Seasonal Fine and Coarse Culturable Fungal Constituents and Concentrations from Indoor and Outdoor Air Samples Taken from an Arid Environment

Mota, Linda C.; Gibbs, Shawn G.; Green, Christopher F.; Flores, Carissa M.; Tarwater, Patrick M.; Ortiz, Melchor

doi:10.1080/15459620802208636

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Air samples were collected using the two-stage viable cascade impactor sampler (TE-10-160, Tisch Environmental, Cleves, OH, USA), separating particles into two size ranges: fine (<8 µm) and coarse (>8 µm) [2]. The particles ≥8 μm are usually deposited in the upper respiratory tract and can contribute to allergic rhinitis and asthma [15], however particles ≤8 μm can penetrate into the alveoli contributing to allergies [17].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Petri dishes containing malt extract agar (BD, Sparks, MD, USA) supplemented with 50 ppm chloramphenicol (Oxoid, Hampshire, UK) were used to collect fungi. Each home was scheduled for sampling twice per season, and because of the short sampling time two consecutive indoor samples, at 12.00 and 15.00 p.m. where taken in parallel to the outdoor samples during every sampling event [2]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are known to induce irritation, infection, allergy, asthma, and toxic effects [1,2]. Fungi may produce mycotoxins that may cause several diseases in humans and animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coarse and Fine Culturable Fungal Air Concentrations in Urban and Rural Homes in Egypt

Awad

Gibbs

Tarwater

et al. 2013

IJERPH

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The main objective of the present study was to assess culturable airborne fungal concentrations, and types in different seasons. Two-stage viable impactor samplers were used with malt extract agar medium as the collection media. Culturable airborne fungal concentrations were collected indoors and outdoors of 43 homes in urban and rural environments from November 2008 to October 2009 in Egypt. Fungal concentrations were significantly higher in the rural environment than the urban environment. The median indoor and outdoor total fungal concentrations were 608 and 675 CFU/m3 in the urban environment and 1,932 and 1,872 CFU/m3 in the rural environment, respectively. The greatest concentrations were found in the autumn and spring season. Indoor and outdoor concentrations were significantly correlated (P < 0.001). The highest concentrations were observed in the fungal size range of <8 µm (fine fraction). The indoor/outdoor (I/O) ratios were not statistically different between seasons. Alternaria, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Penicillium and yeasts were the predominant genera indoors and outdoors, and the abundance of genera varied by season and region. This study is of a potential interest as little reported research on the indoor fungal air quality from Egypt.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coarse and Fine Culturable Fungal Air Concentrations in Urban and Rural Homes in Egypt

Awad

Gibbs

Tarwater

et al. 2013

IJERPH

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“…One culturebased study involving >1700 buildings found median I:O ratios of about 1 for many Aspergillus species, which was the highest I:O ratio for mold genera commonly detected in indoor air (Shelton et al 2002). A study of 50 residences found median I:O Aspergillus ratios >1 for all four seasons (Mota et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributions of Foot Traffic and Outdoor Concentrations to Indoor AirborneAspergillus

Goebes¹,

Boehm²,

Hildemann³

2011

Aerosol Science and Technology

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Aspergillus is a mold genus that can cause allergies, asthma, and pulmonary infections in sensitive people; its particles are common in indoor air. Two potential contributors to indoor Aspergillus particles were examined in this field study: human activity (walking over carpet), and outdoor Aspergillus concentrations. Filtered air samples were collected outdoors and inside two carpeted hallways in public buildings, while measuring indoor foot traffic. Aspergillus concentrations were analyzed using quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR). A bivariate model was used to predict indoor Aspergillus concentrations based on foot traffic and outdoor Aspergillus concentrations. For 3 of 4 scenarios, most of the variation in indoor Aspergillus could be explained by the combined effect of outdoor Aspergillus concentrations and foot traffic, with particularly strong correlations during peak traffic times. In addition, indoor Aspergillus was significantly associated with outdoor Aspergillus in 2 of 4 scenarios, and with foot traffic in 2 of 4 scenarios. For 2 of 3 sampling campaigns, Aspergillus did not have a significant association either with gravimetric particulate matter ≤5 µm (PM 5 ), or with optically measured PM of 0.75-1 µm, 1-2 µm, 2-3.5 µm, or 3.5-5 µm. Controlled experiments, examining whether the foot traffic contribution was due to resuspension from carpeting or to shedding from clothing and/or human bodies, saw a significant increase in Aspergillus levels from resuspension. Although an increase was also seen for clothing over Tyvek suits, it was not statistically significant.

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“…This indicates that climatic characteristics have an instrumental effect on fungi. Research carried out by Mota et al (2008) determined that climatic and vegetation variations affected fungus concentrations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study on the fungi isolated from the carpeting, walls and prayer beads from the New Mosque and Nuruosmaniye Mosque situated in the province of Istanbul

PaÃ§a¹,

Ã‡olakoÄŸlu²

2017

J. Public Health Epidemiol.

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Mosques which are visited by many people every day, for both worship and touristic purposes, play an important role in the spread of infections in society. It is for this reason that research into the fungal concentrations found on the carpets, walls and prayer beads in mosques may prove instrumental in determining potential risks and in protecting the health of visitors. The sampling of fungus content from the carpeting, walls and prayer beads of two different mosques in the province of Istanbul was undertaken with the aim of determining fungi content and levels at two chosen stations in 2015 in the months of January, April, July and October. Samples were taken using dry sterile swabs. The samples brought to the laboratory were cultivated in Peptone-Dextrose Agar in appropriate conditions. The isolated fungi were spot cultivated in Malt Extract Agar (MEA) medium and pure colonies were detected. The preparations extracted from the pure culture of the fungi were examined using a microscope. In the sampling carried out for a duration of four months, 190 colonies were detected. As a result of the study undertaken, 18 different species from 8 genera were isolated. The genera identified were as follows; Alternaria, Aspergillus, Chaetomium, Cladosporium, Penicillium, Scopulariopsis, Trichoderma and Ulocladium. Amongst the genera, the 3 most commonly detected ones were; Aspergillus, 53.2% Penicillium 24.2% and Cladosporium, 14.2%. As a result of the study, the species most isolated, in order, are as follows: Aspergillus fumigatus at 25.8% Aspergillus flavus at 12.7%, Aspergillus parasiticus at 10%, Cladosporium sphaerospermum and Penicillium palitans at 8.4% respectively, Penicillium citreonigrum at 7.4%, Cladosporium cladosporioides at 6.3%, Penicillium citrinum at 5.8%, Chaetomium globosum at 4.2%, Aspergillus niger at 3.2%, Penicillium solitum and Trichoderma longibrachiatum at 1.6% respectively, Alternaria citri, Emericella nidulans and Penicillium chrysogenum at 1.05% respectively and Aspergillus sydowii, Scopulariopsis brevicaulis and Ulocladium alternariae at 0.5% respectively.

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Seasonal Fine and Coarse Culturable Fungal Constituents and Concentrations from Indoor and Outdoor Air Samples Taken from an Arid Environment

Cited by 6 publications

References 26 publications

Coarse and Fine Culturable Fungal Air Concentrations in Urban and Rural Homes in Egypt

Coarse and Fine Culturable Fungal Air Concentrations in Urban and Rural Homes in Egypt

Contributions of Foot Traffic and Outdoor Concentrations to Indoor AirborneAspergillus

A study on the fungi isolated from the carpeting, walls and prayer beads from the New Mosque and Nuruosmaniye Mosque situated in the province of Istanbul

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