Seasonal genotype dynamics of a marine dinoflagellate: Pelagic populations are homogeneous and as diverse as benthic seed banks

Jerney, Jacqueline; Rengefors, Karin; Nagai, Satoshi; Krock, Bernd; Sjöqvist, Conny; Suikkanen, Sanna; Kremp, Anke

doi:10.1111/mec.16257

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 95 publications

(188 reference statements)

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“…This could be due to constant reseeding of cysts or resting spores from sediments (Lebret et al 2012). Indeed, studies of isolates from sediments have found them as genetically diverse as the pelagic population (Godhe and Härnström 2010; Jerney et al 2022). Thus, if intense competition in the pelagic is constantly leaving strains outcompeted, the introduction of new genetic material from the deep could maintain genetic diversity.…”

Section: Genetic Diversity Of Phytoplankton Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraspecific genetic diversity and coexistence in phytoplankton populations

Ryderheim,

Kiørboe

2024

Limnology & Oceanography

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The past two decades have seen a drastic increase in the availability and use of genetic techniques to study phytoplankton communities. As a result, it is now well documented that phytoplankton populations are genetically diverse, despite predominantly asexual reproduction and minute morphological variation. Genetic variation can lead to variation also in phenotype, and some traits vary more among genotypes than between species. Trait‐based approaches tackle this by focusing on traits rather than on species. However, trait‐based models often have difficulty predicting and explaining the huge trait‐diversity among coexisting individuals competing for the same few resources. Thus, we ask the question: How do hundreds, if not thousands, of genotypes coexist in a highly competitive environment? In this review, we gather information on genetic and phenotypic variations in coexisting genotypes and elaborate on three mechanisms by which broad intraspecific genetic diversity may be possible: neutral mutations, environmental fluctuations, and trade‐offs among traits. These have all been applied on an interspecies level, and we discuss their use also among coexisting genotypes. We find that genetic diversity to be almost exclusively studied in blooming species and that clonal diversity frequently measure above 0.95 (i.e., 95% of individuals sampled are genetically different). Genetic diversity seems stable throughout blooms, suggesting that competitive exclusion is low or that new genetic material is frequently being introduced into populations. Further, we find high intraspecific trait‐variation in several key traits among coexisting strains but also that trait‐variation is often neglected in studies on phytoplankton, making coexistence difficult to predict.

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Section: Genetic Diversity Of Phytoplankton Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraspecific genetic diversity and coexistence in phytoplankton populations

Ryderheim,

Kiørboe

2024

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…While most of the climate research on plankton bloom dynamics focuses on the pelagic life stage, a large majority of plankton species overwinter as resting stage in the sediment ( Marcus and Marcus, 1998 ; Cottingham et al ., 2021 ). The resting life stage is, however, often overlooked in climate change research, although emergence of planktonic organisms originating from resting stages from the sediment is a key driver for pelagic population dynamic and community composition ( Cáceres, 1998 ; McQuoid and Godhe, 2004 ; Jerney et al ., 2022 ). Therefore, interactions of resting stage recruitment with changing climate conditions should be considered as a driver for bloom formation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate change effects on plankton recruitment from coastal sediments

Hedberg,

Olsson,

Höglander

et al. 2024

Journal of Plankton Research

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In highly seasonal systems, the emergence of planktonic resting stages from the sediment is a key driver for bloom timing and plankton community composition. The termination of the resting phase is often linked to environmental cues, but the extent to which recruitment of resting stages is affected by climate change remains largely unknown for coastal environments. Here we investigate phyto- and zooplankton recruitment from oxic sediments in the Baltic Sea in a controlled experiment under proposed temperature and light increase during the spring and summer. We find that emergence of resting stage differs between seasons and the abiotic environment. Phytoplankton recruitment from resting stages were high in spring with significantly higher emergence rates at increased temperature and light levels for dinoflagellate and cyanobacteria than for diatoms, which had highest emergence under cold and dark conditions. In comparison, hatching of copepod nauplii was not affected by increased temperature and light levels. These results show that activation of plankton resting stages are affected to different degrees by increasing temperature and light levels, indicating that climate change affects plankton dynamics through processes related to resting stage termination with potential consequences for bloom timing, community composition and trophic mismatch.

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“…Microsatellite markers have successfully revealed dispersal pathways and connectivity among Alexandrium populations in Japanese coastal waters (Nagai et al 2007, Genovesi et al 2015, the Baltic Sea (Jerney et al 2021), and populations along the French coast (Dia et al 2014). In the Northwest Atlantic, microsatellite markers have been used to examine the population structure of Alexandrium blooms in both coastal waters (Erdner et al 2011) and enclosed embayments (Richlen et al 2012).…”

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confidence: 99%

Contrasting genetic diversity and strong genetic break between the Chilean and Japanese strains of the toxic dinoflagellate <i>Alexandrium catenella</i> (Dinophyceae) as revealed by newly developed microsatellite markers

Kamata

Wada

Yasuda

et al. 2023

Plankton Benthos Res

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Outbreaks of paralytic shellfish poisoning caused by the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella (Dinophyceae) are currently a serious global problem both from economic and food hygiene perspectives. In Chile, A. catenella was first recorded in 1972 and is currently the main harmful algae species in the country, in terms of seafood security. As no relevant microsatellite markers for Chilean A. catenella populations were available, we isolated 23 new polymorphic microsatellite loci of A. catenella from Chile, of which 15 are applicable to both Chilean and Japanese populations. We found a strong genetic break between Chilean and Japanese A. catenella populations (F ST =0.298, P<0.001), consistent with the morphological differences between them. In contrast to the Japanese population, for which genetic diversity ranged from 0.268 to 0.937, the Chilean population had a lower genetic diversity, ranging between 0.065 and 0.512. This study successfully developed A. catenella microsatellite markers that can be used to investigate its genetic spatial and temporal bloom diversity and assess further genetic connectivity between the population from southern and northern Chilean areas.

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Seasonal genotype dynamics of a marine dinoflagellate: Pelagic populations are homogeneous and as diverse as benthic seed banks

Abstract: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creat ive Commo ns Attri bution-NonCo mmercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

Cited by 9 publications

References 95 publications

Intraspecific genetic diversity and coexistence in phytoplankton populations

Intraspecific genetic diversity and coexistence in phytoplankton populations

Climate change effects on plankton recruitment from coastal sediments

Contrasting genetic diversity and strong genetic break between the Chilean and Japanese strains of the toxic dinoflagellate <i>Alexandrium catenella</i> (Dinophyceae) as revealed by newly developed microsatellite markers

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