enhancement of HULIS with significantly high Cl − and relatively low K + in winter indicated that residential coal burning was probably an important HULIS source in Contents lists available at ScienceDirectScience of the Total Environment j o u r n a l h o m e p a g e : w w w . e l s e v i e r . c o m / l o c a t e / s c i t o t e n v winter. Correlation and back trajectory analysis suggested that biomass burning and secondary formation were also important HULIS sources and the contribution of HULIS from dust could be neglected. Adverse meteorological conditions were also important factors for the accumulation of HULIS in winter.

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Section: The Abundance Of Hulismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical characterization of humic-like substances (HULIS) in PM2.5 in Lanzhou, China

Tan

Xiang

Zhou

et al. 2016

Science of The Total Environment

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“…The sources of atmospheric BrC are manifold, ranging from biomass burning emissions to secondary formation in photochemical reactions yielding absorbing particles of various absorption efficiencies (Limbeck et al, 2003;Lukács et al, 2007). The optical properties as well as particle morphologies and mixing state of BrC from different combus-tion sources are highly variable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brown carbon absorption in the red and near-infrared spectral region

Hoffer¹,

Tóth

Pósfai

et al. 2017

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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Abstract. Black carbon (BC) aerosols have often been assumed to be the only light-absorbing carbonaceous particles in the red and near-infrared spectral regions of solar radiation in the atmosphere. Here we report that tar balls (a specific type of organic aerosol particles from biomass burning) do absorb red and near-infrared radiation significantly. Tar balls were produced in a laboratory experiment, and their chemical and optical properties were measured. The absorption of these particles in the range between 470 and 950 nm was measured with an aethalometer, which is widely used to measure atmospheric aerosol absorption. We find that the absorption coefficient of tar balls at 880 nm is more than 10 % of that at 470 nm. The considerable absorption of red and infrared light by tar balls also follows from their relatively low absorption Ångström coefficient (and significant mass absorption coefficient) in the spectral range between 470 and 950 nm. Our results support the previous finding that tar balls may play an important role in global warming. Due to the non-negligible absorption of tar balls in the near-infrared region, the absorption measured in the field at near-infrared wavelengths cannot solely be due to soot particles.

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“…Some of their physical and chemical properties resemble those of fulvic and humic acids found in soils and surface waters. HULIS can constitute an important fraction of SOA found in marine and terrestrial aerosols, and wood combustion aerosols (Graber et al 2006;Lukacs et al 2007;Feczko et al 2007;Baduel et al 2009;Baduel et al 2010;Stone et al 2009;Salma et al 2008;Reinhardt et al 2007), but their origins, and formation processes are still unknown.…”

Section: Observations Of Unexpected Organic High Molecular Weight Commentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerosol formation and heterogeneous chemistry in the atmosphere

Monod

Liu

2011

EPJ Web of Conferences

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Abstract.A general presentation of the Earth's atmosphere is provided, with the associated photochemical processes and oxidizing capacity. The article focuses on the atmospheric reactivity of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and the associated reaction products in the gas phase (ozone, oxygenated organic compounds, organic nitrates . . . ) and in the particle phase, namely, the Secondary Organic Aerosols (SOA). The understanding of the processes leading to SOA formation is currently a "hot topic" because of: i) their high concentrations in the measured total organic matter, and ii) their potential important impacts on health and climate change. The initial theory of SOA formation was based on thermodynamic phase transfers of oxidized reaction products of VOCs, but it failed to explain the presence of high molecular weight (high-MW) compounds observed in SOA as well as a 1 to 2 orders of magnitude discrepancy between models and observations on the quantity of SOA. Therefore, different research investigations have been proposed such as heterogeneous and aqueous phase reactivity of organic compounds.

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Seasonal trends and possible sources of brown carbon based on 2‐year aerosol measurements at six sites in Europe

Cited by 183 publications

References 34 publications

Chemical characterization of humic-like substances (HULIS) in PM2.5 in Lanzhou, China

Chemical characterization of humic-like substances (HULIS) in PM2.5 in Lanzhou, China

Brown carbon absorption in the red and near-infrared spectral region

Aerosol formation and heterogeneous chemistry in the atmosphere

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