Seasonal tertiary wastewater treatment in California: An analysis of public health benefits and costs

Olivieri, Adam W.; Soller, Jeffrey A.; Olivieri, K.J.; Goebel, R.P.; Tchobanoglous, George

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2005.05.010

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Costs only applying for the facility investment (desalination plant building construction), operation and maintenance (supplies and replacement, energy) regarding the second scenario are shown in Table 2 (Olivieri, et al 2005;Ahmad, et al 2002).…”

Section: Cost and Benefit Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agricultural irrigation of vine crops from desalinated and brackish groundwater under an economic perspective. A case study in Siġġiewi, Malta

Aparicio

Tenza-Abril

Borg

et al. 2019

Science of The Total Environment

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Maltese agriculture faces great challenges due to the severe scarcity of water. Sufficient water resources, in quantity and quality, are necessary to cover the demand in the production of wine grape, one of the most important crops in Maltese agriculture. But also, economic efficiency is essential in the grape cultivation. A Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) is defined for Maltese vineyards in the Siġġiewi region, considering two irrigation scenarios, irrigation with groundwater or "do-nothing", compared with the "use non-conventional waters" from mixing water from a small desalination plant and groundwater. For the alternative 'mixing desalinated water with groundwater' it is possible to improve water availability and quality for vine crops, while increasing economic benefits for farmer. The results indicate a profitable project from a minimum area of 1 ha, but final benefit is highly dependent on the irrigated surface extension according to water price. Desalination, compared with other type of non-conventional water is considered the best option in this assessment with a small reverse osmosis (RO) desalination plant (120 m/day) for covering the irrigation needs.

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Section: Cost and Benefit Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agricultural irrigation of vine crops from desalinated and brackish groundwater under an economic perspective. A case study in Siġġiewi, Malta

Aparicio

Tenza-Abril

Borg

et al. 2019

Science of The Total Environment

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“…Conventional CBA methods usually take into account financial analyses, with a market value. This approach commonly uses both operating and capital costs [19,20].…”

Section: Cost-benefit Analysis Cbamentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic evaluation of small desalination plants from brackish aquifers. Application to Campo de Cartagena (SE Spain)

et al. 2017

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The Campo de Cartagena (Eastern Spain) is one of Europe’s driest areas with a mean precipitation of around 300 mm. One of the main challengesin the region is to secure a reliable water supply in both quantity and quality terms, to provide a water supply and agricultural irrigation, while water desalination has become an extensively applied solution, and one of the most sustainable solutions to the water scarcity problem. As water availability is lacking and groundwater quality is poor, the agricultural sector in Campo de Cartagena has developed small private brackish groundwater desalination plants (15-20 m3/h) through already existing agricultural wells. Costs and benefits (C-B) for citrus cultivation (1 ha) in three such plants have been assessed. The results indicate that for the studied cases, current agricultural management is feasible and costs outweigh benefits, with a positive NPV and a cost/benefit ratio higher than 1. The internal rate of return is also positive and higher than 11%. The results evidence practical and theoretical implications as to how to increase water resources in areas where water is scarce by closing the loop, ensuring farmers’ profitability and encouraging private sector investments.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

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“…This finding contrasts with that of the two studies that report on CBA undertaken on wastewater investments in more developed countries. Whilst Molinos-Senante et al (2010) generally find BCRs greater than 1 for recycling wastewater in the Spanish region of Valencia, those for further, tertiary, investment in wastewater treatment in California, USA, reported by Olivieri (2005) are described as being less than 1. These findings support the previous conclusion, made in OECD (2010b), that whilst investment in WSS in developing country contexts in likely to be very favourable using economic efficiency criteria, the conclusion is much more equivocal in developed country contexts.…”

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confidence: 99%

Policy Interventions to Address Health Impacts Associated with Air Pollution, Unsafe Water Supply and Sanitation, and Hazardous Chemicals

Hunt

2011

OECD Environment Working Papers

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The purpose of the paper is to review the recent empirical literature relating to the quantification and valuation of the human health impacts of air pollution, hazardous chemicals, and unsafe water and sanitation, and their use in cost-benefit analysis, as an input to environmental policy decision-making. For each of these three environmental hazards, the nature and range of these health impacts are identified. The extent to which these impacts can, and have been, quantified and valued in monetary terms, is described. The use of this data in public policy-centred CBA is evaluated. The health impacts associated with particulates and low-level ozone, and quantified on the basis of epidemiological evidence, ranges from minor respiratory conditions to cardio-pulmonary related mortality. CBA that includes these impacts is an established feature of air quality regulation formulation in North America and Europe. Indeed, reduced mortality impacts have dominated the benefits included in many recent appraisals of such policy development, though the robust valuation of these impacts is still evolving. Heavy metals are associated with a variety of cancer impacts as well as on neurological development, renal dysfunction and a number of other impacts. These impacts are increasing being quantified and valued, in response to the requirement for more rigour arising from regulatory agencies in OECD countries. Increasingly sophisticated approaches to deal with the current attendant uncertainties are also being utilised. The health risks from unsafe water and sanitation derive from faecal contamination, bacteria and viruses and include gastroenteritis, diarrhoea amongst others. OECD countries use of quantified information relating to these risks in CBA is currently in the context of wastewater management, where benefit-cost ratios are sometimes found to be less than one. In contrast, in developing countries, health risks are included in the appraisal of water supply investments. In these countries, health risks are significant but generally not as important as time savings in the benefits side of the CBA, though the quantification and monetisation of health risks is often rather partial.health, environment, transport, policy implication, value of statistical life, meta-analysis

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Seasonal tertiary wastewater treatment in California: An analysis of public health benefits and costs

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Agricultural irrigation of vine crops from desalinated and brackish groundwater under an economic perspective. A case study in Siġġiewi, Malta

Agricultural irrigation of vine crops from desalinated and brackish groundwater under an economic perspective. A case study in Siġġiewi, Malta

Economic evaluation of small desalination plants from brackish aquifers. Application to Campo de Cartagena (SE Spain)

Policy Interventions to Address Health Impacts Associated with Air Pollution, Unsafe Water Supply and Sanitation, and Hazardous Chemicals

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