Seasonal trade‐off between starvation resistance and cold resistance in temperate wild‐caught <i>Drosophila simulans</i>

Kenny, McCabe C.; Wilton, Alan N.; Ballard, J. William O.

doi:10.1111/j.1440-6055.2007.00623.x

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…These observations are in agreement with the results of reports that propose that the ability to survive periods of food shortage does not correlate with ecologically relevant variables that co-vary with latitude or altitude or climatic variables (Robinson et al 2000;Hoffmann et al 2005a;Goenaga et al 2010). Thus, other authors proposed that variation in SR may likely be a consequence of natural selection acting on genetically correlated traits, among which cold resistance is the main candidate (Hoffmann et al 2002;Hoffmann et al 2005b;Kenny et al 2008;Ayroles et al 2009). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

The effect of mating on starvation resistance in natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster

et al. 2011

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In nature, behavioural and physiological processes involved in mating may entail different costs and benefits for males and females. However, it has been hypothesized that sexual interactions may have additional costs for Drosophila females like decrease in receptivity to remating and shortening of lifespan. During mating, males transfer seminal fluid proteins to females that exert severe physiological changes that may compromise female's lifespan and reproductive success. However, under specific stressful environmental conditions that organisms usually face in nature, mating may also confer benefits to females. In the present work, we examine the effect of mating on starvation resistance in wild Drosophila melanogaster. We demonstrate that mated females derived from different geographic locations have the benefit of a greater starvation resistance as compared to virgin females. Even though mating status did not affect mean starvation resistance, we detected a strong genotype-specific effect in males. Beyond the obvious advantage of mating, our study reveals that mating might not be perilous for females, as envisaged by sexual conflict theories, but advantageous for flies exposed to shifts in environmental conditions. Thus, our results highlight the importance of studying other ecologically relevant traits that may contribute to the evolution of male-female interactions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

The effect of mating on starvation resistance in natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster

et al. 2011

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“…Correlation of clinal variation in size and stress resistance traits of D. melanogaster and D. serrata also indicates a negative relationship between adult size and chillcoma recovery time (James et al, 1995;Hallas et al, 2002;Hoffmann et al, 2002). Populations of D. melanogaster and D. simulans with high resistance to cold stress have been shown to possess poor desiccation resistance and low levels of extractable lipids as a proportion of body weight (Hoffmann et al, 2005;Kenny et al, 2008), which suggests an evolutionary trade-off between cold-resistance and starvation resistance that may be controlled by lipid metabolism (Hoffmann et al, 2005). However, the mechanisms that link chill-coma recovery time and body size are yet to be identified with certainty.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Time-course for attainment and reversal of acclimation to constant temperature in two Ceratitis species

Weldon¹,

Terblanche²,

Chown³

2011

Journal of Thermal Biology

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a b s t r a c tAcclimation in the thermal tolerance range of insects occurs when they are exposed to novel temperatures in the laboratory. In contrast to the large number of studies that have tested for the ability of insects to acclimate, relatively few have sought to determine the time-course for attainment and reversal of thermal acclimation. In this study the time required for the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann, and the Natal fruit fly, Ceratitis rosa Karsch, to acclimate to a range of constant temperatures was tested by determining the chill-coma recovery time and heat knock-down time of flies that had been exposed to novel benign temperatures for different durations. The time required for reversal of acclimation for both Ceratitis species was also determined after flies had been returned to the control temperature. Acclimation to 31 1C for only one day significantly improved the heat knock-down time of C. capitata, but also led to slower recovery from chill-coma. Heat knock-down time indicated that acclimation was achieved after only one day in C. rosa, but it took three days for C. rosa to exhibit a significant acclimation response to a novel temperature of 33 1C when measured using chill-coma recovery time. Reversal of acclimation after return to initial temperature conditions was achieved after only one day in both C. capitata and C. rosa. Adult C. capitata held at 31.5 1C initially exhibited improved heat knock-down times but after 9 days the heat knock-down time of these flies had declined to levels not significantly different from that of control flies held at the baseline temperature of 24 1C. In both Ceratitis species, heat knock-down time declined with age whereas chill-coma recovery time increased with age, indicating an increased susceptibility to high and low temperatures, respectively.

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“…Intuition, theoretical models [79], laboratory experimentation [35], and inference from patterns of clinal variation [80][81][82] and seasonal variation in morphological, behavioral and life-history traits suggest that alternate seasons favor differing life-history strategies. In general, populations exposed to more harsh conditions such as those from Northern locales or those collected early in the season are larger [83,84], more stress tolerant [48][49][50]82], longer lived [81], and are less fecund [81,85] than those collected in Southern locales or during the fall. The general picture that emerges, therefore, is that in temperate populations winter conditions select for hardier but less fecund individuals whereas summer selects for high reproductive output at the cost of somatic maintenance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic Evidence of Rapid and Stable Adaptive Oscillations over Seasonal Time Scales in Drosophila

et al. 2014

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In many species, genomic data have revealed pervasive adaptive evolution indicated by the fixation of beneficial alleles. However, when selection pressures are highly variable along a species' range or through time adaptive alleles may persist at intermediate frequencies for long periods. So called “balanced polymorphisms” have long been understood to be an important component of standing genetic variation, yet direct evidence of the strength of balancing selection and the stability and prevalence of balanced polymorphisms has remained elusive. We hypothesized that environmental fluctuations among seasons in a North American orchard would impose temporally variable selection on Drosophila melanogaster that would drive repeatable adaptive oscillations at balanced polymorphisms. We identified hundreds of polymorphisms whose frequency oscillates among seasons and argue that these loci are subject to strong, temporally variable selection. We show that these polymorphisms respond to acute and persistent changes in climate and are associated in predictable ways with seasonally variable phenotypes. In addition, our results suggest that adaptively oscillating polymorphisms are likely millions of years old, with some possibly predating the divergence between D. melanogaster and D. simulans. Taken together, our results are consistent with a model of balancing selection wherein rapid temporal fluctuations in climate over generational time promotes adaptive genetic diversity at loci underlying polygenic variation in fitness related phenotypes.

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Seasonal trade‐off between starvation resistance and cold resistance in temperate wild‐caught Drosophila simulans

Cited by 15 publications

References 25 publications

The effect of mating on starvation resistance in natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster

The effect of mating on starvation resistance in natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster

Time-course for attainment and reversal of acclimation to constant temperature in two Ceratitis species

Genomic Evidence of Rapid and Stable Adaptive Oscillations over Seasonal Time Scales in Drosophila

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