Seasonal soil moisture patterns: Controlling transit time distributions in a forested headwater catchment

Stockinger, Michael; Bogena, Heye; Lücke, Andreas; Diekkrüger, Bernd; Weiler, Markus; Vereecken, Harry

doi:10.1002/2013wr014815

Cited by 49 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Our finding that the preevent water dominats the catchment streamflow discharge at the beginning of runoff events at Uhlirska is consistent with the working hypothesis of Stockinger et al (2014) formulated for the Wüstebach catchment according to which pre-event water stored in the riparian zone gets activated fast during an event as it does not need to travel far.…”

Section: Comparison With Results Found At Other Sitessupporting

confidence: 90%

Episodic runoff generation at Central European headwater catchments studied using water isotope concentration signals

Votrubová

Dohnal

Vogel

et al. 2017

Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics

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Hydrological monitoring in small headwater catchments provides the basis for examining complex interrelating hydraulic processes that govern the runoff generation. Contributions of different subsurface runoff mechanisms to the catchment discharge formation at two small forested headwater catchments are studied with the help of their natural isotopic signatures. The Uhlirska catchment (Jizera Mts., Czech Republic) is situated in headwater area of the Lusatian Neisse River. The catchment includes wetlands at the valley bottom developed over deluviofluvial granitic sediments surrounded by gentle hillslopes with shallow soils underlain by weathered granite. The Liz catchment (Bohemian Forest, Czech Republic) is situated in headwater area of the Otava River. It belongs to hillslope-type catchments with narrow riparian zones. The soil at Liz is developed on biotite paragneiss bedrock. The basic comparison of hydrological time series reveals that the event-related stream discharge variations at the Uhlirska catchment are bigger and significantly more frequent than at Liz. The analysis of isotope concentration data revealed different behavior of the two catchments during the major rainfall-runoff events. At Uhlirska, the percentage of the direct runoff formed by the event water reaches its maximum on the falling limb of the hydrograph. At Liz, the event water related fraction of the direct outflow is maximal on the rising limb of the hydrograph and then lowers. The hydraulic functioning of the Uhlirska catchment is determined by communication between hillslope and riparian zone compartments.

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Section: Comparison With Results Found At Other Sitessupporting

confidence: 90%

Episodic runoff generation at Central European headwater catchments studied using water isotope concentration signals

Votrubová

Dohnal

Vogel

et al. 2017

Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics

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“…The sizes of the subcatchments that contribute to the Wüstebach main stream vary from 0.3 to 25.3 ha ( Fig. 1; Stockinger et al, 2014). A smaller tributary catchment (11.4 ha), situated immediately northeast of the Wüstebach (Fig.…”

Section: Site Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Generally, a spatial component was not included. In this study, we applied WTC to extend the insights into the relationship of DOC and NO 3 − for longer time series data from different sampling locations within a headwater catchment.A recent study performed in the Wüstebach catchment by Stockinger et al (2014) gave new insights into the spatial heterogeneity of transit times for the individual tributaries that contributed to the stream, using intra-annual variations of stable isotopes d 18 O (and d 2 H) in sampled waters. Hence, working in this catchment allowed us to subdivide the data set into water sources with different transit times.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The Wüstebach catchment is one of the research sites within the Eifel/Lower Rhine Valley observatory, which is part of the larger Terrestrial Environmental Observatories (TERENO) initiative (Zacharias et al, 2011;Bogena et al, 2012Bogena et al, , 2015. Briefly, TERENO comprises a German network of integrated observation platforms for the long-term investigation of the consequences of global change for terrestrial ecosystems.The investigated catchment has an area of 38.5 ha with altitudes ranging from 595 m asl in the north to 628 m asl in the south Stockinger et al, 2014). The sizes of the subcatchments that contribute to the Wüstebach main stream vary from 0.3 to 25.3 ha ( Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Spatiotemporal Analysis of Dissolved Organic Carbon and Nitrate in Waters of a Forested Catchment Using Wavelet Analysis

Weigand

Bol²,

Reichert

et al. 2017

Vadose Zone Journal

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Understanding natural controls on N and C biogeochemical cycles is important to estimate human impacts on these cycles. This study examined the spatiotemporal relationships between time series of weekly monitored stream and groundwater N and C (assessed by NO 3 − and dissolved organic C [DOC]) in the forested Wüstebach catchment (Germany). In addition to traditional correlation analysis, we applied wavelet transform coherence (WTC) analysis to study variations in the correlation and lag time between the N and C time series for different time scales. Median transit times were used to connect hydrologic and water chemistry data. We defined three stream-water groups: (i) subsurface runoff dominated locations with strong seasonal fluctuations in concentrations, short transit times, and strong negative C/N correlations with short time lags, (ii) groundwater dominated locations, with weaker seasonal fluctuations, longer transit times, and weaker C/N correlations with lags of several months, and (iii) intermediate locations, with moderate seasonal fluctuations, moderate transit times, and strong C/N correlations with short time lags. Water transit times could be identified as key drivers for the C/N relationship and we conclude that C and N transport in stream water can be explained by mixing of groundwater and subsurface runoff. Complemented by transit times and the hydrochemical time series, WTC analysis allowed us to discriminate between different water sources (groundwater vs. subsurface runoff). In conclusion, we found that in time series studies of hydrochemical data, e.g., DOC and NO 3 − , WTC analysis can be a viable tool to identify spatiotemporally dependent relationships in catchments.Abbreviations: COI, cone of influence; CWT, continuous wavelet transform; DOC, dissolved organic carbon; MedTT, median transit time; WTC, wavelet transform coherence; XWT, cross wavelet transform.The cycles of nutrients such as N and C are closely linked. For example, N saturation is linked to C limitation in the soil for microbial processes (Kopáček et al., 2013). In aqueous ecosystems, increasing NO 3 − concentrations (Galloway et al., 2008) and widespread significant increases in the concentrations of dissolved organic C (DOC) in streams during the last two decades have become a major global issue (e.g., Evans et al., 2005;Galloway et al., 2008;Vitousek et al., 1997). Newly created reactive N (biologically or photochemically active) contributes to environmental problems such as air pollution, eutrophication, soil acidification, and climate change (Vitousek et al., 1997;Galloway et al., 2008). The environmental and therefore also social consequences require detailed spatiotemporal models to predict the fate of reactive N across environments (e.g., Mulholland et al., 2008;Taylor and Townsend, 2010;Barnes and Raymond, 2010). For this purpose, it might be important to understand causal links to the spatiotemporal patterns of DOC. Core Ideas• WTC analysis was used to elucidate the non-stationary C/N relationship at different time...

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“…It is 0.385 km 2 large [22] with a mean annual precipitation of 1220 mm (1979-1999 [23]) and has been completely covered with Norwegian spruce (Picea Abies [24]) since 1950. The catchment is heavily monitored due to hydrological fluxes and states, as well as transportation of matter [25].…”

Section: Description Of the Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Using High-Resolution Data to Test Parameter Sensitivity of the Distributed Hydrological Model HydroGeoSphere

Cornelißen

Diekkrüger

Bogena

2016

Water

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Parameterization of physically based and distributed hydrological models for mesoscale catchments remains challenging because the commonly available data base is insufficient for calibration. In this paper, we parameterize a mesoscale catchment for the distributed model HydroGeoSphere by transferring evapotranspiration parameters calibrated at a highly-equipped headwater catchment in addition to literature data. Based on this parameterization, the sensitivity of the mesoscale catchment to spatial variability in land use, potential evapotranspiration and precipitation and of the headwater catchment to mesoscale soil and land use data was conducted. Simulations of the mesoscale catchment with transferred parameters reproduced daily discharge dynamics and monthly evapotranspiration of grassland, deciduous and coniferous vegetation in a satisfactory manner. Precipitation was the most sensitive input data with respect to total runoff and peak flow rates, while simulated evapotranspiration components and patterns were most sensitive to spatially distributed land use parameterization. At the headwater catchment, coarse soil data resulted in a change in runoff generating processes based on the interplay between higher wetness prior to a rainfall event, enhanced groundwater level rise and accordingly, lower transpiration rates. Our results indicate that the direct transfer of parameters is a promising method to benefit highly equipped simulations of the headwater catchments.

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Seasonal soil moisture patterns: Controlling transit time distributions in a forested headwater catchment

Cited by 49 publications

References 55 publications

Episodic runoff generation at Central European headwater catchments studied using water isotope concentration signals

Episodic runoff generation at Central European headwater catchments studied using water isotope concentration signals

Spatiotemporal Analysis of Dissolved Organic Carbon and Nitrate in Waters of a Forested Catchment Using Wavelet Analysis

Using High-Resolution Data to Test Parameter Sensitivity of the Distributed Hydrological Model HydroGeoSphere

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