Seasonal fluctuations of Cotesia flavipes Cameron (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) parasitism in borers of sorghum and sugarcane in southern India

Srikanth, J.; Easwaramoorthy, S.; Shanmugasundaram, M.; Kumar, Ravinder

doi:10.1017/s174275840001660x

Cited by 3 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Similarly, the absence of association with sorghum stem borer Chilo partellus Swinhoe (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in the present study site (Srikanth et al, 1999), though noticed in subtropical (Singh, 1999) and tropical India (Padmaja and Prabhakar, 2004), ruled out shift to this borer as well. Such a possibility was hypothesized when augmentative releases of C. flavipes failed to impact C. sacchariphagus indicus due to the parasitoid's preference for C. partellus (Easwaramoorthy et al, 1998;Srikanth et al, 1999). The lack of synergistic effect of C. flavipes and St. inferens combination could partly be due to the low suitability and poor field preference (Srikanth et al, 2001 of the borer as a host for C. flavipes.…”

Section: Impact Assessment Of St Inferens Augmentationsupporting

confidence: 43%

“…Occasional occurrence of C. flavipes was ignored in view of its poor track record (Srikanth et al, 1999(Srikanth et al, , 2001.…”

Section: Seasonal Dynamics Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although not considered in the present study, GV was a more predominant natural control agent of the borer (Easwaramoorthy, 1984;Srikanth et al, 2001) acting in a density-dependent manner . It is possible that St. inferens, in conjunction with the less abundant C. flavipes (Srikanth et al, 1999(Srikanth et al, , 2001, complements the more abundant GV in maintaining the borer 1 3 population at equilibrium levels.…”

Section: Natural Biological Control Of the Borermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, the two parasitoids offer the dual advantage of amenability to mass production on factitious hosts (David et al, 1989;) and convenience of field delivery. However, the extremely poor natural parasitism rates in shoot borer (Srikanth et al, 1999(Srikanth et al, , 2001 and inconsistent performance against sugarcane internode borer Chilo sacchariphagus indicus (Kapur) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) (Easwaramoorthy et al, 1998) weaken the candidacy of C. flavipes. The regularity of occurrence and higher parasitism rates of St. inferens (Easwaramoorthy et al, 1991;Srikanth et al, 2001 render it a target augmentative agent, despite the care needed in laboratory cultures to maintain mated females through their gestation period until they are ready to deposit maggots (David et al, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of the tachinid Sturmiopsis inferens as a natural and applied biological control agent of sugarcane shoot borer (Chilo infuscatellus) in southern India

et al. 2009

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In field studies during 2000-2005, seasonal dynamics of sugarcane shoot borer Chilo infuscatellus Snellen (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) and its parasitoid Sturmiopsis inferens Tns. (Diptera: Tachinidae) were examined and augmentative releases of the parasitoid against the borer were evaluated at Coimbatore, India. The borer was active throughout the study period with the overall range of 0.3 -28.6% fortnightly deadheart incidence. With considerable yearto-year variation, the borer peaked during July-August in high incidence years but showed indistinct peak activity periods in low attack years. Sturmiopsis inferens was found in all the study years with zero activity in some fortnights and overall maximum parasitism rates of 23.3 and 21.0% in 2000 and 2001, respectively; parasitoid activity dropped drastically in 2002 and the decline continued thereafter. The high parasitism years witnessed distinct peak activity in March and somewhat higher activity in July-August. Simple and multiple correlation analyses showed inconsistent influence of weather parameters on borer and parasitoid activity. Shoot borer activity was weakly related to St. inferens activity either in individual years or in the entire five-year period. Augmentative releases of St. inferens gravid females at dosages of 25-95 females/ha enhanced parasitism rates and reduced borer incidence in some trials but produced variable effects in some other trials. Dosage of parasitoid was not related to post-release parasitism rates in release plots. The results of the field trials and their implications are discussed.

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Section: Impact Assessment Of St Inferens Augmentationsupporting

confidence: 43%

“…Occasional occurrence of C. flavipes was ignored in view of its poor track record (Srikanth et al, 1999(Srikanth et al, , 2001.…”

Section: Seasonal Dynamics Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Natural Biological Control Of the Borermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of the tachinid Sturmiopsis inferens as a natural and applied biological control agent of sugarcane shoot borer (Chilo infuscatellus) in southern India

et al. 2009

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“…Parasitism levels of C. flavipes were the highest on stemborer of sorghum, followed by internode borer and shoot borer of sugarcane in southern India during 1990-94; no other parasitoid was recorded from these borers [218]. Mean parasitism of C. tumidicostalis in Assam State was 6.65 and 6.07% in 1991 and 1992, respectively.…”

Section: -2000mentioning

confidence: 92%

A 100 years of biological control of sugarcane pests in India: review and perspective.

Srikanth¹

2016

CABI Reviews

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Insect pests constitute a major biotic stress in sugarcane in India as they attack the crop from the time of planting until almost harvest, inflicting yield and sugar losses. Biological control has always received a prominent position among the pest management tools, facilitated by the unique semi-perennial crop habitat and low pesticide usage. Biocontrol research of the early 1930s and 40s was characterized by surveys focusing on identification and studies on the basic biology of natural enemies. Conservation and redistribution , and introduction and colonization of predominant parasitoids was practiced very early, and even in the recent past, with remarkable success. Mass multiplication and field evaluation that began in the early decades continue today, as is demonstrated by the use of the most exploited parasitoid Trichogramma chilonis. Several parasitoids and predators of borers and sucking pests were investigated systematically when the need arose. Among entomopathogens, granulosis viruses and fungi received considerable attention; a simple formulation of Beauveria brongniartii reached commercial production for the control of the white grub Holotrichia serrata. In recent years, isolates of Bacillus thuringiensis from sugarcane soil have been examined and a scarabaeid-specific cry gene has been identified. Preliminary studies of kairomonal principles from borers as attractants to the larval parasitoid Cotesia flavipes have been carried out. Organizational support to the cause of biological control includes coordinated research efforts from government agencies, production of biocontrol agents by commercial insectaries and promotion of technologies by the sugar industry. In this review, we chronicle the major research findings over the past eight decades, portray an overview of their significance and project the prospects and priorities for biological control research and promotion in the country.

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RESISTANCE OFSACCHARUMSPP. AGAINSTCHILO SACCHARIPHAGUS INDICUS(KAPUR) (LEPIDOPTERA: CRAMBIDAE) IN INDIA

et al. 2016

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SUMMARYAccessions of four Saccharum spp. from the world collection of sugarcane germplasm maintained at the ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute Research Center, Kannur, Kerala State, India, were screened against Chilo sacchariphagus indicus (Kapur) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), commonly known as internode borer. Observations on the progression of borer attack in the most susceptible Saccharum officinarum indicated that the incidence began in the first fortnight of July, increased in the next 2 months and reached its peak in September. Thereafter, the incidence decreased in the next 2 months but reached its overall peak in December. Simple correlation coefficients between mean monthly weather parameters and borer incidence were not significant. Percent of canes attacked was significantly lower in 2011 than in 2012 for S. officinarum, Saccharum barberi and Saccharum sinense but did not differ between the years for Saccharum robustum. Amongst the four Saccharum spp., S. robustum showed the lowest borer incidence whereas S. officinarum recorded the lowest attack intensity. Whilst infestation index showed the same trend as percent canes attacked, percent deadhearts did not differ amongst the four Saccharum spp. Considering the 171 accessions evaluated, 29 (16.9%) accessions were resistant, 39 (22.8%) moderately resistant and 103 (60.2%) susceptible to internode borer. Out of the 39 accessions of S. officinarum, none occupied the resistant category whereas 17.9% were in the moderately resistant category. In S. robustum, whilst nearly half (44.5%) the accessions emerged as resistant, a considerable number occupied the moderately resistant category. In S. barberi, no accession was resistant to the borer. In S. sinense, only one accession each represented resistant and moderately resistant categories. Plant morphological characters, yield and quality parameters did not show clear-cut relationship with the three infestation parameters.

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Seasonal fluctuations of Cotesia flavipes Cameron (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) parasitism in borers of sorghum and sugarcane in southern India

Cited by 3 publications

References 9 publications

Assessment of the tachinid Sturmiopsis inferens as a natural and applied biological control agent of sugarcane shoot borer (Chilo infuscatellus) in southern India

Assessment of the tachinid Sturmiopsis inferens as a natural and applied biological control agent of sugarcane shoot borer (Chilo infuscatellus) in southern India

A 100 years of biological control of sugarcane pests in India: review and perspective.

RESISTANCE OFSACCHARUMSPP. AGAINSTCHILO SACCHARIPHAGUS INDICUS(KAPUR) (LEPIDOPTERA: CRAMBIDAE) IN INDIA

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