Seasonal prevalence of different species of Culicoides in Bangalore rural and urban districts of South India

Archana, M.; D’Souza, Placid E.; Prasad, Ch. Raghava; Byregowda, S. M.

doi:10.14202/vetworld.2014.517-521

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Adults are active from dusk to dawn at lowtemperature range (19-32  C) and high humidity (more than 80%) help in the propagation and determine their vector competence (Halder et al, 2016). Besides, rainfall plays an important role in maintaining Culicoides population and their breeding potentiality (Meiswinkel et al, 2004;Archana et al, 2014). The host preferences of Culicoides midges were found in the order of cattle, sheep, buffaloes and goats.…”

Section: Effect Of Environment and Elevation On Seasonal Prevalence Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Environment and Elevation on Seasonal Prevalence of Culicoides in West Bengal

Mukhopadhyay

Hazra

Banerjee

2020

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Background: Culicoides, popularly known as ‘biting midges’ is a group of vector insects causing transmission of pathogens to livestock and other closely related mammals leading to animal health deterioration. They are among the smallest and most abundant hematophagous vectors of Blue tongue virus (BTV), Epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV), African horse sickness virus (AHSV), Equine encephalitis virus (EEV), protozoans, filarial nematodes throughout the world. They are known to spread livestock diseases in India in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Nagaland, Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal. 30 Culicoides vectors are reported worldwide, 13 of them from India, of which 11 are found in West Bengal. In the Indian subcontinent, biting midges live throughout the year, with two distinct peaks - one in the monsoon (August-September) and another peak during post-monsoon or beginning of winter (November) and there is a steady decrease during the summer months (May). Adults thrive best at low-temperature range (19-32oC) and rainfall plays an important role in Culicoides breeding and life-cycle. But a detailed account on the ecology, breeding sites, biology and bionomics of immature and adults have been poorly understood with very scanty literature. The present research is aimed to provide an exhaustive detail on the ecological behavior of Culicoides and their prevalence pattern based on the effect of meteorological parameter and elevation across different regions of West Bengal. Methods: Insect samples were collected using sweep nets in the early morning, afternoon and just before sunset for a period of four years from January 2014 to December 2017 in six agro-climatic regions of West Bengal. After collection, they were transferred in 70% ethanol, kept in a cool place, sorted and different parts of the specimen were mounted on glass slides in the phenol-balsam mixture and identified through Leica DFC 295 binocular light microscope. Ecological graph analysis were generated using software PAST 3.0 and MS-EXCEL 2016. Maps on sampling sites was generated using software ARC GIS 10.5). Result: Five Culicoides species-Culicoides oxystoma, C. actoni, C. peregrinus,C. orientalis and C. anophelis were collected. The results show highest prevalence in post-monsoon months at the coastal-saline region, at an of elevation 5-15m with ideal temperature of 14-35oC and rainfall of 1100-2000mm in West Bengal, with the highest dominance of Culicoides oxystoma throughout the year.

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Section: Effect Of Environment and Elevation On Seasonal Prevalence Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Environment and Elevation on Seasonal Prevalence of Culicoides in West Bengal

Mukhopadhyay

Hazra

Banerjee

2020

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“…The finding of C. imicola in this study is in agreement with the report of Service et al (1986) Figure 1: Percentage of Culicoides species trapped around piggery farm who documented that C. imicola is a mammophilic species. Among the species trapped during this study, only C. imicola and C. oxystoma were reported by Archana (2014) in a similar study from India. The author found these species around cattle, buffalo, sheep and goat and concluded that C. imicola is the most prevalent species, which concur with our findings.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 52%

Swine farm infestation with <i>Culicoides</i> species (biting midges) in Zaria, Nigeria

Oke¹,

Oke²,

Adejinmi³

2017

Sokoto J. Vet. Sc.

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Collection of biting midges within a piggery farm using black-light suction traps revealed the presence of diverse species of Culicoides. Out of a total of one thousand four hundred and five (1,405) midges caught, one thousand three hundred and sixty-six (1,366) were identified as species in the genus Culicoides while the remaining thirtynine (39) were unidentified members in the family Ceratopogonidae. The identified Culicoides were further classified into eight species based on their morphological characteristics as C. imicola, C. pycnostictus, C. oxystoma, C. milnei, C. subschultzei, C. enderleini, C. nevilli and C. krameri. There was dominance of females (93.67%) over the males (6.33 %) from the total collection. The presence of Culicoides species infesting pigs was established and the identified Culicoides species were incriminated to be mammophilic in feeding. Recommendation is made to determine the blood meal source and possibility of disease transmission.

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“…The status of the subgenus Remmia Glukhova (= Schutzei group) of Culicoides in Asia has historically been fraught with confusion [ 18 ]. This is particularly the case in India with numerous publications citing the presence of C. schultzei [ 12 – 14 , 81 – 86 ], despite the fact that C. schultzei is an Afrotropical species while the type-locality of C. oxystoma is Kolkata in India. These two species are, however, both morphologically [ 18 , 87 ] and genetically [ 9 , 76 , 88 ] distinct, and current evidence agrees with the earlier proposal by Cornet [ 89 ] that C. oxystoma is the species present in India.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Culicoides anophelis has previously been reported from southern India [ 11 , 12 , 95 ] and is widespread throughout southern Asia [ 18 ] possibly ranging as far east as New Guinea [ 96 ]. The sequence identity of C. anophelis specimens collected in this study were concordant with the only available COI sequence for this species, also from southern India, and further study is required to investigate the relationship of populations of this species across its extensive range.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA barcoding and surveillance sampling strategies for Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in southern India

et al. 2016

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BackgroundCulicoides spp. biting midges transmit bluetongue virus (BTV), the aetiological agent of bluetongue (BT), an economically important disease of ruminants. In southern India, hyperendemic outbreaks of BT exert high cost to subsistence farmers in the region, impacting on sheep production. Effective Culicoides spp. monitoring methods coupled with accurate species identification can accelerate responses for minimising BT outbreaks. Here, we assessed the utility of sampling methods and DNA barcoding for detection and identification of Culicoides spp. in southern India, in order to provide an informed basis for future monitoring of their populations in the region.MethodsCulicoides spp. collected from Tamil Nadu and Karnataka were used to construct a framework for future morphological identification in surveillance, based on sequence comparison of the DNA barcode region of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene and achieving quality standards defined by the Barcode of Life initiative. Pairwise catches of Culicoides spp. were compared in diversity and abundance between green (570 nm) and ultraviolet (UV) (390 nm) light emitting diode (LED) suction traps at a single site in Chennai, Tamil Nadu over 20 nights of sampling in November 2013.ResultsDNA barcode sequences of Culicoides spp. were mostly congruent both with existing DNA barcode data from other countries and with morphological identification of major vector species. However, sequence differences symptomatic of cryptic species diversity were present in some groups which require further investigation. While the diversity of species collected by the UV LED Center for Disease Control (CDC) trap did not significantly vary from that collected by the green LED CDC trap, the UV CDC significantly outperformed the green LED CDC trap with regard to the number of Culicoides individuals collected.ConclusionsMorphological identification of the majority of potential vector species of Culicoides spp. samples within southern India appears relatively robust; however, potential cryptic species diversity was present in some groups requiring further investigation. The UV LED CDC trap is recommended for surveillance of Culicoides in southern India.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13071-016-1722-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Seasonal prevalence of different species of Culicoides in Bangalore rural and urban districts of South India

Cited by 8 publications

References 12 publications

Effect of Environment and Elevation on Seasonal Prevalence of Culicoides in West Bengal

Effect of Environment and Elevation on Seasonal Prevalence of Culicoides in West Bengal

Swine farm infestation with <i>Culicoides</i> species (biting midges) in Zaria, Nigeria

DNA barcoding and surveillance sampling strategies for Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in southern India

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