Seasonal marine mammal occurrence detected from passive acoustic monitoring in Scott Inlet, Nunavut, Canada

Marcoux, Marianne; Ferguson, Steven H.; Roy, Nathalie; Bedard, Jeannette; Simard, Yvan

doi:10.1007/s00300-016-2040-9

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…This trend for increased vocalizations during the ice-covered season is relatively consistent with other studies from the Beaufort Sea (MacIntyre et al 2013(MacIntyre et al , 2015, Chukchi Sea Jones et al 2014;FrouinMouy et al 2016), and Baffin Bay (Frouin- Mouy et al 2017;Marcoux et al 2017), although there can be a lot of variation even at a site for seasonal vocalization patterns in this species Frouin-Mouy et al 2016). Although bearded seals vocalize outside of the breeding season, their period of peak vocalizations (24 h/day in this study) occurs between April and June, which not only matched vocalization patterns from other studies (MacIntyre et al 2015;Frouin-Mouy et al 2016) but is also consistent with the timing of their breeding season (Cleator et al 1989).…”

Section: Bearded Sealssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Continuous data on species presence are not possible for other survey methods, such as visual surveys, in the Arctic due to sea ice. Indeed, PAM has been used throughout other areas of Arctic North America for monitoring marine mammals, including the Bering Sea (Moore et al 2006;Munger et al 2008;Stafford et al 2010), western Beaufort Sea (Moore et al 2006;Hauser et al 2017a), Chukchi Sea (Delarue et al 2009;Blackwell et al 2012;Hannay et al 2013;Jones et al 2014;Clark et al 2015;Frouin-Mouy et al 2016), and Baffin Bay (FrouinMouy et al 2017;Marcoux et al 2017), and acoustic monitoring has even been used successfully as a tool for studying the distribution of seals under the ice in the winter (Calvert and Stirling 1985;Cleator and Stirling 1990;MacIntyre et al 2013;Jones et al 2014;Frouin-Mouy et al 2016). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seasonal patterns in acoustic detections of marine mammals near Sachs Harbour, Northwest Territories

et al. 2017

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The Arctic is changing rapidly, leading to changes in habitat availability and increased anthropogenic disturbance. Information on the distribution of animals is needed as these changes occur. We examine seasonal presence of marine mammals in the western Canadian Arctic near Sachs Harbour, Northwest Territories, using passive acoustic monitoring between 2015 and 2016. We also examined the influence of environmental variables (ice concentration and distance, wind speed) on the presence of these species. Both bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) and beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) arrived in late April, and belugas departed in mid-August, while bowheads departed in late October. Bearded seal (Erignathus barbatus) vocalizations began in October, peaked from April through June, and stopped in early July. Ringed seals (Pusa hispida) vocalized occasionally in all months, but were generally quiet. Whales migrated in as the ice broke up and migrated out before ice formed in the autumn. Bearded seals started vocalizing as ice formed and stopped once ice was almost gone. Given the importance of sea ice to the timing of migration of whales and vocalization by bearded seals, the trends that we present here may change in the future due to the increasing ice-free season caused by climate change. Our study therefore serves as a baseline with which to monitor future change.Key words: climate change, conservation, passive acoustic monitoring, sea ice.Résumé : L'Arctique change rapidement, menant à des changements dans la disponibilité des habitats et l'augmentation des perturbations anthropiques. Les informations sur la répartition des animaux sont nécessaires à mesure que ces changements surviennent. Nous examinons la présence saisonnière de mammifères marins dans l'ouest de l'Arctique canadien près du havre Sachs, dans les Territoires du Nord-Ouest, en faisant de la surveillance acoustique passive entre 2015 et 2016. Nous avons aussi examiné les effets des variables environnementales (la concentration et la distance de la glace, la vitesse des vents) sur la présence de ces espèces. Tant les baleines boréales (Balaena mysticetus) que les bélugas (Delphinapterus leucas) sont arrivés à la fin avril et les bélugas sont repartis à la miaoût, tandis que les baleines boréales sont reparties à la fin octobre. Les vocalisations de phoques barbus (Erignathus barbatus) ont commencé en octobre, ont atteint un niveau maximal d'avril à juin et se sont arrêtées début juillet. Bien qu'ils aient été généralement silencieux, les phoques annelés (Pusa hispida) ont vocalisé de temps à autre au cours de tous les mois. Les baleines ont migré dans la région lorsque la glace s'est dispersée et ont migré hors

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Section: Bearded Sealssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal patterns in acoustic detections of marine mammals near Sachs Harbour, Northwest Territories

et al. 2017

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“…obs.). This area is also known for the presence of other large predators such as narwhal Monodon monoceros, which have been shown to preferentially forage in deep water fjords including Scott Inlet as they migrate south along Baffin Island (Dietz, Heide-Jørgensen, Richard, & Acquarone, 2000;Marcoux, Ferguson, Roy, Bedard, & Simard, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transient movements of a deep‐water flatfish in coastal waters: Implications of inshore‐offshore connectivity for fisheries management

Barkley

Fisk

Hedges

et al. 2018

Journal of Applied Ecology

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Globally, small‐scale inshore fisheries are being recognized as highly beneficial for underdeveloped coastal communities since they directly contribute to local economies. Community coastal fisheries, however, may target species that are simultaneously harvested by large commercial vessels in adjacent offshore waters, creating uncertainty over stock units and connectivity that complicate management. Greenland halibut Reinhardtius hippoglossoides, a commercially important flatfish species in the Arctic, were tagged in Scott Inlet, coastal Baffin Island, Canada, with acoustic transmitters and tracked for a 1‐year period. Our aim was to measure fish movement and connectivity between inshore habitats, where Inuit fisheries are developing, and offshore waters, where an established commercial fishery operates. Four movement metrics were established, and cluster analysis and a mixed effects model were used to define movement types and identify environmental covariates of the presence/absence within the coastal environment respectively. Two distinct movement patterns were characterized for Greenland halibut; the majority were transients that were no longer detected inshore by the end of November (n = 47, 72%), and a smaller group of intermittently resident fish that moved into the offshore at the same time as transient fish, but returned to the coastal environment in the winter (n = 8, 12%), with the remainder being undefined. The presence of Greenland halibut in the inshore was negatively correlated with ice cover, indicating that fish moved offshore as sea ice formed. Synthesis and applications. Greenland halibut were previously thought to be highly resident within the coastal environment of Baffin Bay; however, our data demonstrates that this is not true for all areas. In Scott Inlet and adjacent coastal regions, Greenland halibut exhibit complex inshore‐offshore connectivity, suggesting inshore and offshore fisheries require a shared quota. We recommend that in the face of developing global small‐scale coastal fisheries, improved understanding of stock connectivity between environments is required to sustainably manage commercial fish species.

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“…One way of effectively studying such cryptic species in logistically challenging areas is to use PAM. Deploying hydrophones that record year-round at high latitudes has provided novel information on many Arctic species, including bearded seals ( Erignathus barbatus), white whales ( Delphinapterus leucas) and bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) (e.g., Moore et al 2012;Stafford et al 2013;MacIntyre et al 2015;Ahonen et al 2017;Stafford et al 2018). Narwhal acoustics are less often studied compared to other Arctic species, but they are suitable subjects for PAM because they are vocally active.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Narwhal acoustics are less often studied compared to other Arctic species, but they are suitable subjects for PAM because they are vocally active. Narwhals produce echolocation clicks and buzzes (very short inter-click interval echolocation) as well as pulsed and tonal signals over a broad range of frequencies, including the lower frequencies often used in long-term PAM programmes (Ford & Fisher 1978;Shapiro 2006;Marcoux, Auger-Methe, Chmelnitsky et al 2011;Stafford, Laidre et al 2012;Marcoux et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multi-year study of narwhal occurrence in the western Fram Strait—detected via passive acoustic monitoring

et al. 2019

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Seasonal marine mammal occurrence detected from passive acoustic monitoring in Scott Inlet, Nunavut, Canada

Cited by 23 publications

References 81 publications

Seasonal patterns in acoustic detections of marine mammals near Sachs Harbour, Northwest Territories

Seasonal patterns in acoustic detections of marine mammals near Sachs Harbour, Northwest Territories

Transient movements of a deep‐water flatfish in coastal waters: Implications of inshore‐offshore connectivity for fisheries management

A multi-year study of narwhal occurrence in the western Fram Strait—detected via passive acoustic monitoring

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