Seasonal, Geographic, and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns in Microbial Keratitis

Ni, Nina; Nam, Enoch M.; Hammersmith, K.M.; Nagra, Parveen K.; Azari, Amir A.; Leiby, Benjamin E.; Dai, Yang; Cabrera, F.; Jenny, F; Lambert, Calvin; Honig, S.; Rapuano, Christopher J.

doi:10.1097/ico.0000000000000352

Cited by 77 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…1 In tropical regions, fungal keratitis comprise almost 40% of all microbial keratitis, 2 while in temperate climates, bacterial infections are more prevalent. 3 For non-severe ulcers, empirical treatment may be started. 4 The standard of care involves a microbiological work up to determine the possible organism causing the infection followed by commencement of appropriate therapy which may be modified based on culture and sensitivity reports.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison Between Polymicrobial and Fungal Keratitis: Clinical Features, Risk Factors, and Outcome

Fernandes

Vira

Dey

et al. 2015

American Journal of Ophthalmology

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison Between Polymicrobial and Fungal Keratitis: Clinical Features, Risk Factors, and Outcome

Fernandes

Vira

Dey

et al. 2015

American Journal of Ophthalmology

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“…5 High levels of methicillin resistance were also reported for S. aureus (51.9%) and S. 8 MRSA infection and other multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens can be detrimental to vision and represent a major therapeutic challenge. 3,9 There is a paucity of studies that monitor antibiotic resistance among ocular bacteria, and this represents a substantial unmet need. This article aims to describe ocular antibiotic resistance surveillance programs in the US, and to present the latest findings of the Antibiotic Resistance Monitoring in Ocular micRoorganisms (ARMOR) study, the only nationwide ongoing surveillance study specific to ocular bacterial pathogens.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Resistance Trends Among Ocular Pathogens in the US—Cumulative Results from the Antibiotic Resistance Monitoring in Ocular Microorganisms (ARMOR) Surveillance Study

Asbell¹,

Sanfilippo²

2017

US Ophthalmic Review

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A ntibiotic resistance among ocular pathogens is a public health concern. The multicenter, prospective Antibiotic Resistance Monitoring in Ocular micRoorganisms (ARMOR) study is an ongoing surveillance study designed to report on antibiotic resistance rates and trends among Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS; includes Staphylococcus epidermidis), Streptococcus pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Haemophilus influenzae isolates from ocular infections. Results for more than 4,000 isolates collected from 2009 -2015, representing 7 years of ARMOR, were recently presented. More than a third of S. aureus and almost half of all CoNS isolates were found to be resistant to methicillin. Staphylococcal isolates also showed high levels of multidrug resistance (resistance to ≥3 antibacterial drug classes) with 76.4% and 73.7% of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-resistant CoNS (MRCoNS) isolates, respectively, demonstrating multidrug resistance. Resistance among S. pneumoniae was notable for azithromycin (36.8%) and for penicillin (34.0%), whereas P. aeruginosa and H. influenzae were generally susceptible to the antibiotic classes tested. Longitudinal analyses demonstrated a small decrease in methicillin resistance among S. aureus over the 7-year study period, which may be a result of improved antibiotic stewardship. Continued surveillance of antibiotic resistance among ocular pathogens is warranted.

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“…Unfortunately the frequent irrational use of topical and systemic antibiotics has lead to microorganism's resistant to the more frequently used antibiotics such as Quinolones and Amino glycosides [9,[16][17][18]. The fact that newer antibiotics as Quinolones became resistant, confirms that topical instillation may lead to resistancy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The antibiograms of the current study confirm that bacterial sensitivity is really limited to the frequently used antibiotics. In corneal ulcers the most common Gram+ bacterium found was CNS that remained sensitive to Vancomycin, a hospital administered medication [1,12,18]. Its sensitivity to other antibiotics was more limited.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Corneal Ulcer: Analysis of Isolated Bacteria and Antibiotics Sensitivity in the Urban Region of Attica, Greece

Brozou¹

2016

AOVS

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Introduction: The presence of a corneal ulcer stresses the ophthalmologist as it can be vision threatening. It may very often be difficult to treat as the antibiotics used in current practice often seem inefficient. The aim of the current study is to present the sensitivity and resistance of the commonly used topical antibiotics in patients with corneal ulcers. Materials and Methods:Smears from patients with suspected non sterile corneal ulcers (CU) and corneal ulcers, the contact lenses and their disinfection solutions in infected individuals (CL) were taken. Identification of the cultured microorganisms and an antibiogram, were performed automatically (MICROSCAN AUTO SCAN (DADE BEHRING) and ΑΡΙ system). Results:In total 82 smears were taken. 64,15% of the smears had positive cultures for bacteria (75% in the CL group and 53.6% in the CU group). In the CU group Gram+ (G+) bacteria were isolated more frequently whereas in the CL group this was true for Gram-(G-) bacteria. G-bacteria (besides pseudomonas) were notably resistant to amino glycosides and quinolones whereas Gram+ bacteria showed great sensitivity in most antibiotics.Conclusion: 'Blind' use of amino glycosides or other antibiotics for CU treatment needs to be re-evaluated. Choice for the adequate treatment should always be proposed based on the antibiogram and for this close co-operation of ophthalmologists with the microbiology laboratory is needed. Also, CL users need to be instructed for the correct use and disinfection of their CLs.

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Seasonal, Geographic, and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns in Microbial Keratitis

Cited by 77 publications

References 33 publications

Comparison Between Polymicrobial and Fungal Keratitis: Clinical Features, Risk Factors, and Outcome

Comparison Between Polymicrobial and Fungal Keratitis: Clinical Features, Risk Factors, and Outcome

Antibiotic Resistance Trends Among Ocular Pathogens in the US—Cumulative Results from the Antibiotic Resistance Monitoring in Ocular Microorganisms (ARMOR) Surveillance Study

Corneal Ulcer: Analysis of Isolated Bacteria and Antibiotics Sensitivity in the Urban Region of Attica, Greece

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