Seasonal partitioning and utilization of energy reserves in two age classes of the bay scallop Argopecten irradians irradians (Lamarck)

Epp, Jennifer; Bricelj, V. Monica; Malouf, Robert E.

doi:10.1016/0022-0981(88)90250-x

Cited by 94 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Exercising scallops mainly catabolize phospho-L-arginine and then glycogen stored in their adductor muscle (e.g. Argopecten irradians can use about 23-25 % of the glycogen stored in the adductor muscle, Epp et al 1988). Glycolysis leads to octopine formation, largely during recovery after swimming (Grieshaber and Gäde 1977;Gäde et al 1978;Chih and Ellington 1983); succinate formation may result from oxygen deficiency at mitochondrial level.…”

Section: Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of ocean acidification on escape performance of the king scallop, Pecten maximus, from Norway

et al. 2012

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The ongoing process of ocean acidification already affects marine life, and according to the concept of oxygen and capacity limitation of thermal tolerance, these effects may be intensified at the borders of the thermal tolerance window. We studied the effects of elevated CO 2 concentrations on clapping performance and energy metabolism of the commercially important scallop Pecten maximus. Individuals were exposed for at least 30 days to 4°C (winter) or to 10°C (spring/summer) at either ambient (0.04 kPa, normocapnia) or predicted future PCO 2 levels (0.11 kPa, hypercapnia). Cold-exposed (4°C) groups revealed thermal stress exacerbated by PCO 2 indicated by a high mortality overall and its increase from 55 % under normocapnia to 90 % under hypercapnia. We therefore excluded the 4°C groups from further experimentation. Scallops at 10°C showed impaired clapping performance following hypercapnic exposure. Force production was significantly reduced although the number of claps was unchanged between normocapnia-and hypercapnia-exposed scallops. The difference between maximal and resting metabolic rate (aerobic scope) of the hypercapnic scallops was significantly reduced compared with normocapnic animals, indicating a reduction in net aerobic scope. Our data confirm that ocean acidification narrows the thermal tolerance range of scallops resulting in elevated vulnerability to temperature extremes and impairs the animal's performance capacity with potentially detrimental consequences for its fitness and survival in the ocean of tomorrow.

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Section: Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of ocean acidification on escape performance of the king scallop, Pecten maximus, from Norway

et al. 2012

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“…In September, the Gonad Index of N. subnodosus was highest and Adductor Muscle Index was depressed, indicating that the scallops had used much of the stored energy of the adductor muscle for gamete production, typical in scallops (Barber and Blake, 1981;Epp et al, 1988;Martínez, 1991;Pazos et al, 1997). Most scallops contain relatively low amounts of glycogen in the adductor muscle (Sundet and Vahl, 1981;Epp et al, 1988;Racotta et al, 2003), and so provide little relief to anaerobic requirements, especially during reproductive periods when carbohydrate stores are particularly low. However, immature Lion's Paw spat (3-30 mm) cultured at the same location grew better in fall under warm water conditions (Koch et al, 2005), indicating that non-reproductive juveniles may have a higher temperature tolerance than mature adults.…”

Section: Factors Influencing Growth and Mortalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of different shallow water culture methods for the scallop Nodipecten subnodosus using biologic and economic modeling

et al. 2006

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The desire to develop sustainable small-scale aquaculture on the Baja California peninsula has focused attention toward the native scallop Nodipecten (Lyropecten) subnodosus, a species characterized by rapid growth, large size and high domestic market price. The cool upwelling waters around Bahía Magdalena seem to provide suitable conditions for N. subnodosus culture, yet cheaper, less technically demanding methods of culture are desired to add to the practicality of development for local resource users. Culturing in the shallow 'esteros' (reverse-estuaries) rather than in the central section of the bay may provide such an alternative. Between September 2002 and April 2003, three grow-out culture methods (suspended module, bottom and off-bottom culture) were compared at two different densities (40% and 60% coverage) in terms of scallop growth, mortality and associated costs, in order to create a predictive model of monetary returns. Scallops exhibited retarded growth and increased mortality during the warm, oxygen-poor water conditions of late summer (August-September), which coincided with increased reproductive activity (Gonad Index) and lowered energy reserves (Adductor Muscle Index). Growth performance was best during a period of lower temperature in late December 2002 to early January 2003. Of the six treatments, 40% density off-bottom culture provided the best grow-out conditions in terms of average growth and mortality (K year = 0.51, Z year = 0.29). However, a simulation of a 10-year culture operation accounting for the addition of a new batch of seed each year (100,000 ind.·year − 1 ) shows 60% density off-bottom culture (K year = 0.44, Z year = 0.37) to be the most profitable (net present value = US$28,631, internal rate of return = 27.0%). A 6-year period is predicted before the culture is profitable. The model proved valuable in comparing profitability between culture methods and is relevant as a tool for investment decisions in other culture operations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Hawkins (1991) has estimated the costs of protein synthesis to constitute 20 to 25% of the energy budget of the blue mussel Mytilus edulis. Mobilization of carbohydrate reserves from the adductor muscle to support gonadal production during gametogenesis has been reported for several scallop species (Barber & Blake 1981, Epp et al 1988, Brokordt et al 2000a,b, Martínez et al 2000.Food availability (chl a) in the Thermaikos Gulf is similar to the rest of the Mediterranean Sea (Coma et al 2009). As reported above, early and late stages of gametogenesis were found between March and May, and spawning peaked from June until August (Mladineo et al 2007).…”

mentioning

confidence: 86%

Field studies and projections of climate change effects on the bearded horse mussel Modiolus barbatus in the Gulf of Thermaikos, Greece

Katsikatsou¹,

Anestis²,

Pörtner³

et al. 2012

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The role of thermal stress phenomena in setting stratified distribution limits was investigated in the bearded horse mussel Modiolus barbatus in response to the seasonal temperature regime in the field. Mussels were transplanted from their natural depth range at ca. 20 m to 3 m depth, where they then experienced enhanced variability of ambient conditions. In specimens from both depths, thermal stress was assessed from the inducible heat shock response (HSR), the accumulation of irreversibly damaged proteins, and from metabolic characters including the putative shift from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism. During both winter and summer, the HSR became involved more at shallow depths than at 20 m depth. The accumulation of succinate during summer indicates transition to anaerobiosis. The results suggest that the development of anaerobic conditions and the exploitation of the HSR are closely intertwined. The field data corroborate that glycolytic capacity, the level of energy turnover, and also protection from protein damage play a role in setting passive tolerance to extremes in environmental temperature. We suggest that limits to vertical distribution of M. barbatus are set by the time and degree of exploitation of the mechanisms sustaining passive thermal tolerance and the avoidance of protein damage in the warmth. KEY WORDS: Bivalves · Modiolus barbatus · Environmental warming · Physiological patterns · Heat shock response · HSR Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherMar Ecol Prog Ser 449: [183][184][185][186][187][188][189][190][191][192][193][194][195][196] 2012 warming at ecosystem level will build on speciesspecific responses (Pörtner 2001, Somero 2010. For reliable projections of future changes it is important to develop a mechanism-based cause-and-effect understanding. The latter must be integrative and encompass effects of climate change at various levels of biological organization, from molecular, cellular, organismal, population, and community-ecosystem.Many laboratory studies have defined the thermal limits and thermotolerance of bivalves by studying the expression of heat shock proteins (Hsps) (Hofmann & Somero 1995, Buckley et al. 2001. Hsps may co-define extreme thermal limits, and it has been hypothesized that they are related to species boundaries in intertidal ecosystems (Hofmann 2005, To manek 2010. Moreover, physiological processes such as heart functioning or metabolic adaptations setting aerobic scope through regulated capacities of glycolytic and mitochondrial metabolism, including the respiratory chain and the tricarboxylic acid cycle, appear equally important and may even take priority in determining the thermal windows of species, and thereby biogeographical limits. Their limited capacity at thermal limits may also be crucial in initiating the heat shock response (HSR) (Pörtner 2001, Braby & Somero 2006, Anestis et al. 2007, Somero 2010. Following the principles of the concept of oxygen and capacity limited thermal tolerance (OCLTT), the ...

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Seasonal partitioning and utilization of energy reserves in two age classes of the bay scallop Argopecten irradians irradians (Lamarck)

Cited by 94 publications

References 29 publications

Impact of ocean acidification on escape performance of the king scallop, Pecten maximus, from Norway

Impact of ocean acidification on escape performance of the king scallop, Pecten maximus, from Norway

Evaluation of different shallow water culture methods for the scallop Nodipecten subnodosus using biologic and economic modeling

Field studies and projections of climate change effects on the bearded horse mussel Modiolus barbatus in the Gulf of Thermaikos, Greece

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