Seasonal, inter-annual and solar cycle variability of the quasi two day wave in the low-latitude mesosphere and lower thermosphere

Rao, N. V. S.; Ratnam, M. Venkat; Vedavathi, C.; Tsuda, Toshitaka; Murthy, B. V. Krishna; Sundararaman, Sathishkumar; Gurubaran, S.; Kumar, Karanam Kishore; Subrahmanyam, K. V.; Rao, S. Vijaya Bhaskara

doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2016.11.005

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Recently, MIGHTI winds in the F‐region (red line) and E‐region (green line) have been validated against Fabry‐Perot interferometers and SMRs, respectively (Harding et al., 2021; Makela et al., 2021). At low latitudes, Q2DWs maximize annually between January and March (e.g., Harris & Vincent, 1993; Rao et al., 2017), thus, our study is focused on the January–March 2020 period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quasi‐2‐Day Wave in Low‐Latitude Atmospheric Winds as Viewed From the Ground and Space During January–March, 2020

Chau

Forbes

et al. 2021

Geophysical Research Letters

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Horizontal winds from four low‐latitude (±15°) specular meteor radars (SMRs) and the Michelson Interferometer for Global High‐resolution Thermospheric Imaging (MIGHTI) instrument on the ICON satellite, are combined to investigate quasi‐2‐day waves (Q2DWs) in early 2020. SMRs cover 80–100 km altitude whereas MIGHTI covers 95–300 km. Q2DWs are the largest dynamical feature of the summertime middle atmosphere. At the overlapping altitudes, comparisons between the derived Q2DWs exhibit excellent agreement. The SMR sensor array analyses show that the dominant zonal wavenumbers are s = +2 and + 3, and help resolve ambiguities in MIGHTI results. We present the first Q2DW depiction for s = +2 and s = +3 between 95 and 200 km, and show that their amplitudes are almost invariant between 80 and 100 km. Above 106 km, Q2DW amplitudes and phases present structures that might result from the superposition of Q2DWs and their aliased secondary waves.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quasi‐2‐Day Wave in Low‐Latitude Atmospheric Winds as Viewed From the Ground and Space During January–March, 2020

Chau

Forbes

et al. 2021

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…The few previous studies either focused on the thermosphere/ionosphere, where the wave amplitudes are dominated by the temperature dependence of dissipative processes in the E‐region and tidal‐planetary wave interactions to imprint the planetary wave periods on this altitude regime (e.g., Forbes et al, 2018; Koval et al, 2018), or long‐term radar observations in the mesosphere. The former do not matter for the current question, and the latter are largely focused on the quasi‐2‐day wave (Q2DW) ranging from no correlation at northern midlatitudes (Lilienthal & Jacobi, 2015), to large positive correlation in the meridional wind but negative correlation with the zonal wind at subtropical NH latitudes (Gu et al, 2013), to small negative correlations at the equator (Rao et al, 2017). Moudden and Forbes (2014) found a positive Q2DW correlation with the solar cycle in SABER temperatures in the SH and no correlation in the NH, in contrast to Huang et al (2013) who reported a positive correlation in the SH and NH.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

QBO, ENSO, and Solar Cycle Effects in Short‐Term Nonmigrating Tidal Variability on Planetary Wave Timescales From SABER—An Information‐Theoretic Approach

Kumari

Oberheide

2020

JGR Atmospheres

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Much progress has been made in delineating and understanding the “tidal climate” of the mesosphere and lower thermosphere, that is, tidal variability on seasonal or longer timescales. Short‐term tidal variability on timescales of a few days is much less understood, mainly due to observational constraints imposed by satellite local solar time sampling. This paper presents a new approach to study the “tidal weather” in 16 years of SABER temperatures. Our focus is on the eastward‐propagating nonmigrating diurnal tide with zonal wave number 3 (DE3) that originates from tropical convection. The statistics of short‐term tidal variability derived from “tidal deconvolution” are analyzed using an information‐theoretic approach based on Bayesian statistics and time‐dependent probability density functions. The paper particularly discusses the statistical characteristics of interannual changes in short‐term DE3 variability on a quasi‐10‐day wave (Q10DW) timescale and relates it to various forcing and propagation conditions such as Quasi‐Biennial Oscillation (QBO), El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and solar cycle. Understanding the response to these drivers requires a separate treatment of symmetric and antisymmetric DE3 tidal modes. Symmetric DE3 mode variability is enhanced during the easterly phase of the QBO due to enhanced Q10DW activity and during the La Niña phase of ENSO due to enhanced convective forcing but does not show a solar cycle dependence because of stable polar vortex conditions in the southern hemisphere. Antisymmetric DE3 mode variability is enhanced in the westerly phase of the QBO during solar maximum due to Q10DW activity related to a more unstable polar vortex in the northern hemisphere.

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“…Meanwhile, the barotropic/baroclinic instabilities also contribute to the amplifications of planetary waves through wave‐mean flow interaction (Wang et al, ). Finally, maximum wave amplitudes of 50–100 m/s and 10–20 K are identified in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere region for wind and temperature components, respectively (Kumar et al, ; Rao et al, ), which are then weakened quickly in the lower thermosphere due the strong molecular dissipation (Yue et al, ). The strong momentum flux deposited to the background state causes additional variations in the residual circulation, which results in the couplings between different atmospheric layers and the change of atmospheric compositions (Gan et al, ; Gu, Lei, et al, ; Gu, Liu, et al, ; Yue & Wang, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climatology and Anomaly of the Quasi‐Two‐Day Wave Behaviors During 2003–2018 Austral Summer Periods

Dou

Yang

et al. 2019

JGR Space Physics

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The Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry satellite instrument has been measuring the mesospheric global temperature since February 2002, providing the longest continuous data set to statistically study the climatology and anomaly of the quasi‐two‐day waves (QTDWs), including the westward zonal wave number 2 (W2), 3 (W3), and 4 (W4) modes. It is found that the W2 QTDW generally peaks earliest, followed by the W3 mode with the W4 QTDW being amplified lastly. This temporal pattern is always disordered during the sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) periods. The temperature oscillations of the QTDW usually peak at nearly the same period at different altitudes and different latitudes for a certain case but would be different from year to year. The statistical results show that the periods of the W2 QTDWs are more frequently observed to be at 45–48 hr and the periods of the W3 mode are mostly confined between 45 and 52 hr. Nevertheless, the oscillations of the W4 QTDW peak more dispersedly between 41 and 56 hr. The W3 QTDW is usually the strongest among the three modes, whereas it is sometimes equal to or even weaker than W2 and W4 QTDWs, especially during SSW periods. Besides, we found that the vertical distribution of the W3 QTDW splits into a bimodal structure during the SSW periods of 2006 and 2011. And the solar cycle trend of the QTDWs is frequently disturbed by a 2‐ to 5‐year variability, which seems to be a common feature for all the QTDW modes.

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Seasonal, inter-annual and solar cycle variability of the quasi two day wave in the low-latitude mesosphere and lower thermosphere

Cited by 14 publications

References 40 publications

Quasi‐2‐Day Wave in Low‐Latitude Atmospheric Winds as Viewed From the Ground and Space During January–March, 2020

Quasi‐2‐Day Wave in Low‐Latitude Atmospheric Winds as Viewed From the Ground and Space During January–March, 2020

QBO, ENSO, and Solar Cycle Effects in Short‐Term Nonmigrating Tidal Variability on Planetary Wave Timescales From SABER—An Information‐Theoretic Approach

Climatology and Anomaly of the Quasi‐Two‐Day Wave Behaviors During 2003–2018 Austral Summer Periods

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